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Coffees Brewed from Standard Capsules Help to Compare Different Aroma Fingerprinting Technologies—A Comparison of an Electronic Tongue and Electronic Noses

Tamás Tóth Biborka Gillay George Bázár Iyas Aldib Zoltan Kovacs Viktoria Eles Zoltán Gillay Haruna Gado Yakubu

Publication Name: Chemosensors

Publication Date: 2025-07-01

Volume: 13

Issue: 7

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

With the development of various new types of instrumental aroma sensing technologies, there is a need for methodologies that help developers and users evaluate the performance of the different devices. This study introduces a simple method that uses standard coffee beverages, reproducible worldwide, thus allowing users to compare aroma sensing devices and technologies globally. Eight different variations of commercial coffee capsules were used to brew espresso coffees (40 mL), consisting of either Arabica coffee or a blend of Robusta and Arabica coffee, covering a wide range of sensory attributes. The AlphaMOS Astree electronic tongue (equipped with sensors based on chemically modified field-effect transistor technology) and the AlphaMOS Heracles NEO and the Volatile Scout3 electronic noses (both using separation technology based on gas chromatography) were used to describe the taste and odor profiles of the freshly brewed coffee samples and also to compare them to the various sensory characteristics declared on the original packaging, such as intensity, roasting, acidity, bitterness, and body. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) results showed that these technologies were able to classify the samples similarly to the pattern of the coffees based on the human sensory characteristics. In general, the arrangement of the different coffee types in the LDA results—i.e., the similarities and dissimilarities in the types based on their taste or smell—was the same in the case of the Astree electronic tongue and the Heracles electronic nose, while slightly different arrangements were found for the Scout3 electronic nose. The results of the Astree electronic tongue and those of the Heracles electronic nose showed the taste and smell profiles of the decaffeinated coffees to be different from their caffeinated counterparts. The Heracles and Scout3 electronic noses provided high accuracies in classifying the samples based on their odor into the sensory classes presented on the coffee capsules’ packaging. Despite the technological differences in the investigated devices, the introduced coffee test could assess the similarities in the taste and odor profiling capacities of the aroma fingerprinting technologies. Since the coffee capsules used for the test can be purchased all over the world in the same quality, these coffees can be used as global standard samples during the comparison of different devices applying different measurement technologies. The test can be used to evaluate instrumentational and data analytical developments worldwide and to assess the potential of novel, cost-effective, accurate, and rapid solutions for quality assessments in the food and beverage industry.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors13070261

New data on terrestrial gastropods (Gastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber, with descriptions of two new species in the genus Euthema (Diplommatinidae)

J. M. Bichain Barna Páll-Gergely Imre Szenti M. Szabó None Kokavecz

Publication Name: Zoosystematica Rossica

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 34

Issue: 2

Page Range: 336-353

Description:

Mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber preserves an exceptionally diverse assemblage of operculate land snails. Here, two new diplommatinid species are described: Euthema convexispira Bichain et Páll-Gergely, sp. nov. and Eu. torokzselenszkyi Páll-Gergely et Szabó, sp. nov. Newly found specimens of two previously known species, Hirsuticyclus canaliculatus Yu, 2022 and Cretadiostoma caperatum Yu, Zhuo et Páll-Gergely, 2023, are described and illustrated; the specimen of the former is characterised by a distinctive spiral operculum, while that of the latter provides additional data on the morphology of the aperture and the proportions of the shell whorls. Furthermore, the article reports three specimens that are tentatively attributed here to the species Euthema cf. annae Balashov, 2021 and to the genera Euthema Yu, Wang et Pan, 2018 and Pulchraspira Yu, Salvador et Jarzembowski, 2021.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.31610/ZSR/2025.34.2.336

Assessment of genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of Limousin herds in Hungary using microsatellite markers

Csilla Józsa Beáta Bán László Rózsa Márton Szűcs Attila Zsolnai Ferenc Szabó István Anton

Publication Name: Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Publication Date: 2019-01-01

Volume: 32

Issue: 2

Page Range: 176-182

Description:

