A key factor in successful military operations is proper reconnaissance of the theater of operations, which includes mapping transport infrastructures to ensure the accurate location of materials, troops, and supplies. The aim of this research is to facilitate the success of logistical reconnaissance using unmanned aerial vehicles to be able to get more accurate information of the state of transport infrastructure. Rail transportation is well suited to carry out this experiment. As a result of an empirical research, an extended visual checklist is defined, which can be used as a basis for investigating the parameters of the elements of the railway infrastructure, including operation possibilities. The elements of the list have been examined by drones and their effectiveness has also been verified. The three-dimensional (3D) model could be created based on the drone-records, provides information on the condition of the tracks and their surroundings. The drawn conclusions will be used to define general requirements for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles for logistical reconnaissance. The application of the presented methodology can significantly improve the effectiveness of military logistical reconnaissance.

Rail transport is used not only by the civil sector but also by military transportation. This duality makes it crucial to maintain the functionality and security of the system. This research aims to determine the combined impact on maintaining the sector's functionality by analyzing the elements of civil transport safety and military defense security. The result of the research is the definition of a new evaluation index (RDSI) as a synthesis of the security and security factors, which can consider transport safety and defense security requirements. The calculated value of the index provides an idea of the civil safety and military security improvements needed on a railway line, thus increasing the level of protection and resilience of a country. Further use of the index can help to identify weak points of the rail transport system, give an idea of the protective utility of a railway line, find bypasses, and improve the impact of climate change on rail transport. The effectiveness of the index is demonstrated through a case analysis.

This study deals with sustainability issues in transport, focusing on rail and air transport. The background to the research is the need to reduce the carbon footprint of transport, which includes prioritising rail. The current developments in the world: the rise of climate protection and sustainability, increasingly environmentally conscious lifestyles, and the growing media attention on these issues (including Greta Thunberg's activity) suggest that long-distance environmental friendly vehicles like overnight rail passenger trains is likely more to use in Europe. This makes it necessary to improve the rail services. However, previous studies have dealt separately with the environmental issues and the railway development. That is why the scope of the research is to link these two separate topics. In order to achieve the future objectives of the (night) rail market, it is necessary to define what can be meant by rail sustainability, so that the environmental friendliness of this transport mode can be clearly expressed to the public. Therefore, the aim of this research is to determine the relationship between the less polluting rail sub-sector and sustainability by analysing night rail travel compared to short-haul air travel. As a result, the definition of sustainability in rail transport and a case study with the practice of product design methodologies that increase the role of the railway are presented. With the rise of the (night) rail transport, fewer flights will be needed.