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Developing a Framework for Multi-hazard and Risk Assessment, Darbandikhan Dam, Iraq

Hayder Thabit Al Hudaib

Publication Name: Advances in Science Technology and Innovation

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 529-533

Description:

Multi-purpose dams play a significant role in water resources management and flood protection by storing and releasing water for a sufficient water supply. Significantly, numerous dam failures are observed in multiple regions. Natural hazards related to dams include extreme floods, drought events, earthquakes, and geological conditions. There are also human-induced impacts, such as inadequate dam operation or maintenance. Numerous studies simulate potential natural extreme events to address the wide-ranging consequences encompassing loss of human life, economic losses, and environmental effects. In addition, international commissions and federal agencies recommend and apply a general framework for dam safety and risk assessment. The current study suggests and develops a flexible framework for multi-hazard indices and risk assessment for Darbandikhan Dam, Iraq, which was impacted by successive extreme climate events, besides a strong earthquake (M 7.3) that occurred on November 12, 2017. Consequently, the earthquake led to various impacts along the dam site, including horizontal and vertical displacement in some places. In addition, consecutive years of drought led to significant shortage inflows to the dam reservoir. The current study methodology focuses on developing a multi-hazard index and risk assessment framework for each potential extreme event and failure mode scenario associated with dam operation and safety. The information required for the particular framework is through integrating the observed with a global dataset based on Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing techniques. Nevertheless, using different tools and models in dataset processing provides the acquisition of the essential input data associated with each probable severe event. The outcomes of the suggested framework will show through multi-hazard maps the affected areas (hotspots) and propagation consequences besides the residual risk and system response for each scenario. In conclusion, developing a framework of multi-hazards risks associated with dam operation provides promising outcomes for risk assessment, warning response, and evacuation tasks based on hazard maps with different spatial and temporal resolutions. In addition, the framework can be used as an assistance tool for decision support systems, planning, and environmental protection associated with multi-purpose dam operation and safety.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-86777-4_99

Road Safety and Sustainability: A Comparison of Country Rankings

Csaba Koren Ziyad N. Aldoski

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 277-282

Description:

Road traffic deaths are a crucial problem in the world. At the same time, sustainability is a global issue. Numerous publications are dealing with road safety and sustainability separately as a basis for country rankings, but if you are searching for “road safety and sustainability”, no relevant results are found. The research question of this paper is: How is the safety performance of countries with good sustainability ranks? Vice versa: are countries with lower sustainability ranks more dangerous in traffic? To answer these questions, international sustainability and safety ranking scales were compared using Spearman correlation coefficients. The key finding of the paper is that there is a strong correlation between sustainability and the safety ranking of countries. However, there are some exceptions, countries with significantly different sustainability and safety performances.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107047

DNA extraction and STR profiling from histological slides

Viktor Soma Poór Gabor Kovacs Vivien Fejes Marah Alhabahbeh Zsolt Pádár

Publication Name: Forensic Science International Genetics Supplement Series

Publication Date: 2022-12-01

Volume: 8

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 176-177

Description:

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks are commonly used in the field of pathology and forensic pathology as a source of histological slides. For postmortem kinship analysis or identification, DNA can be extracted from blocks with specialized kits. However, when an STR profile should be generated from single microscope slides, the removal of the coverslip and the limited sample size poses unique challenges. We aimed to test the effectivity of agitated xylene incubation to dissolve the mounting material to facilitate the coverslip removal. DNA extraction tests were performed on 5- to 7-year-old histological slides. Xylol was used to dissolve the mounting medium to facilitate cover slide removal, one set of samples was shaken during incubation, and the other set was left still. It was found that shaking the sample while bathed in xylol decreased the incubation time from three days to two days. Agitation not just reduced the processing time but increased the quality of acquired STR profiles: on average 30% more alleles were detected from the shaken samples compared to the still bathed ones.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2022.10.026

Curvature-Constrained Motion Planning and Control for Traffic Cone Manipulation Robot

