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Found 6341 publications

Simulation of the Water Balance of a Green/Blue Roof Supporting an Ecological Cycle

Melinda Menyhártné Baracskai Ádám Hadas-Rapi Béla Író

Publication Name: Strojnicky Casopis Journal of Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 74

Issue: 1

Page Range: 83-90

Description:

In our article, we set out the inspection of the control shafts of the green or blue roof drainage equipment aim. The height of the water formed on the roof through the differently shaped holes on the devices we want to specify the amount of water flowing through per unit of time. In the first case, the water level is constant, and in the second, the height of the water decreases or increases continuously.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.2478/scjme-2024-0009

Ionic liquid binary mixtures: Machine learning-assisted modeling, solvent tailoring, process design, and optimization

Yang Lei Xiaodong Liang Xinyan Liu Yuqiu Chen Sulei Ma Rafiqul Gani Georgios M. Kontogeorgis

Publication Name: Aiche Journal

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 70

Issue: 5

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This work conducts a comprehensive modeling study on the viscosity, density, heat capacity, and surface tension of ionic liquid (IL)-IL binary mixtures by combining the group contribution (GC) method with three machine learning algorithms: artificial neural network, XGBoost, and LightGBM. A large number of experimental data from reliable open sources is exhaustively collected to train, validate, and test the proposed ML-based GC models. Furthermore, the Shapley Additive Explanations technique is employed to quantify the influential factors behind all the studied properties. Finally, these ML-based GC models are sequentially integrated into computer-aided mixed solvent design, process design, and optimization through an industrial case study of recovering hydrogen from raw coke oven gas. Optimization results demonstrate their high computational efficiency and integrability in solvent and process design, while also highlighting the significant potential of IL-IL binary mixtures in practical applications.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/aic.18392

Area of Interest Tracking Techniques for Driving Scenarios Focusing on Visual Distraction Detection

Péter Földesi György Istenes Viktor Nagy

Publication Name: Applied Sciences Switzerland

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 9

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

On-road driving studies are essential for comprehending real-world driver behavior. This study investigates the use of eye-tracking (ET) technology in research on driver behavior and attention during Controlled Driving Studies (CDS). One significant challenge in these studies is accurately detecting when drivers divert their attention from crucial driving tasks. To tackle this issue, we present an improved method for analyzing raw gaze data, using a new algorithm for identifying ID tags called Binarized Area of Interest Tracking (BAIT). This technique improves the detection of incidents where the driver’s eyes are off the road through binarizing frames under different conditions and iteratively recognizing markers. It represents a significant improvement over traditional methods. The study shows that BAIT performs better than other software in identifying a driver’s focus on the windscreen and dashboard with higher accuracy. This study highlights the potential of our method to enhance the analysis of driver attention in real-world conditions, paving the way for future developments for application in naturalistic driving studies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/app14093838

Energy-growth nexus for ‘Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness Index’ countries: Evidence from new econometric methods

Gagan Deep Sharma Mandeep Mahendru Aviral Tiwari Mansi Gupta Solomon Nathaniel Mansi Gupta

Publication Name: Geoscience Frontiers

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 3

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study explores the connections between renewable energy consumption (REC), non-renewable energy consumption (NREC), gross fixed capital formation (GFCF), the labor force (LF), and economic growth (GDP) in Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness Index (RECAI) countries for 1991–2016. We quantify the nexus between REC, NREC, and GDP while utilizing a production model framework and including the measures of labor and capital, for suggesting a phase-wise strategy to attain the sustainable development goals. We use robust methodologies including Lagrange Multiplier (LM) panel unit root tests with trend shifts, Westerlund cointegration test, LM bootstrap technique for cointegration with breaks, continuously updated fully modified (CUP-FM) and continuously updated bias-corrected (CUP-BC) estimators, Augmented Mean Group (AMG) approach, fully modified ordinary least squares, dynamic ordinary least squares, Canonical Cointegrating Regression (CCR), and panel causality test proposed by Canning & Pedroni. We compute non-parametric time-varying coefficients with fixed effects for seeing the impact of GFCF, LF, REC, and NREC on GDP. Our results press upon policymakers to shift toward clean energy and REC for attaining the environmental goals (SDGs 6, 7, 13, and 15) and the economic goals (SDGs 1, 2, 8, and 10). While this shift would help developed economies, which have already attained the economic goals, to progress on the front of environmental goals, it would enable developing countries to progress on both fronts in a balanced manner.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.gsf.2023.101704

A virtual screening framework based on the binding site selectivity for small molecule drug discovery

Lei Zhang Qilei Liu Xinhao Che Fang Yu Rafiqul Gani

Publication Name: Computers and Chemical Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 184

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Structure-based virtual screening of binding of candidate drug molecules is a topic of increasing interest in the discovery of small molecule drugs. As the same drug molecule may bind to different binding sites on a target protein, the binding site selectivity that is related to the binding tendency of candidate drug molecules to different binding sites after reaching the target protein need to be considered in sufficient details. In this work, a systematic and computer-aided virtual screening framework based on the binding site selectivity to screen candidate drug molecules in terms of their ability to bind on selected sites is presented. The framework integrates two machine learning (ML)-based models to predict the binding potential and binding selectivity to specific binding sites that are important for virtual screening of drug molecules. The details of the ML-based models together with the work-flow of the computer-aided virtual screening methods and the efficient and consistent integration of related drug design tools are presented. The applicability of this virtual screening framework is illustrated through a case study involving the screening for drug molecules as inhibitors to block the binding of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is the target protein. The case study results point to identification of new candidate inhibitors with better binding site selectivity than two known potential inhibitors, Nilotinib and SSAA09E2.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2024.108626

