Kitti Karolyfi

57203018478

Publications - 19

A structured framework for HBIM standardization: Integrating scan-to-BIM methodologies and heritage conservation standards

J. Szép Kitti Karolyfi Nóra Géczy Rnin Salah

Publication Name: Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage

Publication Date: 2025-06-01

Volume: 37

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Heritage conservation demands innovative approaches that integrate advanced technologies with traditional principles to protect monuments and historic buildings. This research investigates the potential of Building Information Modeling (BIM) in heritage conservation, with a focus on developing and adapting workflows tailored to Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM). Through a systematic analysis of literature, the research highlights the adaptation of scan-to-BIM methodologies for HBIM creation and their significant role in enhancing preservation efforts. Key technologies, including laser scanning, photogrammetry, and machine learning, are discussed for their contributions to generate accurate and information-rich digital models of heritage structures. Furthermore, this work discovers critical specifications and proposes a structured framework for balancing these specifications within HBIM workflows. This framework addresses challenges such as standardization, scalability, and adaptability, which are essential for accurately capturing the complexity of heritage buildings. By examining these issues, the study identifies opportunities to improve HBIM's capability to monitor, document, and manage culturally significant assets. The findings provide a comprehensive understanding of HBIM processes and their potential to support the effective conservation of heritage.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.daach.2025.e00420

Integration of structural designers’ workflows into BIM

Kitti Karolyfi Dóra Szalai

Publication Name: Journal of Building Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 98

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

BIM has revolutionized architectural design workflows. In this process, the work of structural engineers relies on the work of many other disciplines, and their decisions are input data for them. However, these data are not always provided in a structured form. Live load and composite load values are typically such data, that may frequently change during the design process. This research explores BIM-based tools for interdisciplinary collaboration between architectural and structural disciplines, with a focus on managing design changes and ensuring that load data is available as early as possible in the design process. In this article, automatic load definition possibilities were explored and adapted to the BIM methodology by using Archicad, Revit, and Allplan. The software options and their logic differ greatly, therefore the proposed methodology can be applied most seamlessly in Archicad. It was demonstrated that by linking the composite structure database to the model, the loads from the built-in materials and the room functions can be generated and updated semi-automatically in response to design changes.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2024.111141

An Investigation of Historic Transportation Infrastructure Preservation and Improvement through Historic Building Information Modeling

J. Szép Kitti Karolyfi Nóra Géczy Rnin Salah

Publication Name: Infrastructures

Publication Date: 2024-07-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 7

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Historical transportation infrastructures (HTIs) like railways and bridges are essential to our cultural heritage. However, the preservation and enhancement of these structures pose significant challenges due to their complex nature and the need for modern upgrades. Historic building information modeling (HBIM) has emerged as a solution, facilitating the documentation, restoration, and maintenance of historic transportation assets. The purpose of the proposed work is to provide a systematic review of research findings on the application of HBIM in historic transportation infrastructure, highlighting its role in capturing intricate architectural details and supporting decision making for preservation efforts. A series of case studies in which HBIM has been instrumental in preserving historic transportation infrastructure are investigated and analyzed using a comprehensive literature review method. Furthermore, future directions in HBIM research are proposed, identifying potential applications and recommending areas for further investigation. Additionally, this paper suggests HBIM’s potential to balance modernization demands with the conservation needs of historic transportation infrastructure, providing policymakers and stakeholders with insightful strategies for sustainable heritage management.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures9070114

Enhancing BIM Integration: A Comparative Analysis of Novel Composite Structure Documentation Methods

Kitti Karolyfi Dóra Szalai

Publication Name: Buildings

Publication Date: 2024-06-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 6

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The proper selection and planning of building materials are crucial tasks in architectural design, as they fundamentally impact the functioning of the structure. In traditional design processes, this information is recorded in text form, typically using word processing software. However, this approach hinders the integration with modern, data-driven design methods and is incompatible with the increasingly popular building information modeling (BIM) processes. To address this, two new methods have been developed: one database-like method in the form of an Excel spreadsheet and the other as a dedicated web application. This article introduces and compares these methods based on pilot projects conducted by university students and an expert. Based on the results of the study conducted among students and expert, the database-like method proves to be the fastest. For students, creating a composite structure took an average of 14–20 min, while for experts, it took an average of 1.2 min. According to the evaluation of participants, the traditional method does not facilitate automatic communication with BIM, while both the database and web solutions promote it. The web-based solution, with its dedicated layout and functionality, offers additional advantages in this regard. The research underscores the importance of structured data in BIM and proposes new methods to streamline composite documentation processes during the design phase.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/buildings14061817

