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Found 6674 publications

Integration of Life Cycle Assessment in Structural Optimisation of Steel Structures

G. P. Cimellaro Marco Domaneschi Roberta Di Bari R. M. Movahedi Raffaele Cucuzza Giuseppe Carlo Marano

Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 770 LNCE

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 181-190

Description:

Lowering environmental impacts has lately been a critical objective of structural optimisation due to the significant amount of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the civil engineering sector. This work introduces a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) based multi-objective optimisation framework for the optimal design of mixed steel-timber structures by varying the building design’s size, shape, and topology. The study’s novelty stems from the integration of an environmental objective function in the early design process, based on LCA methodology and standard environmental indicators, and the definition of a structural target function where a penalty-based approach is implemented for reducing structural complexity in situ. The structural cost and the Global Warming Potential (GWP) are the objective functions of the optimisation problem. The analysis outcomes reveal that minimising the number of connections as well as moving towards timber-steel solutions represents the key aspect to achieve a sustainable and effective design of spatial truss structures.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-08407-1_16

HUNGARIAN REPORT ON TRADITIONAL CRIMINAL LAW CATEGORIES AND AI

No authors available

Publication Name: Revue Internationale de Droit Penal

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 2023

Issue:

Page Range: 253-267

Description:

The study is an edited and completed Hungarian national report prepared for the AIDP 2024 Congress in Syracuse's preparatory colloquium. The logic of the content is consistent with the logic of the questionnaire composed by Prof. Dr. Lorenzo Picotti during the preparatory phase and the content of the original report.1 In addition, it includes a brief description of the main features of Hungarian criminal law and a presentation of the government’s strategy to prepare society for digital challenges, taking into account its impact on generating scientific research.

Open Access: No

DOI: DOI not available

A logic model for inference chains in expert systems

Jozsef Sziray

Publication Name: International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition 2007 Aipr 2007

Publication Date: 2007-12-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 243-248

Description:

This paper deals with the calculations performed in the reasoning process of rule-based expert systems, where inference chains are applied. It presents a logic model for representing the rules and the rule base of a given system. Also, the fact base of the same expert system is involved in the logic model. The proposed equivalent representation manifests itself in a logic network. After that, a four-valued logic algebra is introduced. This algebra is used for the calculations where forward chaining is carried out. Next, the notion of line-value justification is described. This operation is applied in the backward chaining process, also on the base of the previously introduced four-valued logic. The paper describes two exact algorithms which serve for the forward and backward chaining processes. These algorithms make it possible to be implemented by a computer program, resulting in an efficient inference engine of an expert system. The achieved result enhances the reliability and usability of the intelligent software systems which is extremely important in embedded environments.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Localization in a Head-Related Transfer Function-based virtual audio synthesis using additional high-pass and low-pass filtering of sound sources

György Wersényi

Publication Name: Acoustical Science and Technology

Publication Date: 2007-08-02

Volume: 28

Issue: 4

Page Range: 244-250

Description:

Listening tests were carried out for investigating the localization judgments of untrained subjects through equalized headphones and with HRTF synthesis. The investigation was made on the basis of the former 'Graphical User Interface for Blind Persons' project in order to determine the possibilities of a 2D virtual sound screen and headphone playback. 50 untrained subjects evaluated a virtual audio display in front of the listener using different horizontal and vertical resolutions on a 2D surface. A listening test using white and filtered noise signals was followed by a special investigation using simple high-pass and low-pass filtering of the original sound in order to increase correct vertical localization judgments. The simulation uses high-pass filtering for higher elevations and low-pass filtering for lower elevations in a 5 × 2 and a 3 × 3 spatial resolution. Results of the listening test will be presented and the efficiency of the filtering in correct localization judgments will be discussed. © 2007 The Acoustical Society of Japan.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1250/ast.28.244

Scientific and common concepts of probability and risk

Dusek Tamás

Publication Name: Statisztikai Szemle

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: 100

Issue: 9

Page Range: 873-895

Description:

A „valószínűség” és a „kockázat” kifejezésekhez a tudományos és a hétköznapi szóhasználat egyaránt többféle értelmet vagy jelentésárnyalatot társít, hasonlóan az olyan szavakhoz, mint például az „erő”, a „munka”, a „tömeg”, a „nyomás”, amelyeknek eredeti, hétköznapi jelentései, jelentésárnyalatai mellett szintén létezik egy, mérési eljárás révén pontosan definiált tudományos, fizikai értelme. A hétköznapi használat sokfélesége többnyire nem okoz gondot, mert a kontextus pontosíthatja a jelentést, vagy legfeljebb a hétköznapokban tetten érhető félreértésekhez vezet. A tudományos nyelvhasználatban azonban problémát okozhat, ha a hétköznapitól egyértelműen eltérően, de egyszerre több, egymástól is különböző jelentésben használnak párhuzamosan egy fogalmat. A mai napig ez jellemző a valószínűség és a kockázat értelmezéseire. A koncepciók a tudomány történelmi fejlődése során is változtak, illetve többszöri újradefiniálásuk miatt azonos időpontban is több értelemben használatosak. Szerencsésebb és kevésbé félrevezető lett volna, ha a véletlen tömegjelenségek vizsgálatával foglalkozó szakterület számára egy köznapi jelentéssel nem terhelt szakterminust vezetnek be. A fenti problémák miatt hasznos lehet az eltérő értelmezések áttekintése. Jelen rövid írás a történeti részletek, vitapontok és részletes hivatkozások mellőzésével a két fogalom tudományon belüli főbb megközelítéseit, valamint a jellemzőbb hétköznapi használatát mutatja be.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.20311/STAT2022.9.HU0873

