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Found 6341 publications
Prediction of Overall Equipment Effectiveness in Assembly Processes Using Machine Learning
Publication Name: Strojnicky Casopis Journal of Mechanical Engineering
Publication Date: 2024-11-01
Volume: 74
Issue: 2
Page Range: 57-64
Description:
Nowadays, a lot of data is generated in production and also in the domain of assembly, from which different patterns can be extracted using machine learning methods with the support of data mining. With the support of various modern technical and Information Technology (IT) tools, the recording, storage and processing of large amounts of data is now a routine activity. Based on machine learning, efficiency metrics including Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), can be partially predicted, but industrial companies need more accurate and reliable methods. The analyzed algorithms can be used in general for all production units or machines where production data is recorded by Manufacturing Execution System (MES) or other Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are available. This paper presents and determinates which most used machine learning methods should be combined with each other in order to achieve a better prediction result.
Open Access: Yes
An Integrative Framework for Healthcare Recommendation Systems: Leveraging the Linear Discriminant Wolf–Convolutional Neural Network (LDW-CNN) Model
Publication Name: Diagnostics
Publication Date: 2024-11-01
Volume: 14
Issue: 22
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
In the evolving healthcare landscape, recommender systems have gained significant importance due to their role in predicting and anticipating a wide range of health-related data for both patients and healthcare professionals. These systems are crucial for delivering precise information while adhering to high standards of quality, reliability, and authentication. Objectives: The primary objective of this research is to address the challenge of class imbalance in healthcare recommendation systems. This is achieved by improving the prediction and diagnostic capabilities of these systems through a novel approach that integrates linear discriminant wolf (LDW) with convolutional neural networks (CNNs), forming the LDW-CNN model. Methods: The LDW-CNN model incorporates the grey wolf optimizer with linear discriminant analysis to enhance prediction accuracy. The model’s performance is evaluated using multi-disease datasets, covering heart, liver, and kidney diseases. Established error metrics are used to compare the effectiveness of the LDW-CNN model against conventional methods, such as CNNs and multi-level support vector machines (MSVMs). Results: The proposed LDW-CNN system demonstrates remarkable accuracy, achieving a rate of 98.1%, which surpasses existing deep learning approaches. In addition, the model improves specificity to 99.18% and sensitivity to 99.008%, outperforming traditional CNN and MSVM techniques in terms of predictive performance. Conclusions: The LDW-CNN model emerges as a robust solution for multidisciplinary disease prediction and recommendation, offering superior performance in healthcare recommender systems. Its high accuracy, alongside its improved specificity and sensitivity, positions it as a valuable tool for enhancing prediction and diagnosis across multiple disease domains.
Open Access: Yes
From ESG to holistic value addition: Rethinking sustainable investment from the lens of stakeholder theory
Publication Name: International Review of Economics and Finance
Publication Date: 2024-11-01
Volume: 96
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Stakeholder theory calls for effective stakeholder management in the interest of sustainable businesses. Whilst there is a need to redefine ‘stakeholders’, investors (i.e. shareholders) can play an essential role in bringing a paradigm shift in shaping current business practices. In recent times, the ‘Environment, Society and Governance’ (ESG) approach has emerged as an alternative form of investment for key investors seeking change. However, certain deficiencies have been identified when it comes to ESG strategies, which have led to disagreements among sustainable investors. To plug this gap and overcome this challenge, we propose an alternative framework based on sustainable business practices that holistically adds value that is inclusive of all stakeholders. To this end, we conducted semi-structured interviews with social entrepreneurs, academics, and experts from the financial services industry in an emerging country context, namely India. Based on our text analysis of interview data, we propose a ‘Holistic Value Addition’ (HVA) framework of sustainable investment that builds on value-addition by businesses towards its stakeholders. We envisage that adoption of this framework will help sustain the sustainable agenda.