Building Diagnostics Options for Existing Buildings – Innovative Methods

Ádám Bukovics Kitti Karolyfi Dóra Szalai Zsolt Szűrös Rita Rebeka Ördög

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 793-798

Description:

The increasing number of buildings, due to erosion and extraordinary effects, has increasingly made technological advancements focused on innovative methods possible. This has become more prominent alongside traditional practices such as visual inspection and destructive building diagnostic methods. Thanks to the continuous development of tools, technologies and methodologies, the accurate and detailed digital mapping of buildings (including all their aspects) is available. Among these solutions, the laser scanner point cloud is the most popular due to its high level of detail. The newly emerging and now widespread survey procedures based on laser, photogrammetric remote sensing reflect a real-time, current state of the buildings, which maximizes the accuracy of the Building Information Model (BIM) - Historic Building Information Model (HBIM) completed in the later phases and helps detect structural or surface defects. This study presents the analyzing techniques of point clouds to diagnose buildings, assess their condition, identify errors, and develop sustainability strategies. It also explores areas that require further research and development to enhance the effectiveness of these methods. In the first phase of the paper, the currently used point cloud generation technologies (e.g.: laser scanning, photogrammetry, light detection and ranging (LiDAR)) will be presented with their advantages and disadvantages. The research methodology was conducted using the VOSviewer software to visually analyze bibliometric networks from a dataset of scientific publications, focusing on trends in structural health monitoring and highlighting key areas such as damage detection, computer vision, and AI-based techniques. In the second phase of the study, the possibilities of the analysis of point clouds and image processing-based survey options for structural diagnostic purposes will be explained and presented. The evaluation of the three damage detection methodologies (Geometrical features, Color and intensity information, Combined Method) highlights their complexity, technological requirements, cost, practical applicability, and accuracy. During the analysis, the goal is to map and systematize innovative methods supported by digital tools for diagnostic tasks in existing buildings.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114133

INVESTIGATING THE GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL OF ROOF STRUCTURES USING PARAMETRIC BIM METHOD

Kitti Karolyfi Dóra Szalai

Publication Name: Iet Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 2024

Issue: 8

Page Range: 89-94

Description:

The sustainability of buildings is becoming increasingly important in today's world. Ever stricter environmental regulations encourage designers to select appropriate materials and products by examining multiple alternative solutions. This article presents an analysis of the global warming potential (GWP) of the roof structure of a residential building depending on the roof shape and angle. Three different roof types (flat roof, gable roof, and shed roof) were examined with the application of commonly used composite structures. The applied range of roof angles was between 20ºand 45ºin 5-degree increments for the gable and shed roofs, while 0ºwas used for the flat roof. The analysis was conducted using the Archicad-Grasshopper live connection, which enabled rapid examination of the GWP by dynamically tracking changes in geometry and roof angle. According to the results, the roof shape constructed with a steel beam slab and a gable roof made of solid wood had the smallest environmental impact in terms of the first phase of the life cycle.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1049/icp.2024.2687

Modernization of Windows and Doors in Protected Buildings: Possibilities and Their Environmental Impacts

Tamás Horváth Kitti Karolyfi András Veöreös Dóra Szalai Zsolt Szűrös Rita Rebeka Ördög

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1051-1056

Description:

During the renovation of protected buildings, strict regulations must be met. Buildings of different ages and protection categories require different structural solutions, including the modernization of windows and doors. In addition to heritage protection aspects, environmental awareness, sustainability, energy efficiency regulations, and the objectives of Fit for 55 and the Green Deal are given a prominent role. The research examines how the different categories of protection appear in Hungary in connection with the replacement of windows and doors and what regulations apply to their renovation. A case study of a historic building examines the effects of the interventions, with particular regard to the reduction of CO2 emissions, with the help of life cycle assessment (LCA) based on a BIM model, using machine and manual calculations. The results show that it is worth staying with the original solid wood material because changing the material – for example, to modern PVC or aluminum triple-layer windows – involves a greater environmental impact. The methodology of the analysis can be used as an analogy for the renovation of other similar buildings and can serve as a basis for issuing different tenders.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114176

