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Found 6374 publications
Interplay between economic progress, carbon emissions and energy prices on green energy adoption: Evidence from USA and Germany in context of sustainability
Publication Name: Renewable Energy
Publication Date: 2024-10-01
Volume: 232
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
In contemporary times, where most academic research mainly focuses on the factors of economic and environmental sustainability and emissions reduction. Yet, very little attention has been paid to the identification of the factors of renewable energy, which requires appropriate policy-level attention. Consequently, this research investigated two developed economies, i.e., Germany and the USA, from 1991 to 2021 where, the objective of the study includes using novel and robust empirical methods to test the causal relationship between renewable energy and CO2 emissions, economic growth, technological innovations and oil prices. Using the normality and unit root estimators, this study observed that non-normal data distribution, yet all the variables are stationary. Using time-series and panel cointegration tests, the results validate the cointegration between economic growth, oil prices, carbon emission, technological innovation, and renewable energy adoption in the United States whereas Germany does not show cointegration between the variables. This study employ ‘s the Morlet-Wavelet approaches and key findings show that all these variables have a significant role in improving renewable energy adoption in both the region. Furthermore, results show a unidirectional and bidirectional causal association between the variables via the panel-stacked Granger causality test. This study recommends effective policy ramifications concerning improved investment in technological innovation, improved low-carbon production, and diverting economic growth to renewable energy transition. Use of improved new time-series method of wavelet coherence show the key contribution in this paper with new evidence of time frequency analysis on how external variables affect renewable energy consumption in developed countries of US and Germany. The objective includes understanding the effects of CO2 emissions, economic growth, technological innovations and oil prices on renewable energy which would give evidence to policy makers and environmentalists on how developed countries should improve clean energy adoption.
Open Access: Yes
Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Two-Way Reinforced Concrete Slabs Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Laminates
Publication Name: Computation
Publication Date: 2024-05-01
Volume: 12
Issue: 5
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This study explores a technique for enhancing the punching strength of reinforced concrete (RC) flat slabs, namely carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP). Four large-scale RC flat slabs were fabricated, to assess the efficacy of this strengthening method. One slab served as a reference and the three other specimens were strengthened with CFRP, as a method of external strengthening. These slabs, featuring identical overall dimensions and flexural steel reinforcement, underwent testing until failure, under the influence of concentrated patch loads. A concrete plastic damage constitutive model (CDP) was developed and employed to examine the strength of two-way RC slabs. Additionally, to enhance the strength of existing RC slabs, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips are affixed to the tension surface of the sections. The research begins with the calibration of a numerical model, based on data from laboratory tests. The objective of this study is to constrain the plastic behavior of two-way RC slabs reinforced with CFRP, with a focus on establishing an optimal elasto-plastic analysis, aimed at controlling concrete damage plasticity using CFRP, and employing a plastic limit load multiplier. Subsequently, a series of numerical simulations, incorporating different variables, are conducted to investigate shear behavior. The numerical results indicate that an increase in the strengthening ratio has a significant impact on shear strength. Finite element simulations are carried out using Abaqus CAE®/2018.
Open Access: Yes
Understanding the Mechanisms of Fe Deficiency in the Rhizosphere to Promote Plant Resilience
Publication Name: Plants
Publication Date: 2023-05-01
Volume: 12
Issue: 10
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
One of the most significant constraints on agricultural productivity is the low availability of iron (Fe) in soil, which is directly related to biological, physical, and chemical activities in the rhizosphere. The rhizosphere has a high iron requirement due to plant absorption and microorganism density. Plant roots and microbes in the rhizosphere play a significant role in promoting plant iron (Fe) uptake, which impacts plant development and physiology by influencing nutritional, biochemical, and soil components. The concentration of iron accessible to these live organisms in most cultivated soil is quite low due to its solubility being limited by stable oxyhydroxide, hydroxide, and oxides. The dissolution and solubility rates of iron are also significantly affected by soil pH, microbial population, organic matter content, redox processes, and particle size of the soil. In Fe-limiting situations, plants and soil microbes have used active strategies such as acidification, chelation, and reduction, which have an important role to play in enhancing soil iron availability to plants. In response to iron deficiency, plant and soil organisms produce organic (carbohydrates, amino acids, organic acids, phytosiderophores, microbial siderophores, and phenolics) and inorganic (protons) chemicals in the rhizosphere to improve the solubility of poorly accessible Fe pools. The investigation of iron-mediated associations among plants and microorganisms influences plant development and health, providing a distinctive prospect to further our understanding of rhizosphere ecology and iron dynamics. This review clarifies current knowledge of the intricate dynamics of iron with the end goal of presenting an overview of the rhizosphere mechanisms that are involved in the uptake of iron by plants and microorganisms.