Open Access: Yes
Unveiling the Role of Edaphic Microalgae in Soil Carbon Sequestration: Potential for Agricultural Inoculants in Climate Change Mitigation
Publication Name: Agriculture Switzerland
Publication Date: 2024-11-01
Volume: 14
Issue: 11
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Agricultural soil has great potential to address climate change issues, particularly the rise in atmospheric CO2 levels. It offers effective remedies, such as increasing soil carbon content while lowering atmospheric carbon levels. The growing interest in inoculating soil with live microorganisms aims to enhance agricultural land carbon storage and sequestration capacity, modify degraded soil ecosystems, and sustain yields with fewer synthetic inputs. Agriculture has the potential to use soil microalgae as inoculants. However, the significance of these microorganisms in soil carbon sequestration and soil carbon stabilization under field conditions has yet to be fully understood. Large-scale commercial agriculture has focused on the development and use of inoculation products that promote plant growth, with a particular emphasis on enhancing yield attributes. Gaining more profound insights into soil microalgae’s role in soil carbon cycling is necessary to develop products that effectively support soil carbon sequestration and retention. This review comprehensively explores the direct and indirect mechanisms through which soil microalgae contribute to soil carbon sequestration, highlighting their potential as microbial inoculants in agricultural settings. This study underlines the need for more research to be conducted on microalgae inoculation into agricultural soil systems aimed at mitigating carbon emissions in the near future.
Open Access: Yes
Identification crisis: a fauna-wide estimate of biodiversity expertise shows massive decline in a Central European country
Zoltán Vas
Zoltán Csabai
Pál Boda
Dávid Murányi
László Dányi
Levente Ábrahám
Tamás Szűts
Jenő Kontschán
Arnold Móra
Tibor Kovács
Barna Páll-Gergely
Sándor Koczor
Bálint Bajomi
Zoltán Soltész
Péter Kóbor
Tamás Németh
Gellért Puskás
Márk Lukátsi
Balázs Tóth
Bálint Pernecker
Adrienn Horváth
Lajos Rózsa
Katalin Zsuga
Luca Eszter Balog
Péter Kovács
Andrea Tőke
Vivien Zsupos
Éva Szita
Sándor Hornok
Csaba Csuzdi
Gábor Majoros
Zoltán Fehér
Frank Thorsten Krell
Publication Name: Biodiversity and Conservation
Publication Date: 2024-11-01
Volume: 33
Issue: 13
Page Range: 3871-3903
Description:
Expertise in biodiversity research (taxonomy, faunistics, conservation with taxonomic background) appears to decline worldwide. While the “taxonomic impediment” is discussed extensively in the literature, much fewer papers focus on the identification crisis, i.e., the decreasing number of experts who can identify species, and the decline of species-based biodiversity research. As a test case to explore the gravity of the identification crisis, we chose Hungary, a Central European country with a strong history of comprehensive taxonomic expertise and research output. We set out to answer two main questions. (1) What proportion of the Hungarian fauna could currently be identified by Hungarian experts, and what factors determine which groups are covered; and (2) what are the trends of biodiversity research in Hungary, and what are the underlying reasons for these trends? We show that Hungary lacks active biodiversity experts for almost half of the nearly 36,000 animal species recorded in the country, and more than a quarter of the fauna have only one or two active experts available. We also show that faunistic research experienced a golden era between ca. 1990 and 2010. Since then, however, there has been a strong decline, with the number of active experts and published papers decreased to a level like that of the 1970s. Multiple factors are identified causing this trend, such as increased pressure to publish in high impact journals and increasing administrative duties of professional scientists. The next generation of biodiversity experts needs to be fluent in modern techniques and publication strategies but also maintain robust morphology-based knowledge to be equipped for identification tasks of difficult taxa. Despite being disadvantaged by exclusive application of citation-based evaluation, we do need more positions and focused grants for biodiversity researchers to maintain the country’s knowledge base and to avoid being increasingly dependent on—equally declining—foreign expertise.