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF STEEL AND REINFORCED CONCRETE HALL STRUCTURES

J. Szép Kitti Karolyfi

Publication Name: Iet Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 2024

Issue: 8

Page Range: 65-71

Description:

The examination of the environmental impact of buildings during the design process is becoming increasingly important nowadays. Since the geometry and materials of the building are chosen during the conceptual design phase, it is of paramount importance to explore alternative solutions during this stage, considering their significant effect on the building’s environmental footprint and performance later. The aim of this study is to compare the environmental impact of an industrial hall depending on the applied structural material and geometry. 48 different geometries were generated and evaluated using parametric design focusing on the first stage of the lifecycle. Regarding the material of the load-bearing structure, the prefabricated reinforced concrete hall exhibits a lower overall environmental impact compared to the steel structure of the same geometry. In terms of geometry, among the three spans examined (16.5, 18, and 20 meters), the largest span proves to be the most environmentally advantageous.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1049/icp.2024.2683

INNOVATIVE ANALYSIS METHODS OF ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF BUILDINGS

Tamás Horváth Kitti Karolyfi Dániel Hegedűs Árpád Hajdu Olivér Tóth Dóra Szalai

Publication Name: Iet Conference Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 2024

Issue: 8

Page Range: 53-57

Description:

In the current era of architecture, sustainability and energy efficiency are becoming increasingly important, while at the same time, advanced technological tools and analytical methods are reshaping the design and construction of buildings. Architects must think responsibly and globally, as buildings account for a significant proportion of the world's energy use. As architects, we have a responsibility to create ecologically optimal facilities for the long term. With this in mind, we would like to present applications that trace the chronological milestones in the development of energy analysis. This paper provides a detailed overview of the different methods of energy analysis. The methods include software developed specifically for energy analysis, an analysis add-on built into modeling software, and among the more innovative technologies, we have also examined parametric design and methodologies based on artificial intelligence algorithms. We have tried to select these methodologies and software in a diversified way to get a more comprehensive picture of how they work. The main aim of this paper is to compare the conclusions drawn from case studies of our previous energy research and from the studies of these energy software, partly subjectively and partly with an objective perspective that tightens subjectivity. As such, a set of criteria we have defined will guide the structure of this analysis. In this article, we will try to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each method, and we will also try to consider the importance of 3D model-based analysis.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1049/icp.2024.2681

A Parametric BIM Framework to Conceptual Structural Design for Assessing the Embodied Environmental Impact

J. Szép Kitti Karolyfi

Publication Name: Sustainability Switzerland

Publication Date: 2023-08-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 15

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Decisions made in the early design stage have a significant effect on a building’s performance and environmental impact. In practice, a conceptual design is performed by an architect, while a structural engineer begins to work in later phases when the architectural concept has already evolved. However, the geometry and form of a building directly determine the type of structure and applicable materials; therefore, the conceptual design phase gives rise to examining alternative solutions. This paper presents a method for generating alternative structural solutions in the conceptual design phase and examining their embodied environmental impact by integrating parametric design and building information modeling (BIM). Rhinoceros and Grasshopper were used to develop the parametric script, which includes the generation of geometrical variations, the automatic definition of initial cross sections for the load-bearing elements based on in-built structural design approximations, the datasets for embodied environmental impact of the used building materials, the generation of life cycle inventory (LCI), the automatic calculation of life cycle assessment (LCA) results based on the geometry, and the conversion of the parametric model into building information model. The method was demonstrated using a case study of 48 different alternative solutions for an unheated warehouse made of steel frames. Based on the results, the areas with the greatest energy impact were identified. The case study analysis also illustrated that the applied cross section may have a significant effect on the impact categories. The results draw attention to the complexity of LCA calculations even in the case of a simple structure containing a limited number of variables, where parametric design can serve as an effective tool for a comprehensive environmental impact assessment.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/su151511990