Áron Ballagi Rudolf Krecht

Publication Name: Proceedings of the International Conference on Informatics in Control Automation and Robotics

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 2

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 317-324

Description:

This paper presents an integrated system for traffic cone manipulation using a heavy-duty mobile robot equipped with GNSS-RTK localization, a custom remote supervision and mission control interface, and a curvature-constrained motion controller. Designed for use in semi-structured outdoor environments, the robot receives waypoint and speed commands via a tailored extension of Foxglove Studio, which enables intuitive map-based interaction and real-time trajectory editing. Owning to its high payload capacity, the platform prioritizes stability over maneuverability, thus, it cannot change orientation without longitudinal movement. To address this, we propose a smooth, curvature-based controller that enforces a minimum turning radius while following pose and heading goals. The system architecture is built on Robot Operating System 2 (ROS 2), leveraging modular nodes for map visualization, path planning, motion execution, and action triggering. Our experiments demonstrate the system’s ability to navigate complex waypoint paths and pause precisely at mission-dictated locations, more specifically cone placement locations. Our results show that even under turning constraints, the robot reliably executes full cone manipulation routines with high spatial accuracy and operational safety. The system highlights the feasibility of pairing high-level operator interfaces with low-level kinematic-aware planning for constrained robotic platforms.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5220/0013720700003982

A Sustainable Model of Corporate Embeddedness: Navigating through a Fuzzy Concept

Lívia Ablonczy-Mihályka Petra Kecskés Zsuzsanna Pálffy

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 163-168

Description:

Corporate embeddedness and sustainable corporate behaviour are closely linked. Consequently, recent literature has introduced the term sustainability embeddedness. However, the concept is still at an early stage, and both its conceptualisation and practical implications remain incomplete. From the literature review, it can be determined that the term sustainability embeddedness can be classified as one of the so-called fuzzy concepts because its use in different literatures is associated with different meanings. The main goal of the study is to review the previous interpretations and to contribute to the literature on the concept with a specific explanation, placing it in the set of previous definitions. A further aim of the research is to identify the best sustainable practices of corporate embeddedness using the quintuple helix model. The goal is to demonstrate how sustainability practices can enhance mutually beneficial relationships between companies and other actors within the local space. The study serves as a literature basis for later research, in which, as a continuation of the collection of practices, small and medium-sized family businesses in Győr, Hungary, will be examined. Along the theoretical model of the study, practical implications can be identified as they may serve as an incentive practice for regional small businesses, which helps to deepen their degree of embeddedness, thus exploiting additional local benefits for the local space.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107028

Study of the antifungal effect of a copper-containing foliar fertilizer

Balázs Ásványi Renato Kalocsai E. Lakatos Viktoria Vona Tamás Szakál Zsolt Giczi

Publication Name: Cereal Research Communications

Publication Date: 2021-06-01

Volume: 49

Issue: 2

Page Range: 337-341

Description:

Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important arable crops. Copper-containing fertilizers are used in crop production to treat or reduce the negative effects of copper deficiency. Various copper compounds are also widely used as effective fungicide agents. The influence of a copper-containing foliar fertilizer prepared from a copper solution and sucrose had been tested on the yield and raw protein content of winter wheat in previous field experiments. In this work, we studied the antifungal effect of this particular foliar fertilizer in an in vitro trial, wherein the fungicide effect on growth and reproduction of specific plant pathogens, i.e., Fusarium graminearum and Drechslera sorokiniana, was evaluated with the agar well diffusion method. The results showed that doses of the foliar fertilizer corresponding to field applications of at least 1 kg ha−1 had antifungal effects, which were significant (P < 0.01) above the concentration level of 3337 mg L−1, corresponding to 2 kg ha−1 application, against both fungal pathogens. A linear correlation (r2 > 0.95) was found between copper concentration and fungicide efficiency in the concentration range studied. The fungicide efficiency of the foliar fertilizer was lower than that of the commercially available copper-oxychloride fungicide. The sole use of the foliar nutrient tested probably cannot replace fungicide treatments. However, in addition to its plant nutrition effect, its antifungal properties should also be taken into consideration.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s42976-020-00108-y