Experiences of a CAEV (Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus) eradication programme in an alpine goat farm

Péter Malik Mátyás Mocskonyi Máté Szakács László Gulyás

Publication Name: Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 146

Issue: 5

Page Range: 259-271

Description:

Background: The CAEV (Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus) together with Maedi visna virus (MVV) are specific pathogen of small ruminants (small ruminant lenti-viruses (SRLV). The clinical signs can be arthritis or mastitis in adults and encephalitis in kids, however, most of the CAEV infections remain subclinical. The viral infection can be lifelong and the animals can become a virus carrier at any time. The most effective way to eradicate the virus is through the selection and culling of infected animals, based on serological results. Objectives: An eradication programme was carried out in a goat herd of 150 does in Tahitótfalu between 2020 and 2023. A routine serological survey revealed that the number of CAEV seropositive animals in the herd was very high, and as the number of animals with clinical symptoms started to increase, an eradication program became advisable. The objective was to lower the rate of seropositive animals, and to keep the herd free from the clinical signs. Materials and Methods: The primary method for screening the animals was the antibody ELISA method. It was sensitive and specific enough to find the seropo-sitive animals in the herd. As an additional method, real-time and conventional PCR methods was used to test blood samples. Results and Discussion: After the initial seropositive results, there were several other test methods in the herd to detect the seropositive animals. In 2020 the percentage of seropositive goats was between 33% and 100%, so an eradication programme was advised to decrease the number of infected animals and to reduce the clinical signs in the herd. As a consequence of the selection-based programme, the rate of seropositive animals was successfully decreased in the herd by the end of 2021 (1-20%). However, due to a prolonged period of immu-nosuppression, the disease started to spread again among the animals during 2022, and the complete eradication could not be achieved. Nevertheless, our experiences show that CAEV eradication programmes can be a useful tool to decrease the clinical consequences of the disease on dairy goat farms.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.56385/magyallorv.2024.05.259-271

Out-of-plane behaviour of imperfect beam-column with sinusoidally corrugated web

G. Hajdú Imre Cserpes

Publication Name: Journal of Constructional Steel Research

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 216

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This paper presents an analytical formula for the second-order normal stresses in flanges of the imperfect I beam-columns with sinusoidal web corrugation. To deduce the analytical expression, the beam is separated into three parts. The flanges are modelled as thin-walled beam-columns and the corrugated web is modelled as a thin equivalent orthotropic plate with uniform thickness. The indispensable elastic critical loads are derived from the total potential strain energy of the imperfect beam-column using an energy method. To assess the accuracy of the proposed analytical formula, full shell finite element models were created in Abaqus software. The result of the benchmark example showed that the derived expression is accurate and applicable for geometrically nonlinear analysis of beam-columns with sinusoidal web corrugation. Based on the proposed analytical expression, the Ayrton-Perry type solutions for corrugated web columns and beams are also presented in this paper.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2024.108615

Impacts of nuclear energy, greener energy, and economic progress on the load capacity factor: What we learn from the leading nuclear power economies?

Laszlo Vasa Shujaat Abbas Umer Shahzad Wei Teng Md Monirul Islam

Publication Name: Geoscience Frontiers

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 3

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The worldwide tremor of environmental degradation commonly represents the escalation of emissions levels and ecological footprints that harm the planet's biocapacity. This is because of using gigantic non-renewable energy resources, urbanization stream and massive economic activities in the major industrialized nations. Amid this situation, we investigate the influence of disaggregated energy measures, e.g., renewable, and nuclear energy, income growth and urbanization on the load capacity factor (biocapacity divided by the ecological footprint) of major nuclear power countries, such as France, the USA, Canada, China, and Russia during 1990–2021. To this end, we utilize the CS-ARDL procedure because of the endogeneity, common correlation, non-stationarity in data and heterogeneity in panel units. We contribute to considering the supply side dynamic of environmental degradation parameter, the load capacity, from the perspective of the top nuclear power nations that deviates our analysis from the prevailing scholarly works. However, our findings confirm a significantly positive impact of renewable and nuclear energy on the load capacity factor in improving environmental safety. Besides, economic growth and urbanization negatively affect the load capacity dynamics in spurring environmental degradation. Our findings are robust across an alternative estimation technique, namely the Dumitrescu and Hurlin (DH) causation analysis. Therefore, we recommend formulating pragmatic policies to deter the detrimental effects of income and urbanization by properly utilizing sustainable energy resources to conserve the natural environment.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.gsf.2023.101739

Harmonic expansion and nonsmooth dynamics in a circular contact region with combined slip-spin motion

Mate Antali

Publication Name: Nonlinear Dynamics

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 112

Issue: 9

Page Range: 6785-6811

Description:

We analyse a rigid body in planar motion while touching a rough plane at a finite-sized, circular contact area. Assuming Coulomb friction between the tangential and normal pressure distributions, the resultant forces and torques can be expressed formally with a nonsmooth dependence on the kinematic variables. In the literature, the exact form of the tangential forces is available for special pressure distributions expressed by transcendent functions; recently, an approximate linear model was introduced. Now, we present a nonlinear extension of the approximation, which can be used effectively to characterise slipping-sticking transitions between the bodies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s11071-024-09462-6