Structural Optimization of a Steel Truss for Sustainability in Parametric Environment – a Case Study

J. Szép Kitti Karolyfi G. Hajdú Kira Rodaeva

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 13-18

Description:

Although designing a structure is an iterative process by nature, a very limited number of iterations can be done with the traditional methods to reach the near-optimal solution. However, with the development of information technologies, the usage of parametric design in the construction industry has expanded. This paper aims to show the potential benefits of implementing parametric design and optimization techniques in the early structural design process. For this purpose, a simple parametric model of a steel frame with a truss roof system was created and then optimized for minimum mass and a given floor area. The case study demonstrated that the application of parametric design can reduce the Global Warming Potential of the structure by 7.6 % by optimizing the geometry and the cross-sections, leading to a more sustainable solution.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107003

Application of Parametric Design and Artificial Intelligence in Energy Analysis of Buildings – A Review

Tamás Horváth Kitti Karolyfi Dániel Hegedűs Árpád Hajdu Olivér Tóth Dóra Szalai

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 19-24

Description:

In an era where sustainability and energy efficiency are paramount in architecture, advanced technological tools, and analytical methodologies are restructuring the design and construction of buildings. Energy analysis methods, including parametric modeling and artificial intelligence, offer architects unprecedented capabilities to comprehensively assess and optimize energy performance throughout a building's lifecycle. This paper reviews a wide range of energy analysis methods, including dedicated software tools, in-built applications, parametric tools, and artificial intelligence. It highlights the benefits and limitations of each method, emphasizing model-based methodologies. Dedicated software simplifies energy studies but requires manual data input, limiting flexibility and scalability. In-built applications, such as ArchiCAD or Autodesk Revit, enable automatic energy analysis but rely on detailed models. Parametric tools like Rhinoceros-Grasshopper enable flexible design variations but demand specialized knowledge. Artificial intelligence-driven tools like CoveTool and Autodesk Forma leverage AI algorithms for rapid energy modeling but are still evolving. In this review article, we would like to highlight the importance of energy analysis in building design and the need for architects to learn about new technologies. All these are necessary for a sustainable future.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107004

Integration of BIM in architecture and structural engineering education through common projects

Tamás Horváth J. Szép Kitti Karolyfi Dóra Szalai

Publication Name: Acta Technica Jaurinensis

Publication Date: 2021-11-24

Volume: 14

Issue: 4

Page Range: 424-439

Description:

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is one of the most significant developments in architecture and civil engineering in recent years, therefore it becomes increasingly important to promote its integration into university education. Currently, several universities worldwide offer BIM courses in architecture and civil engineering programs, while many others are under the process of integrating BIM into their curricula. The goal of this research is the implementation of BIM into higher education (Széchenyi István University, Hungary) by integrating the architectural, structural, and mechanical engineering disciplines. An important advantage of the university is that the architecture and civil engineering programs belong to the same faculty, which allows students to work together on common projects. A new course was performed in the previous semester, in which the students are designing contemporary buildings as case studies. In this paper, the results of the integration process are presented and evaluated based on the trainers’ and students’ experiences.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.14513/actatechjaur.00641

Investigation of the effect of formwork shape on packing density of aggregates

Kitti Karolyfi Dániel Harrach Ferenc Papp

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2020-12-31

Volume: 15

Issue: 3

Page Range: 125-134

Description:

Packing density of aggregate influences greatly the properties of concrete. Maximization of packing density increases the flowing ability and segregation resistance of the fresh concrete and the compressive strength of the hardened concrete. The determination of maximum density is difficult experimentally; therefore several models have been developed for that purpose. However, these models do not take the size of the formwork into account. In this study, 20 different formwork shapes were examined with defined aggregate fractions. Results show that increasing the formwork size increases the packing density of aggregate, and the growth depends on the formwork size and compaction method.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2020.15.3.12

A new assessment methodology for fair-faced concrete surfaces based on digital image processing

Andras Horvath Kitti Karolyfi Ferenc Papp

Publication Name: Proceedings of the 2020 Session of the 13th Fib International Phd Symposium in Civil Engineering

Publication Date: 2020-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 288-295

Description:

Fair-faced concrete elements have become even more popular in architecture because of their pure aesthetics and favourable material properties. The europian standards and guidelines are usually specifying four classes regarding to the surface quality. However, the strandard assessment methodologies are based only on manual methods and they are very subjective in some cases. In order to increase the efficiency and accuary of the evaluation a new methodology is proposed using digital image processing. In this paper the basis of the evaluation method made by using the Python 3.6 software is presented by focusing on the surface void ratio which is one of the most common surface defects of fair-faced concrete structures.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

The correspondences between formwork geometry and concrete composition in the case of fair-faced concrete elements

Kitti Karolyfi Ferenc Papp

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2018-08-01

Volume: 13

Issue: 2

Page Range: 43-54

Description:

Modern architecture is unimaginable without fair-faced concrete. However, there is no generally accepted method for design the suitable concrete composition to get the required surface quality. This paper presents the effect of saturation degree on fair-faced concrete surfaces and raises additional research areas with regard to the formwork geometry and packing density of aggregate. This study is the first part of a wider research that aims to work out a method for determination of the adequate saturation degree of cement paste depending on the geometrical proportions of the formwork to reach the highest surface quality.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2018.13.2.5

Evaluation of fair-faced concrete surfaces using digital image processing

Kitti Karolyfi Ferenc Papp

Publication Name: Proceedings of the 12th Fib International Phd Symposium in Civil Engineering

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1003-1010

Description:

In modern architecture concrete is increasingly used as a design feature as well as for its mechanical properties. Therefore, today's concrete architecture is characterized by various forms, textures and high surface quality. The exact determination of the surface quality requirements is crucial for being able to substantiate any deficiencies of the completed surface if necessary. According to the German, Austrian and Hungarian standards there are four concrete classes distinguished based on several aspects, such as porosity, discoloration, texture, etc. However, the standardized assessment methodologies for fair-faced concrete surfaces are mainly based on manual methods and several aspects can be evaluated only subjectively. The goal of the present study is to propose an objective method for the evaluation of the surface void ratio using photogrammetry and digital image processing techniques. The goal of the whole research is to develop an effective assessment method - taking all aspects into account - with which the overall evaluation and classification of the surfaces can be done automatically from one sampling. This method will lead to a quantitative, objective and therefore more reliable evaluation of the surface-quality of fair-faced concrete elements.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Evaluation of fair-faced concrete surfaces using digital image processing

Kitti Karolyfi Ferenc Papp

Publication Name: Fib Symposium

Publication Date: 2018-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1003-1010

Description:

In modem architecture concrete is increasingly used as a design feature as well as for its mechanical properties. Therefore, today’s concrete architecture is characterized by various forms, textures and high surface quality. The exact determination of the surface quality requirements is crucial for being able to substantiate any deficiencies of the completed surface if necessary. According to the German, Austrian and Hungarian standards there are four concrete classes distinguished based on several aspects, such as porosity, discoloration, texture, etc. However, the standardized assessment methodologies for fair-faced concrete surfaces are mainly based on manual methods and several aspects can be evaluated only sub-jectively. The goal of the present study is to propose an objective method for the evaluation of the surface void ratio using photogrammetry and digital image processing techniques. The goal of the whole research is to develop an effective assessment method - taking all aspects into account - with which the overall evaluation and classification of the surfaces can be done automatically from one sampling. This method will lead to a quantitative, objective and therefore more reliable evaluation of the surface-quality of fair-faced concrete elements.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

A new assessment methodology for fair-faced concrete surfaces based on digital image processing

Andras Horvath Kitti Karolyfi Ferenc Papp

Publication Name: Fib Symposium

Publication Date: 2020-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 288-295

Description:

Fair-faced concrete elements have become even more popular in architecture because of their pure aesthetics and favourable material properties. The europian standards and guidelines are usually specifying four classes regarding to the surface quality. However, the strandard assessment methodologies are based only on manual methods and they are very subjective in some cases. In order to increase the efficiency and accuary of the evaluation a new methodology is proposed using digital image processing. In this paper the basis of the evaluation method made by using the Python 3.6 software is presented by focusing on the surface void ratio which is one of the most common surface defects of fair-faced concrete structures.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available