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate basic information on genetic structure and characteristics of Limousin population in Hungary. Obtained results will be taken into consideration when adopting the new breeding strategy by the Association of Hungarian Limousin and Blonde d'Aquitaine Breeders (AHLBB). Methods: Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of 3,443 Limousin cattle from 16 different herds were investigated by performing genotyping using 18 microsatellite markers. Amplified DNA was genotyped using an automated genetic analyzer. Results: Mean of effective alleles (ne) of the populations was 3.77. Population C had the lowest number of effective alleles (3.01) and the lowest inbreeding coefficient (FIS) value (-0.15). Principal component analysis of estimated genetic distance (FST) values (p<0.000) revealed two herds (C and E) distinct from the majority of other Limousin herds. The pairwise FST values of population C compared to the others (0.066 to 0.120) fell into the range of moderate genetic distance: 0.050 to 0.150, while population E displayed also moderate genetic distance (FST values in range 0.052 to 0.064) but only to six populations (G, H, J, L, N, and P). FST(C-E) was 0.148, all other pairs -excluding C and E herds- displayed low genetic distance (FST<0.049). Population D, F, I, J, K, L, N, O, and P carried private alleles, which alleles belonged to 1.1% of the individuals. Most probable number of clusters (K) were 2 and 7 determined by Structure and BAPS software. Conclusion: This study showed useful genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship data that can be utilized for the development of a new breeding strategy by AHLBB. The results presented could also contribute to the proper selection of animals for further whole genome scan studies of Limousins.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5713/ajas.18.0164

Investigation of glued insulated rail joints with special fiber-glass reinforced synthetic fishplates using in continuously welded tracks

Szabolcs Fischer Attila Németh

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2018-08-01

Volume: 13

Issue: 2

Page Range: 77-86

Description:

In this paper the authors partially summarize the results of a research on glued insulated rail joints with fiber-glass reinforced plastic fishplates (brand: Apatech) related to own executed laboratory tests. The goal of the research is to investigate the application of this new type of glued insulated rail joint where the fishplates are manufactured at high pressure, regulated temperature, glass-fiber reinforced polymer composite plastic material. The usage of this kind of glued insulated rail joints is able to eliminate the electric fishplate circuit and early fatigue deflection and it can ensure the isolation of rails' ends from each other by aspect of electric conductivity.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2018.13.2.8

Computational complexity in logic testing

Jozsef Sziray

Publication Name: Ines 2010 14th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems Proceedings

Publication Date: 2010-07-26

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 97-102

Description:

The paper is concerned with analyzing and comparing two exact algorithms from the viewpoint of computational complexity. Both are for calculating fault-detection tests for digital circuits. The first one is the so-called composite justification, and the second is the D-algorithm. The analysis will be performed on combinational logic networks at the gate level. Here single and multiple stuck-at logic faults will be considered. As a result, it is pointed out that the composite justification requires significantly less computational step than the D-algorithm and its modifications. From this fact it has been concluded that possibly no other algorithm is available in this field with fewer computational steps. If it holds, then it follows directly that the test calculation problem is of exponential-time, and so are any other NP-complete problems. © 2010 IEEE.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/INES.2010.5483865

A solution method for solving I/O and O/D tables

András Bakó Péter Földesi István Szuts

Publication Name: Ines 2010 14th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems Proceedings

Publication Date: 2010-07-26

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 195-198

Description:

The Origin-Destination (O/D) matrix is intensively used in long term traffic network planning. The matrix is used for forecasting the future traffic between the sections and for distributing the traffic. Several methods are known as a solution for this problem. In this paper it is shown that all these methods can be solved by the RAS algorithm. Furthermore we present the Input-Output table problem which also can be solved by this RAS method. © 2010 IEEE.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/INES.2010.5483850

Development of comparative investigation method for timing chain wear analysis using oscillating tribometer

Cs Tóth-Nagy Rajmund Kuti J. Rohde-Brandenburger L. Paulovics

Publication Name: Acta Technica Jaurinensis

Publication Date: 2021-11-24

Volume: 14

Issue: 4

Page Range: 406-423

Description:

This paper presents the development of a test procedure to investigate timing chain components under abrasive stress on a tribometer. Engine developers use cost and time expensive engine dynamometer tests to investigate timing chain life expectancy under different conditions. Tribometer tests are fast and cost effective, but these use standardized specimen material and geometry that greatly differ from the original tribological system of the timing chain. Manufacturing specimens from the original chain material using the original technology is complicated; surface quality and hardness properties cannot be guaranteed. The aim of research was to develop a test method for rapid and cost-effective comparison of engine lubricants, timing chain materials or coatings, as well as to assess the wear resistance of the chain to contaminants. Various uncontaminated and carbon black blended lubricants were compared using standard-based ball-on-disc tribometer tests to tribometer tests using actual timing chain components (bush-on-pin test) of a Diesel engine. Lubricants were ranked in terms of coefficient of friction and wear. Results showed that bush-on-pin tests were comparably suitable for testing lubricants when evaluated against standard ball-on-disc tribometer tests.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.14513/actatechjaur.00620

Computer aided formulation design based on molecular dynamics simulation: Detergents with fragrance

Lei Zhang Haiqiu Tang Yan Qi Lifeng Zhao Rafiqul Gani

Publication Name: Computers and Chemical Engineering

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 192

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Computer-aided formulation design is a methodology that utilizes domain knowledge and selected methods and tools suitable for computer-based applications to assist in formulation (product) design. In this paper, molecular dynamics simulation and Bayesian neural network algorithms are combined with well-known engineering models to help accelerate the development and optimization of formulation-based detergent products with a view to improve product quality and performance. In particular, the mechanism of the behavior of polymers (an active ingredient in the product) to improve the product quality in terms of the fragrance and its residence time is highlighted. Results from molecular dynamic simulation applied to study the molecular interaction mechanism show that the polymers have an attraction effect with fragrance molecules and could adsorb more to make them to stay on the surface of clothes. In addition, the polymer attenuates the diffusion of the fragrance molecules, lengthening the entire process of fragrance diffusion, which is the essence of the ability of the polymer to slow down the release of the fragrance. A Quantitative Structure-Property Relationship (QSPR) model between component proportions and fragrance diffusion is established through Bayesian Neural Network (BNN) and the product formulation is optimized based on this model. Keeping polymer and perfume ingredients unchanged, the surfactant amounts are optimized to provide improved product quality.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2024.108919

Industry 4.0 in Germany, Austria and Hungary: Interpretation, strategies and readiness models

Andreas Schumacher Ádám Szaller Tamás Várgedő Gábor Nick Viola Gallina

Publication Name: 16th Imeko Tc10 Conference 2019 Amp Amp Amp Amp Amp Quot Testing Diagnostics and Inspection as A Comprehensive Value Chain for Quality and Safety Amp Amp Amp Amp Amp Quot

Publication Date: 2019-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 71-76

Description:

Global economy increasingly responds to trends of industrial digitization and start to develop their own digitalization strategies e.i. through application of Industry 4.0 concepts. Thereby, initiatives and developments are often carried out on a company-, industry- or country-level, which can result in a lack of international co-operation and utilization of synergy-effects. To analyse the Industry 4.0 development status on a macro level and to enhance transnational developments, in the first part of this study we introduce the national Industry 4.0 platforms of three EU member states – the frontrunner Germany, the solidly rising Austria and Hungary that is in the process of catching up. Our analysis are carried out in four dimensions: economic background, country-specific Industry 4.0 interpretation, and local platforms as well as initiatives. To analyse the actual Industry 4.0 development status of industrial enterprises and of development platforms, existing Industry 4.0 maturity models form all three countries are presented and compared. Our analysis helped to capture the different phases of digitization and Industry 4.0 in Germany, Austria and Hungary in regard to defined goals and strategies and further of resulting problems with respect to Industry 4.0. Building on our comparison-studies and captured problems, decision makers should be enabled to carry out transnational Industry 4.0 projects and initiatives more effectively.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available