Open Access: Yes
Non-Palpable Breast Cancer: A Targeting Challenge–Comparison of Radio-Guided vs. Wire-Guided Localization Techniques
Publication Name: Biomedicines
Publication Date: 2024-11-01
Volume: 12
Issue: 11
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Background: The incidence of non-palpable breast cancer is increasing due to widespread screening and neo-adjuvant therapies. Among the available tumor localization techniques, radio-guided occult lesion localization (ROLL) has largely replaced wire-guided localization (WGL). The aim of this study was to compare the ROLL and WGL techniques in terms of the effectiveness of isotopic marking of axillary sentinel lymph nodes and to assess patient perspectives along with surgeon and radiologist preferences. Methods: A single-center, prospective, randomized study enrolled 110 patients with non-palpable breast lesions (56 ROLL, 54 WGL). Breast type, tumor volume, location, histological and radiological features, and localization/surgical duration were evaluated in the context of sentinel lymph node marking using isotope (technetium-99m-labeled human serum albumin) and blue dye. Statistical analysis was performed with significance set at p < 0.05 and strong significance at p < 0.01. Results: A single-center, prospective, randomized study enrolled 110 patients with non-palpable breast lesions (56 ROLL, 54 WGL). Breast type, tumor volume, location, histological and radiological features, and localization/surgical duration were evaluated in the context of sentinel lymph node marking using isotope (technetium-99m-labeled human serum albumin) and blue dye. Statistical analysis was performed with significance set at p < 0.05 and strong significance at p < 0.01. Conclusions: While ROLL provided advantages in terms of patient comfort and logistical simplicity, WGL was superior for axillary sentinel lymph node marking, particularly in inner quadrant tumors, suggesting that WGL may be preferred in these cases.
Open Access: Yes
Prediction of Scour Depth for Diverse Pier Shapes Utilizing Two-Dimensional Hydraulic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System Sediment Model
Publication Name: Fluids
Publication Date: 2024-11-01
Volume: 9
Issue: 11
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Examining scouring around bridge piers is crucial for ensuring water-related infrastructure’s long-term safety and stability. Accurate forecasting models are essential for addressing scour, especially in complex water systems where traditional methods fall short. This study investigates the application of the HEC-RAS 2D sedimentation model, which has recently become available for detailed sediment analysis, to evaluate its effectiveness in predicting scoring around various pier shapes and under different water conditions. This study offers a comprehensive assessment of the model’s predictive capabilities by focusing on variables such as water velocity, shear stress, and riverbed changes. Particular attention was paid to the influence of factors like floating debris and different pier geometries on scour predictions. The results demonstrate that while the HEC-RAS 2D model generally provides accurate predictions for simpler pier shapes—achieving up to 85% precision—it shows varied performance for more complex designs and debris-influenced scenarios. Specifically, the model overpredicted scouring depths by approximately 20% for diamond-shaped piers and underpredicted by 15% for square piers in debris conditions. Elliptical piers, in contrast, experienced significantly less erosion, with scour depths up to 30% shallower compared to other shapes. This study highlights the novel application of the HEC-RAS 2D model in this context and underscores its strengths and limitations. Identified issues include difficulties in modeling water flow and debris-induced bottlenecks. This research points to the improved calibration of sediment movement parameters and the development of advanced computational techniques to enhance scour prediction accuracy in complex environments. This work contributes valuable insights for future research and practical applications in civil engineering, especially where traditional scour mitigation methods, such as apron coverings, are not feasible.
Open Access: Yes
Computational Procedure for Determining the Shear Yield Stress-Shear Deformation Relationship in Magnetorheological Fluids from Anton-Paar Measurement Data
Publication Name: Strojnicky Casopis Journal of Mechanical Engineering
Publication Date: 2024-11-01
Volume: 74
Issue: 2
Page Range: 25-34
Description:
In the past decade, magnetorheological fluids have been applied in various devices. This article focuses on developing a new computational procedure to determine the shear strength-shear strain relationship of magnetorheological fluids from the measurement data obtained by using an Anton-Paar rotational viscometer.
Open Access: Yes
Design of Flat Loop Reactor with Bubble Column Circulation, Algae Growing Equipment
Publication Name: Strojnicky Casopis Journal of Mechanical Engineering
Publication Date: 2024-11-01
Volume: 74
Issue: 2
Page Range: 35-42
Description:
Based on the flow modeling and operational experience of the previous cylindrical loop reactor, we designed a sheet reactor combined with a loop reactor. The design with a cylindrical cross-section was applied to an equivalent cross-section (sheet) of several squares arranged next to each other. In accordance with the sedimentation processes experienced in the outlet branch, we created an algae trap, thereby reducing the flow to the level necessary for sedimentation. With this, I would like to achieve the already experienced, nearly 10-fold increase in algae concentration compared to the one in the mainstream.
Open Access: Yes
