Renáta Pidl

57200385668

Publications - 8

Creep behaviour of day-old chicken corrugated paperboard packaging under different uniaxial compression loads—An experimental study

Péter Böröcz Renáta Pidl Lajos Fehér

Publication Name: Packaging Technology and Science

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 37

Issue: 1

Page Range: 51-63

Description:

One of the most important elements for animal transportation is the packaging that ensures the safety and health of the transit. During the transport of live small animals, such as day-old chickens, the animals may only stay in the boxes for a very limited period, in this case, 48 h. Therefore, it is important to be able to model the strength behaviour of these boxes concerning packaging material requirements and sustainability. The aim of this study was to determine the short- and relatively long-term strength of day-old chicken packages to better estimate packaging design and to use these data to establish an analytical creep model with suitable parameters that adequately approximate the measured data. Two types of packages were tested, and two types of creep models were used to model the creep strain-time graphs. The creep behaviour of the two samples was tested at four different uniaxial load cases, with consistent environmental conditions during the tests (23°C and 50% relative humidity [RH]). At the two highest loads, both samples failed before the 48-h cycle, indicating a significant difference in box strength between short-term and long-term load tests. The secondary creep strain rate increases with the magnitude of the compressive load. When comparing the two creep models for both box types, the Power law provided the best accuracy at the 50% of box compression test (BCT) load case, while at the other three load cases, the Andrade law showed better predictions.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/pts.2780

Compressive Strength of Corrugated Paperboard Packages with Low and High Cutout Rates: Numerical Modelling and Experimental Validation

Péter Böröcz Renáta Pidl Damian Mrówczyński Lajos Fehér

Publication Name: Materials

Publication Date: 2023-03-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 6

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The finite element method is a widely used numerical method to analyze structures in virtual space. This method can be used in the packaging industry to determine the mechanical properties of corrugated boxes. This study aims to create and validate a numerical model to predict the compression force of corrugated cardboard boxes by considering the influence of different cutout configurations of sidewalls. The types of investigated boxes are the following: the width and height of the boxes are 300 mm in each case and the length dimension of the boxes varied from 200 mm to 600 mm with a 100 mm increment. The cutout rates were 0%, 4%, 16%, 36%, and 64% with respect to the total surface area of sidewalls of the boxes. For the finite element analysis, a homogenized linear elastic orthotropic material model with Hill plasticity was used. The results of linear regressions show very good estimations to the numerical and experimental box compression test (BCT) values in each tested box group. Therefore, the numerical model can give a good prediction for the BCT force values from 0% cutout to 64% cutout rates. The accuracy of the numerical model decreases a little when the cutout rates are high. Based on the results, this paper presents a numerical model that can be used in the packaging design to estimate the compression strength of corrugated cardboard boxes.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/ma16062360

Application of a Novel Methodology for the Detection of Harmonic Vibration in the Acceleration-Time Functions of Vehicle Platforms

Renáta Pidl

Publication Name: Strojnicky Casopis

Publication Date: 2022-11-01

Volume: 72

Issue: 2

Page Range: 139-148

Description:

In this paper, an attempt is made to determine whether Cepstrum analysis can be applied to detect pure harmonic sine waveform acceleration-time signals in a frequency sub-band from the acceleration-time function of vehicle load platforms. Based on Cepstrum evaluation of specific measurement results at different speeds and under different road conditions, the analysis reveals that no frequency band exhibits full-period pure sinusoidal excitation, which casts doubt regarding usuage of sinusoidal sliding frequency tests for package shaking tests.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.2478/scjme-2022-0024

The Effect of Side Wall Cutout Sizes on Corrugated Box Compression Strength in the Function of Length-to-Width Ratios—An Experimental Study

Péter Böröcz Renáta Pidl Lajos Fehér

Publication Name: Applied Sciences Switzerland

Publication Date: 2022-07-01

Volume: 12

Issue: 14

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Packaging made from corrugated cardboard is a widely used solution in modern supply chains for the handling, storage and distribution of goods. These packages are required to maintain adequate protection conditions; however, in many cases, the cardboard box dimensions, handles and/or ventilation holes, quality and their configuration could compromise its protection strength. This study observes and evaluates the performance of corrugated cardboard boxes made with B-flute boards by considering different cutout sizes from the side walls (0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%) in various box length–width ratios of 200 mm, 300 mm, 400 mm, 500 mm and 600 mm in length and a constant 300 mm width and height. Box compression tests were performed in a laboratory, and results were compared with mathematical statistics. In each cutout case, the maximum compression force was observed with the box with dimensions of 400 × 300 × 300 mm. The measurement results showed that the 1.33 length-to-width ratio has the best maximum compression force result. The statistical tests showed that there is no significant difference between the 0% and 20% cutout groups.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/app12146939

Discrete fourier transform and cepstrum analysis of vibration events on semi-trailer truck

Péter Böröcz Renáta Pidl

Publication Name: Fme Transactions

Publication Date: 2019-01-01

Volume: 47

Issue: 1

Page Range: 177-182

Description:

The aim of this paper is to present a novel techniqe to analyse the vibration signals during transportation in order to give new information to engineers to better understand these physical events. One of the primary sources of damages during transportation is the permanent vibration transmitted from the platform of semi-trailer to the cargo. The nature of this vibration depends on the road conditions and the features of the vehicle. In this study, a 2-axle-truck with a 3-axle-semi-trailer equipped with air spring suspension was observed to analyse the vibration circumstances. The affecting factors during the transportation were the type of the road (motorway, primary road, secondary road, tertiary road), and different vehicle speed levels. The vibration events were measured and registered on the platform of the trailer, then these values were evaluated in MATLAB environment. The presence of the harmonic vibrational components, the stationarity of the mode shapes, the characteristic frequency narrow-bands of the RMS and PSD values were primarily studied. The applied methods that were used are: discrete Fourier transformation, autocorrelation-, cross-correlation functions and cepstrum analysis.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5937/fmet1901177P

Analytical approach to determine vertical dynamics of a semi-trailer truck from the point of view of goods protection

Renáta Pidl

Publication Name: Aip Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2018-01-05

Volume: 1922

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The overwhelming majority of intercontinental long-haul transportations of goods are usually carried out on road by semi-trailer trucks. Vibration has a major effect regarding the safety of the transport, the load and the transported goods. This paper deals with the logistics goals from the point of view of vibration and summarizes the methods to predict or measure the vibration load in order to design a proper system. From these methods, the focus of this paper is on the computer simulation of the vibration. An analytical method is presented to calculate the vertical dynamics of a semi-trailer truck containing general viscous damping and exposed to harmonic base excitation. For the purpose of a better understanding, the method will be presented through a simplified four degrees-of-freedom (DOF) half-vehicle model, which neglects the stiffness and damping of the tires, thus the four degrees-of-freedom are the vertical and angular displacements of the truck and the trailer. From the vertical and angular accelerations of the trailer, the vertical acceleration of each point of the platform of the trailer can easily be determined, from which the forces acting on the transported goods are given. As a result of this paper the response of the full platform-load-packaging system to any kind of vehicle, any kind of load and any kind of road condition can be analyzed. The peak acceleration of any point on the platform can be determined by the presented analytical method.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1063/1.5019118

Analysis of Transient-Like Vertical acceleration Events on Semi-Trailer Truck to Simulate Package Testing

Péter Böröcz Renáta Pidl

Publication Name: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 59

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 217-223

Description:

In road traffic, encountering significant bumps is common, especially at sunken railway crossings, tertiary roads, and poorly maintained access roads. Speed bumps, also known as "sleeping policemen," exacerbate the issue, requiring drivers to slow down abruptly. Depending on visibility and anticipation, vehicles approach these obstacles at various speeds, resulting in impact loads primarily in the vertical direction on the vehicle's load platform. Accelerations exceeding g-force levels can cause cargo to bounce, leading to potential damage and horizontal sliding, particularly problematic for semi-trailer trucks carrying high-value goods. This study focused on measuring and evaluating this effect using a specific speed bump model simulating a defined road defect on a particular vehicle. The highest vertical acceleration recorded was 2.4G at a speed of 10 km/h. At 5 km/h, the acceleration was 0.76G, while at 15 km/h, it reached 1.9G. These findings suggest that a speed around 10 km/h poses the most risk for such vehicles, with acceleration levels expected to decrease for both slower and faster speeds.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3233/ATDE240548

Compression Strength Estimation of Corrugated Board Boxes for a Reduction in Sidewall Surface Cutouts—Experimental and Numerical Approaches

Péter Böröcz Renáta Pidl Lajos Fehér

Publication Name: Materials

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Corrugated cardboard boxes are generally used in modern supply chains for the handling, storage, and distribution of numerous goods. These packages require suitable strength to maintain adequate protection within the package; however, the presence and configuration of any cutouts on the sidewalls significantly influence the packaging costs and secondary paperboard waste. This study aims to evaluate the performance of CCBs by considering the influence of different cutout configurations of sidewalls. The compression strength of various B-flute CCB dimensions (200 mm, 300 mm, 400 mm, 500 m, and 600 mm in length, with the same width and height of 300 mm), each for five cutout areas (0%, 4%, 16%, 36%, and 64%) were experimentally observed, and the results were compared with the McKee formula for estimation. The boxes with cutout areas of 0%, 4%, 16%, 36%, and 64% showed a linear decreasing tendency in compression force. A linear relationship was found between compression strength and an increase in cutout sizes. Packages with 0% and 4% cutouts did not show significant differences in compression strength (p < 0.05). Furthermore, this study shows a possible way to modify the McKee estimation for such boxes after obtaining empirical test data since the McKee formula works with a relatively high error rate on corrugated cardboard boxes with sidewall cutouts. Utilizing the numerical and experimental results, a favorable estimation map can be drawn up for packaging engineers to better manage material use and waste. The results of the study showed that the McKee formula does not appropriately estimate the box compression strength for various cutout sizes in itself.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/ma16020597