The MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) fourth-grade nanofluid flow consisting of aluminum alloys (Ti6Al4V) nanoparticles over a Riga plate is studied. The study of fourth-grade fluids (FGFs) improves the capacity to design systems and procedures for a variety of industries, ultimately promoting performance and the durability of the product. Ti6Al4V nanoparticles (NPs) are dissolved in water to prepare the nanofluid. The FGF flow has been analyzed under the impacts of Arrhenius activation energy, heat source/sink, and chemical reaction. The modeled equations (momentum, energy, and fluid concentration equations) are reformed into dimension-free form through similarity conversion. The transform set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is numerically solved by using the parametric continuation method (PCM). For accuracy of the results, the outcomes are compared to the published work. The error between the present results and the published study is -0.00028% at M = 5.0 (magnetic parameter), which ensures that the proposed methodology and model are accurate and reliable. From the graphic results, it has been noticed that the velocity field improves with the influence of fourth-grade fluid parameter, cross-viscous coefficient, and third-grade fluid parameter. The thermal profile of NF boosts with the variation in heat source parameters and the rising number of Ti6Al4V-NPs.

Buoyancy-driven viscous fluid flow across a curved surface is investigated numerically in this work using the coupled Maxwell and Navier–Stokes equations, with variable fluid characteristics represented as nonlinear functions of temperature. Realistic magneto-hydrodynamic effects are captured by including the Lorentz force and the influence of a fluctuating magnetic field in curvilinear coordinates. The governing partial differential equations are solved using the parametric continuation method (PCM) after being converted into a system of ordinary differential equations by similarity transformations. Results demonstrate excellent agreement when compared to previously published data using MATLAB's PCM solver to confirm correctness. According to the parametric study, buoyancy ((Formula presented.)) improves fluid motion by around 15%, whereas greater curvature factors (Formula presented.), Stuart numbers (Formula presented.), and Prandtl numbers (Formula presented.) result in a 12%–16% drop in radial and arc-length velocities. The temperature profile falls by more than 23% as (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) increase, indicating the significance of thermal diffusivity in preventing heat buildup. It increases by 25% with higher magnetic interaction ((Formula presented.), (Formula presented.)). The induced magnetic field is strengthened by 6%–7% with a little increase in the magnetic interaction parameter (Formula presented.), whereas the magnetic field intensity is reduced by about 25% with a larger (Formula presented.). Skin friction falls by almost 10% with greater (Formula presented.) at moderate (Formula presented.), but increases by 4% under larger Lorentz forces ((Formula presented.), (Formula presented.)). Overall, the results show that velocity, temperature, magnetic field distribution and surface forces are strongly influenced by buoyancy, curvature and electromagnetic parameters. The findings shed light on efficient energy optimisation, thermal control, and electromagnetic regulation of MHD flows over curved geometries.

The Riga plate is a magnetized surface that influences fluid motion and boundary layer properties. It plays an important role in heat transfer, industrial processes, and aerodynamics. This study investigates the unsteady flow of a micropolar hybrid nanofluid (MHNF) over a Riga plate. The base-fluid sodium alginate (SA) has been used in the preparation of a hybrid nanofluid (HNF) consisting of CeO2 (cerium oxide) and Al2O3 (aluminum oxide) nanoparticles (NPs). The modeled equations are transformed into a dimensionless form via similarity transformations, and the resulting equations are then numerically solved using the PCM (parametric continuation method). The influence of numerous parameters on velocity, microrotation, energy, and fluid concentration profiles is demonstrated and explained using tables and figures. Results for skin friction, energy, and mass transmission rate are also provided. Comparisons to the published data corroborate the method’s accuracy. The skin friction reduces by up to 95.1263% and 34.4699%, respectively, as the velocity slip factor and the Hartmann number are varied from 0.1 to 1.0 and 1.0 to 4.0, respectively. The energy and fluid concentration transfer rates increase by up to 21.1823% and 32.4299%, respectively, as the thermal and concentration slip parameters are varied from 0.1 to 1.4 and 0.5 to 2.0, respectively. These findings have substantial significance for a wide range of engineering applications, particularly in improving heat and mass transfer processes in industrial operations, engineering, and nanotechnology.