In this paper we intend to show in some great medieval works that are indeed or very likely linked to St Stephen's court the central role of the number-archetype 137 organizing "fine structures", together with quaternary and denary proto-Kabbalistic "systems", as a possible primordial image and "model" of the quantum-physical fine structure. This is associated with the four quantum-numbers and the fine structure constant (FSC) concept, in the sense that Jung and Pauli discussed similar problems upon the scientific and spiritual history of the Western Thought.