Increasing traffic volumes leads to changes in traffic conditions, especially at intersections. These changes affect the ability of Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs) such as pedestrians and bicyclists to cross the road safely, especially at un-signalized crossings (without traffic lights), where many road users are conflicting at the same point of the road and neglecting 'in some cases' the priority issue. Although the emphasis on pedestrian safety has recently increased, there is still a need to analyze the causal factors of VRUs accidents and define their relationship to road design characteristics. This paper presents a study bout vehicle – pedestrian and bicyclist conflicts analysis using Swedish conflict technique at three un-signalized pedestrian crossings in the city of Győr-Hungary, where some pedestrian accidents were happened between 2014 and 2018, and reported based on accidents database in Hungary. The aim is to analyse vehicle-pedestrian and bicyclist interactions, and evaluate the severity of conflicts with the help of the Swedish technique graph. The findings concluded that there is a compatibility between Swedish conflict technique and accident records with regard to conflicts severity and the probability of accidents occurrence.

An alternative to traffic safety analysis based on historical crash data the use of non-crash events is becoming more popular thanks to the rapid improvement in video-based vehicle trajectory processing. By means of Surrogate Measures of Safety (SMoS) in traffic conflict studies, the most critical elements on the road network can be identified and the probability of accidents can be proactively determined. This paper aims to summarize the state-of-the-art research regarding the analysis of pedestrian-vehicle interactions at unsignalized crossings, to synthetize the previous studies using Surrogate Measures of Safety (SMoS), and to identify the research gaps.

Walking is the most sustainable transportation mode, while pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users. Understanding the nature of their interactions with vehicles, particularly at unsignalized crossings, is critical to improving road safety. Due to advances in video-based vehicle trajectory processing, road safety analysis methods have evolved significantly, and there is an increasing preference for the use of Surrogate Measures of Safety (SMoS) to describe the road safety situation at a given location. There is a lack of such studies for pedestrian-vehicle interactions. The aim of this paper is to fill this gap and present preliminary results derived from video recordings at an unsignalized pedestrian crossing in Győr, Hungary. Post-encroachment time (PET) as a SMoS was generated using an automated road safety analysis software, TrafxSAFE, a product of Transoft Solutions. 594 videos (of approximately 85 h and 48 min) were analyzed in this study. It is concluded that there are differences in the probability of conflicts depending on the direction from which the pedestrian and the vehicle approach the crossing. Conflicts where pedestrians and vehicles approach the crossing in the same lane are slightly more likely to occur, as there is less time for the road users to take evasive action.