Introduction: Despite the fact that Hungarian school healthcare has a history dating back 140 years, no comprehensive study has yet been conducted to analyze the historical development and impact of system, particularly the institutionalization of the role of health visitors in educational institutions and the development of cooperation between school doctors and health visitors. Objective: 1) To explore the historical development of school health services and the takes of school doctors, 2) to analyze the involvement and role of public health visitors in school healthcare, 3) to examine the role of cooperating professionals (doctors, public health visitors, and other professionals present today), 4) to explore the challenges that determine current operations. Method: We studied the relevant legislation, professional regulations, and literature through research, and carried out systematic and analytical work. Results: The role of school doctors shifted from monitoring and epidemic control to preventive care and health promotion tasks. The development of school healthcare is linked to the name of József Fodor, who laid the foundations for the regular health monitoring of school-age children by introducing a public health approach. Health visitors gradually became involved in healthcare within the legal framework, and their role became increasingly important in the areas of prevention, care, and health education. Discussion: Health visitors initially appeared as professionals supporting the work of doctors. Today, this cooperation extends to all areas of health visitors’ professional activities and plays a fundamental role in the effective functioning of school healthcare. Conclusion: The cooperation between school doctors and public health visitors is one of the cornerstones of Hungarian school healthcare and plays a key role in maintaining children’s health, prevention, and health promotion. Orv Hetil. 2026; 167(19): 753–764.