Dataflow-based heterogeneous code generator for IoT applications

Endri Bezati Nebojša Taušan Gábor Paller Gábor Élo Gábor Farkas

Publication Name: Modelsward 2019 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering and Software Development

Publication Date: 2019-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 428-434

Description:

The latest wave of connected digital systems, nowadays called Internet of Things (IoT) promises various gains, especially in terms of significant ease of data access. A large number of different platforms for IoT applications, however, makes their development difficult and time-consuming leading to projects that are failed to be on time, on budget or fully completed. To address the platform heterogeneity, this paper presents the ongoing work on development environment called Orcc-IoT. Orcc-IoT facilitates the development of IoT by combining dataflow modelling language, heterogeneous code generator and the library of ready-made IoT actors. The utilisation of Orcc-IoT in development is expected to increase the quality, and to reduce the development costs and time-to-market of IoT applications.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5220/0007496804280434

Timing Chain Wear Investigation Methods – Review

Cs Tóth-Nagy J. Rohde-Brandenburger L. Paulovics

Publication Name: Fme Transactions

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: 50

Issue: 3

Page Range: 461-472

Description:

Several methods are used for investigating timing chain wear, from fired engine dynamometer tests through tribological model tests to simulations. Research over the past decade has shown that component or tribometer tests can replace expensive engine dynamometer tests in many cases. Simulation methods can further reduce the cost and time of development. Simulation models require experimentally defined input parameters; therefore, experiment-based methods cannot be completely avoided. However, a comprehensive comparison or validation of the various experimental and simulation techniques is difficult, as the literature on the topic is relatively scarce. This study aims to give a systematic comparison of the results of several investigation methods of timing chain wear, supported by data measured at Széchenyi István University, such as fired engine dynamometer tests, cold dynamometer tests, component tests, and tribometer tests, presenting their benefits and limitations, where possible through examples and results. The study also provides an insight into the compatibility of different measurement methods.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5937/fme2203461P

Elasto-Plastic limit analysis of reliability based geometrically nonlinear bi-directional evolutionary topology optimization

János Lógó R. M. Movahedi Muayad Habashneh

Publication Name: Structures

Publication Date: 2021-12-01

Volume: 34

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1720-1733

Description:

This paper presents elasto-plastic limit analysis of reliability-based geometrically nonlinear topology optimization. For this purpose, by reason of uncertainties the volume fraction is considered randomly during optimization. Thus reliability-based design has been considered for solving the problems. To perform reliability-based topology optimization design, the Monte-Carlo simulation method has been applied to calculate the probability of failure, thus the reliability index. Besides, bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) method is used to consider the effect of geometrically nonlinear design for elasto-plastic analysis. Plastic behavior is controlled by applying a bound on the plastic limit load multipliers using limit analysis. The adequacy of the proposed method is exhibited by three 2D benchmark problems. 2D models of L-shape beam and U-shaped plate are considered for reliability-based design and geometrically nonlinear analysis topology optimization in case of elastic material. Additionally, 2D and 3D elasto-plastic material models have been considered to demonstrate that the proposed method can find the optimal topology of elasto-plastic models for reliability-based design and geometrically nonlinear analysis.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2021.08.105

The effects of different carbon-fiber plate shapes in shoes on lower limb biomechanics following running-induced fatigue

Yaodong Gu Dong Sun Yang Song Zhenghui Lu Yufei Fang Yufan Xu Chengyuan Zhu Chen Hu

Publication Name: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 13

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Different shapes of carbon-fiber plates (CFPs) are likely to affect lower limb biomechanics, particularly under conditions of running-induced fatigue, and potentially impact runners’ performance and risk of injury. However, no studies have yet elucidated the precise effects of CFP shapes on the lower limb biomechanical characteristics subsequent to running-induced fatigue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different CFP shapes in running shoes on the lower limb biomechanics of runners following running-induced fatigue. 12 male runners (aged 21.8 ± 1.3 years, mass 59.1 ± 4.1 kg, height 168.9 ± 2.2 cm, weekly running distance 68.8 ± 5.5 km/week) were recruited for this study. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare kinematic and kinetic data, while SPM (Statistical Parametric Mapping) was used to assess the activation levels of lower limb muscles. Compared to wearing flat CFP shoes (“Flat”), wearing curved CFP shoes (“Curve”) resulted in a significant reduction in the hip (p = 0.034) and knee contact angle (p < 0.000), as well as a significant decrease in the hip flexion moment (p = 0.008). The activation level of the tibialis anterior (TA) was significantly higher when wearing “Curve” in pre-fatigue compared to “Flat”, whereas the opposite was observed post-fatigue. The curved CFP altered the bending angle of the forefoot, thereby significantly reducing the joint angles and joint moments of the hip and knee.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1539976