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Found 6289 publications

Strategic decision support in waste management systems by state reduction in FCM models

Miklós F. Hatwágner Peter Foldesi Adrienn Buruzs L. T. Kóczy

Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: 8836

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 447-457

Description:

In this paper, we introduce a new design for modeling sustainable waste management systems. By its complexity, this model is much more precise in describing the real systems than those found in the relevant literature. We set up a model with six factors and then decomposed the constituting factors up to around thirty subcomponents, thereby established an extremely complex and completely novel model of the Integrated Waste Management System (IWMS) using the system-of-system (SoS) approach with the help of experts. After the investigation of the basic and detailed model and their connection matrices, the following idea arises. The two models differ conceptually and so greatly that less than thirty-three factors should be enough to approximately describe the mechanism of action of the real IWMS. In the following, a new state reduction method is proposed. It can be considered as a generalization of the state reduction procedure of sequential systems and finite state machines. The essence of the proposal is to create clusters of factors and to build a new model using these clusters as factors. This way the number of factors can be decreased to make the model easier to understand and use. Our main goal with this method is to support the strategic decision making process of the stakeholder in order to ensure the long-term sustainability of IWMS.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-12643-2_55

The concept of 'union interest' in EU external trade law

Balázs Horváthy

Publication Name: Acta Juridica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: 55

Issue: 3

Page Range: 261-276

Description:

The category of 'Union interest' plays a specific role in EU common commercial policy. Its signifi cance is especially substantial in the fi eld of trade defence instruments. Even though trade defence instruments refl ect on international trade distortions, their main objective is to protect European industries and other economic operators against the injurious practices of competitors from third countries, the imposition of restrictive trade measures might not only offer advantages to the affected EU industries, but also disadvantages to other actors in the European Union. Consequently, the Union interest test makes sure the other side of the coin is looked at and the European Union is prevented from imposing trade defence instruments, when the negative impacts on certain interested actors are clearly disproportionate to the positive impacts the trade defence measure might have on the protected EU industries. The current paper is focusing on the nature and character of the 'Union interest'. The paper starts by defi ning some basic concepts regarding the EU interests in EU law, examines the nature of 'Union interest' in the trade defence procedures, and then attempts to reflect on the new trade enforcement regulation and the EU general trade interests.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/AJur.55.2014.3.3

A virtual audio environment for testing dummy-head HRTFs modeling real life situations

József Répás György Wersényi

Publication Name: Proceedings of Forum Acusticum

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: 2014-January

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Virtual audio simulators usually incorporate HRTF filtering and headphone playback. The most important parameters for simulation include accuracy and spatial resolution of the applied HRTFs, setting the individual parameters (customization) and further signals processing algorithms in order to equalize the headphone or tracking head movements. This paper presents a custom built MATLAB-based virtual audio environment for listening tests using various dummy-head HRTFs, ITD setting methods, headphone equalization etc. Furthermore, first results from a listening test for comparison of HRTFs recorded with a manikin wearing hair or glasses are also presented.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

On the asymptotic behavior of spatially implicit models of competition of two species with overcolonization

Éva V.P. Rácz Irma Szimjanovszki János Karsai

Publication Name: Dynamic Systems and Applications

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: 23

Issue: 4

Page Range: 677-690

Description:

We consider patch-based population dynamics, called metapopulations, and investigate the spread of two species and their competition for habitat areas. Let 0 ≤ p1,p2 denote the proportion (density) of the areas occupied by the species 1 and 2, respectively. Obviously, 0 ≤ p1 + p2 ≤ 1. Both species can locally extinct and colonize empty patches or patches occupied by the other with different rates. Hence the model is P1′ = κ1P1 (1 - P1 - P2) - e1p1p2-C1P1P2 - C2P1P2 P2′ = κ1P1 (1 - P1 - P2) - e1p1p2-C1P1P2 - C2P1P2 where ej are the extinction rates, κ1 are the rates of colonization of empty patches, and species "i" overcolonize "j" with the rate c1(i,j=1,2; i≠j) We investigate the asymptotic stability properties of the equilibria of such systems and we give a complete characterization of the parameter space. We prove that there can appear a globally asymptotically stable coexisting equilibrium. On the other hand, this equilibrium can become unstable and then the exclusive equilibria are only locally asymptotically stable. We have also developed dynamic applications in Wolfram Mathematica to illustrate our results.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Computational simulation of mesopic vision based on camera recordings