Beyond Lithium: Evaluating Sodium-Ion Batteries for the Next Generation of Electric Vehicles †

Peter Gulyas

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 113

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Sodium-ion batteries (SIB) are gaining attention as a sustainable, cost-effective alternative to lithium-ion technology in electric vehicles (EVs), driven by concerns over lithium’s scarcity, high costs, and environmental impact. This study explores the feasibility of SIBs through a theoretical analysis of recent advancements in chemistry, materials, and electrochemical performance. It compares key factors such as energy density, charge cycles, safety, cost-effectiveness, and supply chain sustainability. While sodium-ion batteries currently offer lower energy density and shorter cycle life, they benefit from abundant raw materials and more sustainable production. Recent breakthroughs in electrode and electrolyte design show promise for improved efficiency and longevity. Sodium-ion technology is not yet a full replacement for Li-ion batteries but presents a viable option for low-cost EVs and stationary storage.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2025113041

Response of wheat to combined application of nitrogen and phosphorus along with compost

Zoltán Molnár Tibor Janda Lamnganbi Mutum Tagesse Ergudo Wogene Kabato

Publication Name: Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology

Publication Date: 2022-12-01

Volume: 25

Issue: 5

Page Range: 557-564

Description:

To achieve food security and increase crop productivity in a sustainable way, keeping soil fertile and balanced fertilization is vital. Soil fertility declining and unbalanced fertilization is one of the bottlenecks to sustainable agricultural production. To overcome these problems, a field experiment was investigated, with the aim of exploring the potential of organic and inorganic nutrient sources with their optimal application and integration for sustainable wheat production. The experiment was conducted in a factorial approach with three replications, where one factor was the level of the NP (Nitrogen and Phosphorus) fertilizer and the other compost, set in a randomized complete block design. Four levels of the N:P fertilizer (control, 27.6%:18.4%, 41.4%:32.2% and 55.2%:46%) were combined with three levels of compost (0, 3 ton/ha and 6 ton/ha), giving 12 treatments combination. From the data collected and analyzed, integrated application of the NP fertilizer and compost significantly increased soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus but had no effect on soil pH and cation exchange capacity (CEC). Application of 6 ton/ha compost was higher with plant height, spike length, number of seeds per spike, 1000 seeds weight, and biological yield. The sole application of the NP (55.2%:46%) produced (6.19 ton/ha) grain yield whereas combined application of the NP (55.2%:46%) along with the compost (6 ton/ha) produced the higher grain yield (8.16 ton/ha). This clearly revealed that application of 75% recommended inorganic NP fertilizers combined with compost resulted in increased wheat yield by 27.45% over sole application of inorganic fertilizer indicated that the integrated approach could enable to save up to 25% of commercial fertilizers and increase the yield of wheat.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s12892-022-00151-7

The catalyst-like role of forensic genetics in the developmental process of Hungarian wildlife forensics

Petra Zenke Viktor Soma Poór Mónika Nogel Gabor Kovacs Zsolt Pádár

Publication Name: Forensic Science International Genetics Supplement Series

Publication Date: 2022-12-01

Volume: 8

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 263-264

Description:

The anthropocentric nature of forensic sciences has been changing continuously over the years and this process is continuing today. Due to its universality and multilateral implementation, and the fragmented nature of forensic epistemology, the information provided by forensic genetics can play a pivotal role in forensic science. At the same time, the link between forensic genetics and non-human forensic biological evidence has become unquestionable. It may highlight the modern requirements of forensic science, and this connection is also able to provide useful and sufficient examples for developmental processes in wildlife forensics. Obviously, the local formations, organizations, and operations of wildlife forensics can be different worldwide, but the detection and punishment of wildlife-related criminal behavior, as well as the prevention of further crimes, play a relevant role in these processes everywhere.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2022.10.056