Open Access: Yes
Combining fuzzy signature and rough sets approach for predicting the minimum passing level of competency achievement
Publication Name: International Journal of Artificial Intelligence
Publication Date: 2020-03-01
Volume: 18
Issue: 1
Page Range: 237-249
Description:
This paper aims to investigate the important factors that affect the value of the minimum passing level (MPL) of competency achievement and find the best method to predict it. The MPL of competency achievement is the value that represents the minimum passing score of examination related to the competency. Different schools may have a different value of the MPL because the MPL is defined based expert opinion on several uncertainty aspects and conditions at each school. This paper proposes the combination of rough sets and fuzzy signature method to predict the category of the MPL. The rough sets method is applied to reduce unnecessary features for classification and find the important factors to predict the MPL. The fuzzy signature is employed to predict the category of MPL based on the selected features. The method proposed in this paper consists of several stages, namely data collection and pre-processing, features selection, predict the category of the MPL using the combination of rough sets and fuzzy signatures method, and performance evaluation. Fifteen headmasters and sixty teachers of elementary schools participated in the data collection process. Based on the experiment with 203 objects data we achieved 97% accuracy in the prediction of MPL. The proposed method succeeded to identify the important factors on predicting the MPL on the complexity of competency and resource capacity of the school aspect. We obtained the improvement for accuracy of the complexity of competency prediction of 8.5% from the best method in the previous research.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: DOI not available
Artificial intelligence-based expert weighted quantum picture fuzzy rough sets and recommendation system for metaverse investment decision-making priorities
Publication Name: Artificial Intelligence Review
Publication Date: 2024-10-01
Volume: 57
Issue: 10
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
There should be some improvements to increase the performance of Metaverse investments. However, businesses need to focus on the most important actions to provide cost effectiveness in this process. In summary, a new study is needed in which a priority analysis is made for the performance indicators of Metaverse investments. Accordingly, this study aims to evaluate the main determinants of the performance of the metaverse investments. Within this context, a novel model is created that has four different stages. The first stage is related to the prioritizing the experts with artificial intelligence-based decision-making method. Secondly, missing evaluations are estimated by expert recommendation system. Thirdly, the criteria are weighted with Quantum picture fuzzy rough sets-based (QPFR) M-Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA). Finally, investment decision-making priorities are ranked by QPFR VIKOR (Vlse Kriterijumska Optimizacija Kompromisno Resenje). The main contribution of this study is the integration of the artificial intelligence methodology to the fuzzy decision-making approach for the purpose of computing the weights of the decision makers. Owing to this condition, the evaluations of these people are examined according to their qualifications. This situation has a positive contribution to make more effective evaluations. Organizational effectiveness is found to be the most important factor in improving the performance of metaverse investments. Similarly, it is also identified that it is important for businesses to ensure technological improvements in the development of Metaverse investments. On the other side, the ranking results indicate that regulatory framework is the most critical alternative in this regard.
Open Access: Yes
Constructing and sampling partite, 3-uniform hypergraphs with given degree sequence
Publication Name: Plos One
Publication Date: 2024-05-01
Volume: 19
Issue: 5 May
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Partite, 3-uniform hypergraphs are 3-uniform hypergraphs in which each hyperedge contains exactly one point from each of the 3 disjoint vertex classes. We consider the degree sequence problem of partite, 3-uniform hypergraphs, that is, to decide if such a hypergraph with prescribed degree sequences exists. We prove that this decision problem is NP-complete in general, and give a polynomial running time algorithm for third almost-regular degree sequences, that is, when each degree in one of the vertex classes is k or k − 1 for some fixed k, and there is no restriction for the other two vertex classes. We also consider the sampling problem, that is, to uniformly sample partite, 3-uniform hypergraphs with prescribed degree sequences. We propose a Parallel Tempering method, where the hypothetical energy of the hypergraphs measures the deviation from the prescribed degree sequence. The method has been implemented and tested on synthetic and real data. It can also be applied for χ2 testing of contingency tables. We have shown that this hypergraph-based χ2 test is more sensitive than the standard χ2 test. The extra sensitivity is especially advantageous on small data sets, where the proposed Parallel Tempering method shows promising performance.
