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Found 6341 publications
Impact of using colored pigments on rigid concrete pavements
Publication Name: Aip Conference Proceedings
Publication Date: 2024-06-18
Volume: 2944
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Concrete is one of the leading construction materials known for its strength and durability. However, it is an aesthetically unfriendly and somewhat boring material due to its dull gray color that should be covered or painted. Recently, there has been a growing use of colored concrete materials by adding colored pigments to the mixture. In the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI), there is a need to incorporate full-depth colored concrete into streets and roadways projects, especially for road ramps, cycle lanes, pedestrian crosswalks, sidewalks, and car parking spaces for disabled people, etc. This research aims to manufacture colored concrete pavement that might provide more durable, longer-lasting colored concrete features by adding a suitable pigment amount. This study examined concrete's compressive and tensile strength for M2O grade concrete colored with (0, 3, 5, 7, and 9) percent of red iron oxide pigment. The dosage of added coloring is referenced to the weight of the binder (cement). Test results show that adding color pigment to the concrete does not significantly affect its mechanical properties, and the colored concrete can be used for structural purposes. It is concluded that the optimal dosages of color pigment for the concrete are 5% in the fresh state and 7% in the hardened condition. Finally, using colored concrete in road facilities planning will be a safe, convenient, and economical way to control traffic conflicts.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.1063/5.0204575
Illness perception: A bibliometric study
Publication Name: Heliyon
Publication Date: 2024-06-15
Volume: 10
Issue: 11
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Illness perception is a crucial area of study that has seen significant growth and development over the years. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric and network analysis of illness perception research, capturing its evolution from 1975 to 2023. Utilizing 1813 publications from the Scopus database, authored by 5428 researchers, we identify key scholars and influential articles in the field. Our analysis includes various bibliometric networks such as citation, co-citation, collaboration, and keyword co-occurrence networks, along with the presentation of intellectual structure maps. Major research areas include the role of illness perception in mental health conditions like depression, coping mechanisms, quality of life, and chronic illnesses like diabetes, as well as the influence of lay beliefs on health behaviors, and the impact of illness beliefs on conditions like Myocardial Infarction and stroke. The results show a growing academic interest in understanding how illness perceptions shape healthcare outcomes and behaviors.
Open Access: Yes
Enhancing BIM Integration: A Comparative Analysis of Novel Composite Structure Documentation Methods
Publication Name: Buildings
Publication Date: 2024-06-01
Volume: 14
Issue: 6
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
The proper selection and planning of building materials are crucial tasks in architectural design, as they fundamentally impact the functioning of the structure. In traditional design processes, this information is recorded in text form, typically using word processing software. However, this approach hinders the integration with modern, data-driven design methods and is incompatible with the increasingly popular building information modeling (BIM) processes. To address this, two new methods have been developed: one database-like method in the form of an Excel spreadsheet and the other as a dedicated web application. This article introduces and compares these methods based on pilot projects conducted by university students and an expert. Based on the results of the study conducted among students and expert, the database-like method proves to be the fastest. For students, creating a composite structure took an average of 14–20 min, while for experts, it took an average of 1.2 min. According to the evaluation of participants, the traditional method does not facilitate automatic communication with BIM, while both the database and web solutions promote it. The web-based solution, with its dedicated layout and functionality, offers additional advantages in this regard. The research underscores the importance of structured data in BIM and proposes new methods to streamline composite documentation processes during the design phase.
Open Access: Yes
Some areas where digital forensics can support the addressing of legal challenges linked to forensic genetic genealogy
Publication Name: Forensic Science International Digital Investigation
Publication Date: 2024-06-01
Volume: 49
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Forensic genetic genealogy (FGG), also known as investigative genetic genealogy (IGG), produces investigative leads in criminal cases where unidentified DNA is discovered at the crime scene and does not match any profiles in criminal databases. It works by comparing crime scene DNA samples to public or private genealogical databases to identify potential familial relationships and narrow down suspects or identify unknown individuals. Although the fields of FGG and digital forensics (DF) work with different types of evidence and techniques, and consequently develop independently, they share several common characteristics. This study aims to demonstrate that despite their independent development and differences, the experiences of progress in DF field can be utilized in some respects, especially concerning the protection of the rights of the individuals concerned. The aim of this article is to outline some areas where DF can provide assistance in dealing with ethical and social challenges that FGG must address.
Open Access: Yes
Powdery mildew of ash trees caused by the non-native Erysiphe salmonii in Hungary
Publication Name: Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection
Publication Date: 2024-06-01
Volume: 131
Issue: 3
Page Range: 1093-1097
Description:
Fraxinus ornus and F. excelsior are naturally occurring woodland trees and widely cultivated ornamental plants in Hungary. Leaves with powdery mildew symptoms observed unusually on adaxial side of leaves of F. ornus and F. excelsior were collected from two locations in Hungary. We identified the causing fungi based on their morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Numerous chasmothecia were found on a part of the samples, which were spherical, 83–120 µm in diameter, and the apices of the appendages uncinated or spirally curved. Anamorphs were characterized by conidiophores developing conidia singly, and by hyphae with lobed appressoria, characteristic of Erysiphe spp. The internal transcribed spacer region of the nrDNA was amplified, and the BLAST searches showed 100% similarity with Erysiphe salmonii sequences in GenBank. In the phylogenetic analysis the sequences of the Hungarian samples grouped in one clade with the sequences of other E. salmonii specimens collected in Central and Eastern Europe and Asia. This is the first report of the non-native E. salmonii causing powdery mildew on Fraxinus sp. in Hungary.
