The increasing urgency for sustainable transportation solutions necessitates a thorough examination of energy efficiency within railway systems. This study investigates the energy performance of Siemens Ventus (i.e., Siemens Desiro ML type) electric multiple units on Austria's Raaberbahn network, focusing on route-specific energy consumption and the optimization of regenerative braking. Utilizing data collected from January to May 2023, the research employs a robust methodology that integrates statistical analysis, curve-fitting, and geospatial modeling to assess energy trends along routes connecting Vienna, Bratislava, and Deutschkreutz. The findings reveal that terrain, operational practices, and external environmental factors significantly contribute to energy inefficiencies. Specifically, hotspots of energy overconsumption were identified, leading to the development of tailored optimization models for each route. The analysis also produced heatmaps that illustrate critical spatial and temporal patterns, which are essential for implementing targeted interventions aimed at enhancing energy efficiency.

One of the paramount challenges in contemporary urban transport is the efficient maintenance and operation of tramway tracks, aiming to maximize their lifespan while ensuring safe and comfortable passenger travel. Traditional methods of examining superstructure systems through observation and geometric measurements are insufficient; understanding the dynamics of vehicles adhering to their schedules is equally critical. To address this, we developed an innovative portable vehicle dynamics measurement system equipped with accelerometers and a GPS module (with GNSS system), facilitating real-time tram dynamics testing. This versatile device can be deployed at any time and on any tram, enabling continuous monitoring of track conditions. The dynamic data gathered can be systematically compared with geometric measurements, providing comprehensive insights into the railway track's condition and informing maintenance strategies. The paper consists of several examples for comparison (geometric and dynamic data series) and discusses how to develop the instrument further.

This research investigates the application of plastic fiber reinforcement in pre-tensioned reinforced concrete railway sleepers, conducting an in-depth examination in both experimental and computational aspects. Utilizing 3-point bending tests and the GOM ARAMIS system for Digital Image Correlation, this study meticulously evaluates the structural responses and crack development in conventional and plastic fiber-reinforced sleepers under varying bending moments. Complementing these tests, the investigation employs ABAQUS’ advanced finite element modeling to enhance the analysis, ensuring precise calibration and validation of the numerical models. This dual approach comprehensively explains the mechanical behavior differences and stresses within the examined structures. The incorporation of plastic fibers not only demonstrates a significant improvement in mechanical strength and crack resistance but paves the way for advancements in railway sleeper technology. By shedding light on the enhanced durability and performance of reinforced concrete structures, this study makes a significant contribution to civil engineering materials science, highlighting the potential for innovative material applications in the construction industry.