The expression of green and sustainable chemistry has gained significant attention around the world in recent years. Nowadays, it is evident that green and sustainable chemistry is necessary for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); however, the concept and its realisation seem quite vague. Until 2021, green and sustainable chemistry had been defined in different documents, which led to divergent practices. However, in 2021, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) created a Framework Manual on Green and Sustainable Chemistry, which now serves as a uniform guidance for various stakeholders to realise innovation actions and assess management practices for green and sustainable chemistry. Despite its significance, the Framework Manual is not widely known, as it has hardly been analysed, and more seriously, its legal classification has not been examined so far. The aim of this paper is to fill this gap and analyse the Framework Manual from a regulatory viewpoint. In line with this, the study presents the main characteristics of the document, determines the correct legal classification of the document, and makes recommendations regarding the possible improvements of the document and the future regulating options for green and sustainable chemistry. By analysing these questions, the study arrives at significant results: Firstly, it declares that the Framework Manual is a legally non-binding, soft law document. Secondly, it identifies the advantages and disadvantages of soft law regulation. Thirdly, it concludes that the Framework Manual cannot be regarded as a final result. The topic of green and sustainable chemistry should be regulated in a legally binding form in the future. With these results, the study fills the huge gap in legal analysis of the Framework Manual and contributes to the satisfactory future regulation of green and sustainable chemistry.

The issue of autonomous vehicles is one of the most pressing issues of our time that raises important questions regarding the territory of public international law. The development and spread of autonomous vehicles require predictable international regulation, which is extremely necessary in the field of international transport, where several steps have been taken in this direction. The aim of the study is to reveal and evaluate the actual overview of the state of regulation of autonomous vehicles within the field of international transport, paying special attention to the work of United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and the World Forum for Harmonisation of Vehicle Regulations (World Forum). For this purpose, the study analyzes the steps taken so far, presenting the two ways of regulation within these organs: the amendments of the existing rules of international transport and the creation of new documents for autonomous vehicles. With analytical, descriptive and comparative research methods, the study examines the question of whether these regulatory efforts are sufficient and what further steps should be taken to address the issue of autonomous vehicles in a satisfactory manner. The study comes to the conclusion that both the amendments and the new documents created so far have disadvantages, due to which they should be only regarded as starting points and the work should be continued in the direction of a new, precise and binding international treaty or treaties on autonomous vehicles. Based on the results of the study, this solution could contribute to the safety, sustainability and future of autonomous vehicles and international transport.

The issue of autonomous vehicles is one of the most pressing issues of our time that raises important questions regarding the territory of public international law. The development and spread of autonomous vehicles require predictable international regulation, which is extremely necessary in the field of international transport, where several steps have been taken in this direction. The aim of the study is to reveal and evaluate the actual overview of the state of regulation of autonomous vehicles within the field of international transport, paying special attention to the work of United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and the World Forum for Harmonisation of Vehicle Regulations (World Forum). For this purpose, the study analyzes the steps taken so far, presenting the two ways of regulation within these organs: the amendments of the existing rules of international transport and the creation of new documents for autonomous vehicles. With analytical, descriptive and comparative research methods, the study examines the question of whether these regulatory efforts are sufficient and what further steps should be taken to address the issue of autonomous vehicles in a satisfactory manner. The study comes to the conclusion that both the amendments and the new documents created so far have disadvantages, due to which they should be only regarded as starting points and the work should be continued in the direction of a new, precise and binding international treaty or treaties on autonomous vehicles. Based on the results of the study, this solution could contribute to the safety, sustainability and future of autonomous vehicles and international transport.