Open Access: Yes
BUILDING A SUSTAINABLE SHARING ECONOMY MODEL BASED ON A VIRTUAL COMMUNITY CURRENCY
Publication Name: Vezetestudomany
Publication Date: 2023-04-14
Volume: 54
Issue: 4
Page Range: 28-39
Description:
After the economic crisis of 2008, the need for solutions that introduce alternative forms of cooperation between economic actors increased greatly. At the same time, concerns for the environment have intensified, and the integration of environmental considerations in economic activities has become increasingly important. As a response, peer-to-peer economy and peer-to-peer payment systems, among other things, have emerged. Compared with previous economic crises, the COVID-19 pandemic has posed new challenges for everyone, which could lead to the intensification of alternative path-finding processes. The ecological problems the we face mean that the aim should be to go beyond the restoration of previous economic mechanisms prioritising ecological sustainability. In this study, the authors’ aim was to present the elements of a novel solution concept that is based on the hypothesis that a digital community currency created through smart contracts can promote genuine practices of sharing as opposed to the currently operating platforms’ profit-orien-ted approach.
Open Access: Yes
Three level modelling of uncertainties in the condition assessment of buildings
No authors available
Publication Name: ISCIIA 2016 - 7th International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Applications
Publication Date: 2016-01-01
Volume:
Issue:
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Condition survey evaluation analyses (enginering-static expert reports) are often prepared about building structures (often focusing on load-bearing structures) in order to support appropriate maintenance and repair of the existing buildings. Based on these analyses modelling of the condition of buildings and building structures can be a big help to adopt decisions on intervention. In the course of our former research condition evaluation, decision support and ranking method was worked out which, based on a unified system of viewpoints, considering various priorities, is able to determine the condition of residential buildings. We have used tree-structure, fuzzy singleton signature based model, in which the expert specifies one discrete value for the condition of every examined building structure. In the course of our research it was experienced that the elaborated method is too subjective and uncertain, therefore the method is being further developed so that modelling of objective and subjective uncertainties become possible in the course of preparing expert opinions. Three levels were created to model uncertainties. Uncertainty on level 1 is how to transform verbal evaluations into fuzzy membership functions (verbal values cannot be unambiguously transformed into numerical values). In this model instead of membership values, which were used in the former model, we assign linguistic label modelling membership functions to the leaves of the structure. Level 2 we are modelling an uncertainty where even the expert is unable to precisely determine the condition of the examined structure. Often an interval is specified for the condition of the structure instead of a specific status value. It means that the condition of structure can have any value between two specified values with the same probability. To model it the triangular-shaped membership function is transformed into a trapezoidal-shaped membership function with the help of linguistic hedges. On level 3 it is modelled that the expert evaluation itself is not considered totally reliable. Subjectivity, professional preparedness of the expert, conducting the examination, or the quality of available circumstances and data may significantly influence the reliability of the final result. These uncertainties can be modelled by modifying the shapes of the membership function. The fuzzy set signature based model created by modelling the uncertainties at three levels is able to model with proper accuracy (more sophistically as compared to the former model) the condition of buildings, which were specified by verbal evaluation in expert opinion.
Open Access: No
DOI: DOI not available
CT based analysis of reworked BGA devices
No authors available
Publication Name: 21st IMEKO TC-4 International Symposium on Understanding the World through Electrical and Electronic Measurement, and 19th International Workshop on ADC Modelling and Testing
Publication Date: 2016-01-01
Volume:
Issue:
Page Range: 288-292
Description:
The widespread use of computed tomography in the electronic field allows for an extended range of measurements to be carried out. High integration devices can be tested easily with μCT, and provide large amount of data to characterize the technology parameters. This paper focuses on the inspection of BGA solder ball geometry and quantification of different properties of the solder arrays.
Open Access: No
DOI: DOI not available
