Regional inequality nowadays represents a big issue when it comes to economic and social growth. This inequality is present in internal migration patterns and in income distribution as well. In order to be able to find the relationships between these variables and to investigate how do they or whether they affect regional disparities, this paper uses a systematic literature review (SLR). This research examines 101 papers published between 2014 and 2024. The methodology of the paper is PRISMA and PEO frameworks, with these methods, the scientific papers are researched in a transparent and reproducible manner. The results show that regional disparities are mostly researched in a quantitative way, using mostly economic and demographic data. Next to this, most of the papers conclude that there is a need for a better policy intervention from the government’s side. This study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by identifying gaps in current research and suggesting pathways for future inquiry.