Balázs Pálvölgyi

59273330300

Publications - 7

Parallels and patterns in the Italian (1901) and Hungarian (1903) legislation on migration

Balázs Pálvölgyi

Publication Name: Comparative Legal History

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 12

Issue: 1

Page Range: 51-79

Description:

The second half of the nineteenth century was an era of mass labour migration in Europe, when the Atlantic route became of paramount importance alongside intra-continental mobility. From the last third of the century Italy and Hungary were among the most important emigrating countries. By this time changes in the regulation of migration had begun to take place with the development of stronger state control, which affected mobility and the relationship between emigrants and transporters. The question also arose as to whether and how the large emigrating states could ensure the loyalty of their emigrant citizens and control them en route and in the destination states. The regulatory process which began in the 1880s gradually moved from an administrative approach to the development of more comprehensive legal sources covering more and more aspects of emigration with the Hungarian government making use of foreign solutions, particularly the Italian Emigration Act of 1901.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/2049677X.2024.2349852

Hungarian migrant communities decoupling from the old country in the United States -s

Balázs Pálvölgyi

Publication Name: Diasporas

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: 31

Page Range: 51-64

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.4000/diasporas.1113

Benefits of lethal pandemics: Direct impact of contagious diseases on public administration in Hungary (1867-1914)

Balázs Pálvölgyi

Publication Name: Amha Acta Medico Historica Adriatica

Publication Date: 2013-02-01

Volume: 11

Issue: 2

Page Range: 213-222

Description:

The reconciliation of 1867 between Austria and Hungary brought great changes to Hungarian public administration: the way towards the building up of a modern public administration had been opened. Although there was a functioning public health system and a related legislation from the late 18th century, major issues - such as balanced geographical distribution of medical personnel, fair access to medical services even in the poorer regions of the country, and the effective protection against some contagious diseases - were not resolved for decades. During the reform work of public administration since the 1870s, the lawmakers touched repeatedly the framework and functioning of the public health as well. Although the general conditions of the domain depended traditionally on the municipalities and counties due to the national importance of the matter, the government made efforts to make the functioning of the public health more efficient through centralisation. The contagious diseases continuously endangered the population, revealing the weak points in the existing public health system, thereby giving a momentum to the reforms and helping the government in its organization of prevention and clearly contributing to the legislation work.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Organizing the prevention of trachoma in Hungary (1884-1903)

Balázs Pálvölgyi

Publication Name: Orvostorteneti Kozlemenyek

Publication Date: 2008-01-01

Volume: 54

Issue: 1-4

Page Range: 47-68

Description:

In Hungary preventative measures against trachoma began in the winter of 1883-1884. Initially based on the recently issued public health law, it was imbedded in a general prevention programme against various epidemics. Local authorities and municipal boards were made responsible for carrying it out. These authorities and boards were obliged to organize supervision, to establish medical offices and ophthalmological wards and to take charge of the continuity of treatments. The public health department, however, faced serious difficulties, since most of the communities did not have the financial resources for such provision nor did they have enough trained physicians. Since the spread of trachoma could not be stopped by these measures, a new and effective solution had to be found. A new article was created for this purpose, the so called fifth article of the year 1886 "On preventing the spread of trachoma", which placed the burden of expenses for treatment - in case of lack of means - on the state budget. The government set up specialized professional training and the ophthalmological hospital system became specialized and modernised with the establishment of special trachoma hospitals, or--in public hospitals--ophthalmological wards. Although the first preventative measures were taken during the period mentioned above, the disease itself persisted, still occurring in large numbers of cases as late as the end of the Second World War.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Natural disaster as a means of nationalising public administration: the consequences of a flood in 1879

Balázs Pálvölgyi

Publication Name: Rechtskultur

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 467-482

Description:

After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and the restoration of constitutionalism, the government had to resolve not only the day-to-day tasks but also the question of the role of the state, the scope for government and the role of self-government in the civil transformation. The modernisation agenda of the civic transition presupposed the development of a modern public administration, marked by the aim of ‘nationalising’, i.e. centralising public administration. The flood disaster of 1879, which devastated the city of Szeged, was a great help to Prime Minister Kálmán Tisza in achieving these goals. By shelving the institutions of county and city self-government and reconstruction after the disaster through a royal commissioner, the position of the defenders of self-government became practically comparable with the aims of the government that wanted to create a modern administration.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Mirages and Illusions: The Prospects of Hungarian Imperial Ambitions during the Era of Dualism (1867–1918)

Balázs Pálvölgyi

Publication Name: Journal on European History of Law

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 2

Page Range: 69-78

Description:

Although the Hungarian political elite recognized that it is the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy which provided the country with a position of great power, from the 1890 s onwards there was a noticeable increase in independent Hungarian expansionist efforts. Among the complex reasons for this were the results of the Hungarian state’s modernization program, the economic development, and the emergence of a new elite of officials and politicians who had been socialised in the institutional system of Dualism, were au fait with the system, and were able to use it. The strengthening of Hungarian positions and the search for opportunities to assert the country’s interests within the common institutional system of Austria-Hungary, a series of economic policy measures, efforts to gain ground economically, mainly in the south-east, and, to a certain extent and in certain points, the goal of creating a Hungarian nation state emerged as means of achieving expansionist goals. Although the political elite could rightly feel that the country’s room for manoeuvre, weight, and ability to assert its interests within the Monarchy had increased, giving rise to a certain optimism, this proved to be a kind of optical illusion. It is true that Hungary’s clout within the Monarchy had increased, but the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy was steadily losing its importance compared to the other great powers, so the Hungarian elite could formulate its ambitious goals as a strengthening element of a weakening Empire.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Annex 1: The Age of Empires – Trends in the Development of Europe and Its Empires in the Mirror of a Hundred Years (1814 –1914) – Preface to a Thematic Conference Research and its Studies

Balázs Pálvölgyi Attila Barna

Publication Name: Journal on European History of Law

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 2

Page Range: 49

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available