Continuous monitoring with advanced equipment and innovative scientific techniques is essential for timely and perfect maintenance. The interaction and dynamic force between wheel and rail is one of the most widely monitored issues. In this paper's case study of ballasted railway tracks in Iran, a set consisting of two separate strain gauge arrays and three different positions for installing accelerometers were designed according to the conditions. After installation, the system was calibrated with a predetermined passing axle load. The dependency of the arrays' and the equipment's installation location with the velocity of the passing axle load was examined as part of the field study after repeated investigation and comparisons of the setups' results. In order to gather data with the least error and the highest level of accuracy, it was decided on the more appropriate array with less dependence and a better installation position.

Wheel ground borne vibrations, may have a significant impact on human activity and on nearby buildings. In metropolitan cities, metro lines and their development may cause such vibrations. Despite many works and solutions for path and receiver, the excitation source could also have a great effect. Wheel and rail damages are the two sources of vibration which can increase the damage impact by a factor of 5x. Wheel damage would increase dynamic vertical force noticeably and an increase in ground-borne vibration is expected. In this study with the help of finite element modelling, wheel damage including wheel flat, spalling and wheel oval is studied for a slab track and results are discussed. The studied parameters are velocity and wheel damage and their effect on ground-borne vibrations are examined.