This study presents a comprehensive framework for assessing and prioritizing risks associated with railway tunnels, focusing on the Tehran-North railway in Iran. By integrating fuzzy Failure Modes and Effects Analysis with fuzzy Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to the Compromise Solution and fuzzy Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation methodologies, the research provides a robust multi-criteria approach to evaluate key risk factors such as seismic hazards, water ingress, and structural deformations. The analysis emphasized proactive mitigation strategies like seismic retrofitting and advanced monitoring systems, identifying tunnels at 243, 236, and 260 km as high priorities due to significant accident records. Additionally, tunnels at lower elevations were particularly vulnerable to flooding, landslides, and seismic hazards. This research enhances infrastructure risk management by offering actionable insights for resource allocation and retrofitting strategies while setting a foundation for real-time monitoring and artificial intelligence-driven models.