Anett Bedő

58854955700

Publications - 5

Investigation of the Effects of Biodegradable and Compostable Polymers as Sources of Microplastics on the Water-Soil Continuum: A Review

Gergely Zoltán Macher Dalma Bódizs Kornélia Horváth Anett Bedő

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 307-312

Description:

The amount of research and publications related to microplastic pollution has been steadily increasing in recent years, but at the same time, our current knowledge on the topic is still based on occasional point measurements. As a result of these point measurements, it becomes obvious that new research areas and disciplines are also connected to the topic of microplastics. Various biotic and abiotic processes can cause microplastics to enter the environment and spread within it. All of these mechanisms can arise from the moisture conditions of the tested medium, temperature differences, or even from the decomposing and transforming activities of microorganisms. The rise of biodegradable and compostable plastic bags can also be considered a source of this kind since polymer products labelled as environmentally friendly can be identified as secondary sources during their decomposition processes. Therefore, both industrial and household compost can contain microscopic polymer residues, the application of which involves a potential risk of environmental pollution. In recent years, several international studies have dealt with various aspects of the degradation of these products, including the use of problems caused by residual microplastics and their environmental effects. The focus of our paper is not on the development of a new scientific methodology but a summary of the current situation formed through research results dealing with the current environmental safety and environmental health risks of microplastic pollution caused by biodegradable polymers.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107052

The Effect of the Dam-building Activity of the Eurasian Beaver (Castor fiber) on Changes in the Soil Moisture Conditions and Vegetation Associations of the Beaver Meadows in the Valley of Ablánc-stream

Gergely Zoltán Macher Dalma Bódizs Anett Bedő

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 319-324

Description:

Nowadays, more information is available about the activities of the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) as an ecosystem engineer species and the resulting ecosystem services. The environment-shaping activity of beavers not only affects the bed conditions of a given body of water but also affects the degree of diversity of the vegetation and fauna surrounding it. The research published in connection with this topic has only in recent years begun to deal more intensively with the condition characterisation and function analysis of the flooded areas under constant beaver influence, called beaver meadows. The focus of this paper is the investigation of beaver meadows directly connected to the dam system consisting of 19 beaver dams located along the Ablánc stream. The research examines the effect of the activity of the beaver colony, which has been continuously monitored for almost two years, on the soil moisture conditions of the beaver meadows in the Natura 2000 nature conservation area and to what extent this is reflected in the characteristics of the plant community. The focus of the analysis is the vertical distribution of soil moisture in the upper soil layer. During the vegetation mapping, 10 squares were designated to determine plant community parameters. High soil moisture values were detected in the examined quadrates, which varied between 39.0 φ% and a maximum of 50.0 φ%. A significant number of taxa could be identified - such as Myosoton aquaticum and Petasites hybridus - whose primary ecological requirements are a permanent wet environment and continuous water impact.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107054

The Potential for Analyzing the Correlation Between the Compressive Stress Resistance of Red Clover Seeds and the Environmental Conditions during Seed Maturation Using FT-IR Spectroscopy

Eszter Kókai Gergely Zoltán Macher Dalma Bódizs Anett Bedő Marcell Lócsi Szilveszter Gergely

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 715-720

Description:

The paper aims to examine the connection between environmental conditions during seed maturation and the ability of seeds to compressive stress, supported by statistically significant findings. The study involves using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic analysis on red clover seeds under varying pressure levels, specific tensions, and selected quality parameters. The methodology relies on a general FT-IR spectroscopic approach, with spectral comparisons made against results from pressure-induced rupture. Through this research, new methods for seed testing are intended to be informed by differential and correlation results across technical parameters and different measurement settings. The analyses indicated a noticeable difference of several 10 N in visible features between seed maturation stages and compressive tolerance. Given the novelty of the aspects being explored, one primary influencing factor is identified as the scarcity of available literature, which also serves as a limitation of this research. The obtained results have potential applications for analysts, agricultural specialists, consultants, and experts involved in seed management and distribution.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114120

Comparative Assessment of Carbon Capture Processes from the Perspective of Selection Criteria

András Torma Judit Pécsinger Anett Bedő Géza Köteles

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 121

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 121-126

Description:

The Paris Agreement of 2015 aims to keep the global average temperature increase below 2 °C above preindustrial levels and to limit warming to 1.5 °C if possible. The European Union has set ambitious targets (-55 % by 2030 and Net-Zero by 2050) to support the European Green Deal (EGD). To reach the goals by the deadlines, extensive pre- and post-source measures are necessary. This article focuses on post-source measures and seeks to identify, quantify, and evaluate the selection criteria of the applicability of carbon capture techniques. The specific energy demand (theoretical minimum work required to separate CO2 from a gaseous mixture) of a capture process can be derived from the first and second laws of thermodynamics. There are, however, other factors that can significantly influence the decision-making process for carbon capture from a given polluting source. The first criterion group is related to the 2nd law efficiency, i.e., the proportionality between theoretical minimum work and real energy demand that can be achieved in practice, while the second group covers the specific separation cost as a primary economic parameter. The research gives comprehensive insights into the different carbon capture methodologies and analyses their dependency on CO2 concentration, the presence of impurities, and operational conditions such as temperature and pressure. Based on the analysis outcomes, selection criteria are proposed to help match mature technologies (TRL 7–9) to specific gas compositions and industrial applications, primarily for process gases from power plants, chemical industries, and cement production, supporting more efficient and context-dependent implementation and the green transition.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET25121021

Microplastic pollution in the Szigetköz section of the Danube: sources, composition and FTIR-based quantification

K. Kozma András Torma A. Zseni Gábor Bordós Eszter Kókai Bence Prikler Gergely Zoltán Macher Anett Bedő

Publication Name: Environmental Systems Research

Publication Date: 2026-12-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Microplastic (MP) pollution in river systems has become an increasing environmental concern, particularly in transboundary rivers such as the Danube. This study provides the first detailed assessment of microplastic contamination in the Szigetköz section of the Danube and its major tributary, the Mosoni-Danube. Depth-resolved pumped water samples were collected at three locations (Rajka, Mecsér and Gönyű) and analysed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with automated spectral evaluation. MP concentrations showed a clear downstream increase, with average values of 83.8 particles/m³ at Rajka, 237.6 particles/m³ in the Mosoni-Danube at Mecsér, and 795.9 particles/m³ at Gönyű. Polyethylene (PE) was the dominant polymer in the tributary (70.6%), whereas both PE and alkyd resins were prevalent at the main Danube sites (Rajka: alkyd 37.7%, PE 31.8%; Gönyű: alkyd 39.9%, PE 37.3%). Particle size distribution also shifted downstream, with a higher proportion of smaller (50–100 μm) particles detected at Gönyű compared to upstream sites. The results suggest that the tributary may represent an important input to the main Danube channel in this section, while differences in polymer composition point to varying source characteristics within the study area. These findings provide an important baseline for future monitoring and support the development of targeted mitigation strategies in this transboundary river system.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1186/s40068-026-00473-3