Gábor Dömötör András Horváth

Publication Name: Light and Engineering

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: 22

Issue: 1

Page Range: 61-67

Description:

Understanding mesopic vision is one of the hottest topics in lighting engineering [1]. The high importance of the field comes from the wide variety of the applications such as driving and other outdoor activities are performed in mesopic conditions at night. Therefore, it is extremely important to calculate the visibility of different objects in such conditions. In this paper, we present the algorithm and the first results of software, which is able to simulate the behaviour of human retina in scotopic, mesopic and photopic ranges, calculates the direction-dependent acuity. Our aim was to produce a practical tool to examine real-time situations. Therefore, classical camera recordings are used as input, which limits the accuracy but extends the range of applications.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Improving the accuracy of a fuzzy-based single-stroke character recognizer by antecedent weighting

A. Tormási L. T. Kóczy

Publication Name: Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: 317

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 165-179

Description:

In this chapter we present an improved version of the fuzzy based single-stroke character recognizer introduced in previous works. The modified recognition method is able to reach higher accuracy in the character recognition without any significant effect on the computational complexity of the algorithm. Different fuzzy rule and antecedent weighting techniques were successfully used to improve the efficiency of fuzzy systems especially in classification problems. The altered recognizer reached 99.49 % average recognition rate with 26 different single-stroke symbols (based on Palm’s Graffiti alphabet) without learning userspecific parameters or modifying the rule-base. The new algorithm has the same computational complexity as the original system does.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-06323-2_11

Plastic limit analysis of lateral piles for uncertain conditions

Z. Fehér Majid Movahedi Rad

Publication Name: Civil Comp Proceedings

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: 106

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In the study, presented in this paper, a general approach to the reliability based limit analysis of laterally loaded piles is presented. In engineering practice uncertainties play a very important role. The aim of this study is to evaluate the lateral load capacity of a long pile when plastic limit analysis is considered. In addition to the plastic limit analysis to control the plastic behaviour of the structure, a bound on the complementary strain energy of the residual forces is also applied. This bound has a significant effect for the load parameter. The solution to reliability-based problems is obtained by a computer program which is governed by the reliability index calculation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Hierarchical robust control for in-wheel motor vehicles

Timea Fülep Péter Gáspár Andras Mihaly Zoltán Szabó Ferenc Szauter József Bokor

Publication Name: Proceedings of the Mini Conference on Vehicle System Dynamics Identification and Anomalies

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: 2014-January

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 71-81

Description:

The paper proposes the design of an integrated vehicle control system for in-wheel electric vehicle, which is able to track road geometry with a predefined reference velocity. In the design the lateral and longitudinal dynamics are combined using the in-wheel motors and the steering system. The design methodology of the hierarchical control is proposed. The required control signals are calculated by applying high-level controllers, which are designed using a robust control method. For the control design the model is augmented with weighting functions specified by the performance demands. The actuators generating the necessary control signals in order to achieve the requirements for which low-level tracking controllers are designed.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

NFC applications in the tracking systems

Tamás Hartványi Csaba I. Hencz

Publication Name: International Conference on Industrial Logistics Icil 2014 Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 135-142

Description:

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and a Near Field Communication (NFC) is an automatic identification method, relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using devices different devices. An RFID tag and NFC devices is a small object that contains an antenna that enables it to receive and respond to radio-frequency. Basic requirements that these devices have to work in any conditions. In the working environment (closed or open air) there are always objects which can interact with radio frequency. This technical problem is to be considered when it comes to implementation of RFID or NFC devices knowing that materials can reflect, absorb or detune radio waves. In our paper we describe a system where NFC is applied. Many economic and technological questions arise by the implementation and usage. Copyright © FSB, Zagreb, Croatia, 2014.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available