Optimal harmonics prediction for distribution systems powered by multi-energy sources using bidirectional long-short term memory combined with data sequence

Publication Name: Applied Soft Computing

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 184

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

A multi-energy resource aims to maintain a balance between energy output and load consumption and to ensure power continuity during different operating conditions. The harmonic distortions can be estimated from the output current of a harmonic source, which may not fully reflect its true harmonic distortions due to the interactions between the state changes at the power network level and the harmonic sources. System operators monitor each system's harmonic performance under different conditions of operation to find the actual contribution of grid-connected systems to harmonic-related issues. Development of machine learning algorithms leads to effective progress in the harmonic prediction and computation. In this paper, the combined data sequencing, and Bidirectional Long-Short Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) network has been exploited for the real-time harmonic prediction of future events in multi-energy sources. The validity of the proposed Model including the applications of ANFIS, ANNs, MLRA and LSTM is conducted on the two standard systems as IEEE 9-bus and IEEE 34-bus multi energy resources system that is associated with PV systems. The simulation results, based on climate changes of solar irradiance and ambient temperature in PV systems, demonstrate that the proposed methods can accurately forecast changes in total harmonic distortion (THD) as well as the voltage profile at the point of common coupling. The performance of Bi-LSTM, original LSTM, Machine Linear Regression (MLR), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) techniques were assessed. These findings provide valuable insights. Four performance validation indices, RMSE, R-squared and MSE are considered to assess the performance of the competitive learning algorithms. The results showed that in the model IEEE 9-bus, Bi-LSTM outperformed all the applied methods as its RMSE value was 0.000019 while its MSE value was 3.61e-10 and finally, the Bi-LSTM had a higher value squared error (R2) was equal 1 which indicates the effectiveness of Bi-LSTM for predicting sequential total harmonic distortion. On the other hand, in case study of IEEE 34-bus, the RMSE, MSE and R2 are 0, 3.276e-30 and 1 using Bi-LSTM which means that the Bi-LSTM leads to the best performance validation indices compared to other competitive algorithms for the tested multi-energy systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.asoc.2025.113799

Authors - 3