Open Access: Yes
Numerical study to investigate the effect of sample size sensitivity on porous materials with respect to different geometrical parameters
Publication Name: Results in Materials
Publication Date: 2024-06-01
Volume: 22
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Porous materials play a crucial role in various industrial applications, where precise determination of geometric parameters like dynamic tortuosity, as well as viscous and thermal characteristic lengths, is essential for optimizing acoustical performance. Up to this point, there has been no published size sensitivity test that recommends the ideal sample size for analyzing these parameters in an industrial environment. The present article analyzes different reconstructed porous material samples using conventional CFD and coupled FEA-CFD simulations and suggests optimal sample size and specific simulation setup optimized for industrial purposes, which grant high accuracy and reasonable computational cost. The present paper analyzed several samples, which were reconstructed by micro-CT and analyzed in Star-CCM+ simulation environment. It was found that the optimal sample size (1.5×1.5×1.5 mm or 2.5×2.5×2.5 mm) is different for specific average pore sizes. It was proven through various numerical simulations based on reconstructed porous material samples that running only one coupled CFD-FEM simulation is satisfactory to directly determine all investigated parameters. It was demonstrated that the computationally demanding numerical model could be simplified in specific cases using a rigid body and highlight the limitations.
Open Access: Yes
Biomechanical Investigation of Lower Limbs during Slope Transformation Running with Different Longitudinal Bending Stiffness Shoes
Publication Name: Sensors
Publication Date: 2024-06-01
Volume: 24
Issue: 12
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Background: During city running or marathon races, shifts in level ground and up-and-down slopes are regularly encountered, resulting in changes in lower limb biomechanics. The longitudinal bending stiffness of the running shoe affects the running performance. Purpose: This research aimed to investigate the biomechanical changes in the lower limbs when transitioning from level ground to an uphill slope under different longitudinal bending stiffness (LBS) levels in running shoes. Methods: Fifteen male amateur runners were recruited and tested while wearing three different LBS running shoes. The participants were asked to pass the force platform with their right foot at a speed of 3.3 m/s ± 0.2. Kinematics data and GRFs were collected synchronously. Each participant completed and recorded ten successful experiments per pair of shoes. Results: The range of motion in the sagittal of the knee joint was reduced with the increase in the longitudinal bending stiffness. Positive work was increased in the sagittal plane of the ankle joint and reduced in the keen joint. The negative work of the knee joint increased in the sagittal plane. The positive work of the metatarsophalangeal joint in the sagittal plane increased. Conclusion: Transitioning from running on a level surface to running uphill, while wearing running shoes with high LBS, could lead to improved efficiency in lower limb function. However, the higher LBS of running shoes increases the energy absorption of the knee joint, potentially increasing the risk of knee injuries. Thus, amateurs should choose running shoes with optimal stiffness when running.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/s24123902
Would really long-only climate-transition strategies in commodities bring lower market risk for sustainable markets in the long run? The Islamic sustainable market versus the global sustainability leaders
Publication Name: Economic Analysis and Policy
Publication Date: 2024-06-01
Volume: 82
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 1271-1295
Description:
By allocating investments towards commodities that align with climate-transition goals, environmentally conscious commodity investment strategies serve to promote and support sustainable markets, channeling capital towards sectors that prioritize environmental sustainability. Through the application of a quantile causality test, which examines the relationship between commodity-based strategies with a climate-transition focus and eco-friendly markets, over the period spanning from May 1, 2013, to May 25, 2023, our findings reveal a bi-directional causality relationship between different themes of sustainable markets and long-only climate-transition strategies in the commodity market across various market conditions. Furthermore, employing a quantile time-frequency connectedness approach allows us to discern that long-only climate-transition strategies in the commodity market exhibit lower long-run total connectedness with responsible and conscious markets compared to the short term. Consequently, these results suggest that transition-oriented strategies for commodities in a climate-conscious world not only mitigate market risk for regenerative markets in the long run but also indicate that different types of global sustainability leaders demonstrate a stronger connectedness with climate-transition strategies in commodities when compared to the Islamic sustainable market across a majority of quantiles and time horizons. In light of these findings, policymakers are urged to prioritize the long-term dimensions of climate-transition strategies in commodity markets by implementing new emission standards and environmental benchmarks. Additionally, the design and implementation of similar long-only climate-transition strategies in other markets would further enhance the long-term effectiveness of climate-conscious markets and foster stronger connections with responsible markets. our study underscores the significance of integrating climate-transition strategies into commodity markets and highlights their role in promoting sustainable and environmentally conscious investment practices. By directing investments towards climate-aligned commodities, policymakers and market participants can contribute to the long-term sustainability of global markets while fostering stronger connections between sustainable markets and climate-transition strategies in commodities.
Open Access: Yes
5G Opportunities in the South Pacific: Leveraging Low-Band Spectrum for Socio-Economic Development
Publication Name: Hightech and Innovation Journal
Publication Date: 2024-06-01
Volume: 5
Issue: 2
Page Range: 508-533
Description:
This paper explores the potential for deployment of 5G communication in the South Pacific, with a particular focus on leveraging the low-band spectrum for socio-economic development. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of deploying 5G infrastructure in the South Pacific region, analyze the socio-economic benefits it may bring, and propose strategies to maximize these benefits. The research methodology includes a comprehensive review of existing literature on 5G deployment strategies, the socio-economic impacts of telecommunications infrastructure, and case studies of similar initiatives in other regions. The findings show that the deployment of 5G technology using low-band spectrum has the potential to significantly improve connectivity, healthcare, education, and economic opportunities in the South Pacific. Additionally, the paper proposes innovative approaches to address challenges such as infrastructure development in remote areas and affordability for marginalized communities. This study contributes to existing literature by providing tailored recommendations for leveraging 5G technology to address socio-economic inequalities in the South Pacific, thereby contributing to the development of telecommunications infrastructure in the region. Provides a new perspective on the possibilities of structure.
Open Access: Yes
