Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly becoming a strategic driver of competitiveness in supply chain management (SCM), enhancing flexibility, efficiency, and responsiveness. However, successful adoption depends not only on technology but also on managerial attitudes and organizational culture. Understanding this behavioral dimension is essential in explaining how leadership influences AI-driven adaptability and resilience. This study develops a conceptual, interdisciplinary framework linking management theory, organizational psychology, and SCM to examine how leadership styles—particularly servant, transactional, and transformational—shape AI integration and adaptability. The proposed triadic model identifies managerial attitudes, AI-supported decision-making, and information sharing as key behavioral and technological enablers of supply chain flexibility. Findings highlight that innovation-oriented leadership and strong information-sharing cultures accelerate AI adoption and strengthen adaptive capacity, while hierarchical, risk-averse attitudes constrain its impact. The study contributes to a behavioral perspective of SCM, showing that flexibility in AI-enabled supply chains results from the interaction between human and artificial intelligence.