Laszlo Porkolab

57225931090

Publications - 6

Possibilities for Further Development of the Airbags in the Case of Non-conventional Seating Positions

István Lakatos Laszlo Porkolab

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 53

Issue: 2

Page Range: 146-157

Description:

The first ideas and experiments aimed at protecting passengers from the vehicle’s internal components with airbags date back to the 1960s. Twenty years later, the airbag appeared in series production, in December 1980, the Mercedes-Benz S-Class (W126) was the first serial production car to be equipped with a driver airbag, and since its introduction, the use of airbag technology has been uninterrupted. Airbag systems are currently regarded as almost mandatory protection systems in a vehicle. The article generally presents the development of airbags used in cars, followed by the currently used airbag folding types. After that, the article presents the simulation of the airbag deployment, its types and theoretical background, as well as the most important stages of the deployment of the airbag. In the following, the article presents the results of the research so far in the case of frontal and side crashes. The next section of the article introduces the materials capable of absorbing energy, then details the simulation model built and the airbag concept created. The last part of the article contains an evaluation of the results and the summary. The modified seat examined in the earlier phase of the research and the airbag concept that is the subject of this research also fulfill the set goals, but the latter has a great advantage.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPtr.38633

Possibilities for further development of the driver's seat in the case of a non-conventional seating positions

István Lakatos Laszlo Porkolab

Publication Name: Heliyon

Publication Date: 2024-04-15

Volume: 10

Issue: 7

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The seat significantly contributes to driving safety. Ergonomic seats prevent physical strain and fatigue, so attention and concentration do not drop so quickly, which helps to avoid accidents. The article generally presents the development of seats used in cars and the current areas of use of rotatable seats. Furthermore, it gives an overview of the possible seating positions for fully autonomous vehicles. The article leads the reader through the crash test simulation focusing on the model used. Subsequently, the article presents the research results so far and the possibilities for further development of the driver's seat. The article highlights the change in the driver's movement kinematics as a crucial observation. This change significantly increases the risk of serious injury. In frontal collisions, the modified seat consistently demonstrates results below the specified limit. It is important to note that there are injury values that increase, but these are not a problem because they remain below the limit. In the case of a side collision, the aim was less to reduce injury values and more to better coordinate the kinematics of the passenger's movement during the accident. It can be concluded that this is achievable with the modified seat, as the passenger's movements are notably more predictable and coordinated under these circumstances.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28909

A Simulation System for Testing Side Crashes, in Non-Traditional Seating Positions, for Self-Driving Cars

István Lakatos Laszlo Porkolab

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 20

Issue: 7

Page Range: 63-82

Description:

Historically, vehicle safety reflects the current state of the art and new innovations will continue to make our cars even safer in the future. Since its invention, the car has enjoyed a unique, triumphal procession. Safety plays a central role in the development of a car model today. The number of accidents has also risen, in line with the growth in traffic. In addition to carelessness or distraction at the wheel, the most common causes of accidents are excessive speed, risky maneuvers and disregard of traffic rules. The introduction of the speed limit on rural roads and the obligation to wear seat belts, were particularly important positive milestones. Two different methods are also used to check the effect of the individual technical options and safety, in the event of accidents. First are the crash tests. Here, an accident situation is simulated in practice, under realistic conditions. The other solution is the simulation. The Finite Element Method, behind this term, lies the virtual calculation of various consequences of an accident, on the basis of mathematical differential equations. The degree of deformation of various components or the entire car, as a whole, is examined by calculation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.20.7.2023.7.4

Effect of Non-conventional Seating Position on Driver Injuries in the Case of a Self-driving Car

István Lakatos Laszlo Porkolab

Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 35-49

Description:

Today the automotive industry is making great strides toward driverless driving. Vehicle manufacturers, as well as well-known development service providers, have already developed a large number of concepts and design studies for fully automatic vehicles. In the future, there will be no more limits to driverless driving. However, a fully autonomous vehicle must also protect its occupants in the event of an accident. The driver becomes a passenger, no longer having to take part in driving the vehicle. The big challenge for the future is how the seat that can be rotated in the front row of a car will have an impact on the future passenger safety system. The aim of the research is to build a simulation model that will allow us to study the area. It is absolutely necessary to use a real test to validate the simulations. To investigate the influence of swivel seats on the restraint systems, the seat positions to be analyzed must first be narrowed down. The area examined extends from 0˚, which corresponds to the current driver’s seat position, to the 180˚ position, in which the driver’s view is directed towards the rear. In order to limit the number of variants that are examined, the angle steps are limited. As part of this research, the 0˚, 30˚, 60˚, 90˚, 135˚, 180˚ positions of the seat are examined in more detail and examinations are carried out on the basis of these variants.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-15211-5_4

Preparing of a Simulation System for an Examination of Non-Conventional Seating Positions in the Case of a Self-Driving Car

István Lakatos Laszlo Porkolab Audi Hungaria

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 20

Issue: 9

Page Range: 207-226

Description:

In recent years, society has turned it is gaze ever further away from vehicles with conventional drive systems such as the internal combustion engine towards vehicles with electric motors. In the course of these ideas, the concept of autonomous driving is increasingly coming to the forefront and crystallizing as a wish. The article introduces the field of vehicle safety in general and lists possible injury criteria. After that, the current concepts of fully autonomous vehicles will be presented. The aim of the research is to investigate the effect of different rotated seat positions on the injuries of passengers in the event of an accident using a simulation model. The article presents the applied simulation procedure, the simulation results and its validation. The article pointed out that the kinematics of the driver's movement during an accident changes radically as a result of the rotated seat positions, which significantly increases the chance of fatal injuries.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.20.9.2023.9.12

Vehicle occupant safety development with finite element method

István Lakatos Laszlo Porkolab

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2021-08-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 2

Page Range: 30-35

Description:

Crash tests of vehicles are specified by government programs. This laws are includes only minimum requirements for individual components. Therefore additional consumer protection load cases have been developed by independent private institutes. Finite element method simulations can reduce development periods and the number of cost-intensive real crash tests. The goals of the calculations are that the early detection of component failure, the protection of occupants or pedestrians. The biggest challenge of the future, in the field of vehicle occupant safety is the interaction of the airbags and belt system with dummy by the electric vehicles, which have the concept of autonomous driving function. The aim of the research is to investigate this area using a simulation model.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2021.00306