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Found 6273 publications

Genotyping of a SORCS2 polymorphism and behavioural trait associations in newly developed laying hen populations

Eszter Zsédely Károly Tempfli Hidas András Erika Lencsés-Varga Szálai Klaudia Almási Anita Orbán Attila Sárvári Loretta Csilla Ágnes Bali Papp

Publication Name: Magyar Allatorvosok Lapja

Publication Date: 2021-06-01

Volume: 143

Issue: 6

Page Range: 351-358

Description:

Background: Cage-free egg production methods are advancing in the European Union due to stringent housing regulations, animal welfare and consumer pressure. A changing production environment requests novel adaptation strategies of which the development of specific layer hybrids or strains is notably promising. Cage-free housing systems allow for a rather complete expression of social behaviour in laying hen populations; however, increasing stress, aggression and feather pecking are considered as major consequences. Objectives: This study aimed to detect a recently described SORCS2 polymorphism in newly developed Hungarian laying hen populations and observe potential associations with behavioural traits. Cage-free housing technologies with or without outdoor acces were also compared. Materials and Methods: Occurrence of behavioural traits were individually recorded for 119 hens. A novel PCR-RFLP method was developed and applied for SORCS2 genotyping with Rsal endonuclase. Results and Discussion: The SORCS2 polymorphism was present In the Hungarian populations, Callele frequencies varied between 75.1-85.5%. Homozygous TT genotype was the least prevalent across the three experimental populations with frequencies 2.2-4.2%. The experimental hybrid populations demonstrated different (p < 0.05) levels of aggression and activity related behavioural patterns. Homozygous CC animals showed more cases of aggressive behaviour compared to other genotypes. Feather pecking was more common In populations with outdoor access compared to the closed barn system (p < 0.05). The social behaviour of laying hens Is affected by many factors in an Immensely complex system. Selection efficiency on behaviour can be improved with a more profound knowledge on Its genetics.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Computational complexity in logic testing

Jozsef Sziray

Publication Name: Ines 2010 14th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems Proceedings

Publication Date: 2010-07-26

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 97-102

Description:

The paper is concerned with analyzing and comparing two exact algorithms from the viewpoint of computational complexity. Both are for calculating fault-detection tests for digital circuits. The first one is the so-called composite justification, and the second is the D-algorithm. The analysis will be performed on combinational logic networks at the gate level. Here single and multiple stuck-at logic faults will be considered. As a result, it is pointed out that the composite justification requires significantly less computational step than the D-algorithm and its modifications. From this fact it has been concluded that possibly no other algorithm is available in this field with fewer computational steps. If it holds, then it follows directly that the test calculation problem is of exponential-time, and so are any other NP-complete problems. © 2010 IEEE.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/INES.2010.5483865

A solution method for solving I/O and O/D tables

András Bakó Peter Foldesi István Szuts

Publication Name: Ines 2010 14th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems Proceedings

Publication Date: 2010-07-26

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 195-198

Description:

The Origin-Destination (O/D) matrix is intensively used in long term traffic network planning. The matrix is used for forecasting the future traffic between the sections and for distributing the traffic. Several methods are known as a solution for this problem. In this paper it is shown that all these methods can be solved by the RAS algorithm. Furthermore we present the Input-Output table problem which also can be solved by this RAS method. © 2010 IEEE.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/INES.2010.5483850

Illuminating Inequality: Public Lighting Energy Consumption and Light Pollution in Urban and Rural Contexts

A. Zseni Dalma Schmeller Dalma Bódizs

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 121

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 67-72

Description:

This paper investigates the spatial and social dimensions of light pollution through the lens of electricity consumption and technical losses related to public lighting across Hungarian municipalities, focusing on the Western Transdanubia region. Unlike traditional approaches based on remote sensing, this paper employs local-level electricity use data as a proxy for assessing light pollution intensity. Notably, several sparsely populated rural settlements display disproportionately high per capita electricity use and losses, suggesting inefficiencies, potential over-lighting, and elevated exposure to light pollution. The inclusion of technical losses provides a more accurate picture of systemic inefficiency that may contribute to excessive artificial illumination without corresponding social benefit. These findings underscore the relevance of electricity data as an indirect but actionable source for evaluating light pollution and energy waste. The paper advocates for more data-driven, environmentally conscious, and socially equitable lighting policies that integrate energy efficiency and light pollution mitigation into local planning frameworks. Based on data from 657 municipalities, total public lighting consumption ranges from under 10 MWh in small villages to over 1,000 MWh in large cities, with a regional average of 51.3 MWh (SD: 338.3 MWh). Per capita consumption varies between 0.002 and 0.02 MWh/person, with technical losses up to 17.9 kWh/person in some rural areas. These results indicate that energy inefficiency and light pollution are often more pronounced in small settlements, highlighting the need for regionally tailored modernization strategies addressing both energy use and environmental impact.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET25121012

Modeling of distribution of visible and non-visible graphite nodules embedded in the surface layer of ductile cast iron

Ágnes Csizmazia Imre Czinege Mihaly Réger Tamás Réti

Publication Name: Materials Science Forum

Publication Date: 2010-01-01

Volume: 659

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 453-458

Description:

The graphite nodule count and size distribution are important structural parameters in the quantitative characterization of the microstructure of ductile cast irons. In several cases, it is observed that local surface damages (cracks or microchip formations) are generated by the final manufacturing process (superfinishing operation), and these defects are originated basically from the hidden (invisible) graphite nodules located directly below surface. Based on measured data obtained by an image analyzer, a stereological model and a simulation algorithm have been developed to analyse the correspondances between the graphite morphology and the defect formation. This method makes it possible to establish a correlation between the microstructure parameters and the occurrence of local surface defects on ductile cast iron components. © (2010) Trans Tech Publications.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.659.453

Analysis of the financing activities of European football leagues

Roman Veynberg Oleg Litvishko Olga Kokoulina Ayaz Aliev Javid Farzaliev Tamás Gyömörei

Publication Name: Economic Annals Xxi

Publication Date: 2021-06-01

Volume: 189

Issue: 5-6

Page Range: 46-56

Description:

In a market economy, effective financial management is one of the most important aspects of the functioning of any company, which plays a connecting role between various areas of its activities and determines the company's position on the market, its competitiveness, prospects for sustainable development and cost growth. In this context, the assessment of the economic efficiency of sports organizations is also relevant, due to the high social significance of the sports industry and its huge popularity among the population. The study selected leagues that use different approaches to the formation and distribution of financial resources in their activities. Thus, the subject of this research is the existing mechanisms for financing the activities of sports subjects. The comparative report of UEFA on club licensing for pre-COVID-19 period was used as an analytical basis for the study. The results obtained during the study showed that with an effective approach to the process of managing financial and economic activities, the professional sports industry can be considered as a promising tool that can generate a significant material and non-material effect on various spheres of public activity, which affects the dynamic economic growth of the industry, as evidenced, in particular, by the performance index of the football leagues of Europe calculated in the work, showing the stable growth of the industry in the pre-COVID-19 period.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.21003/EA.V189-05

Scenario-Based Optimization of Public Service Workflows Using Control Theory and P-graph Methodology

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa László Buics Boglárka Eisinger

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 120

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 403-408

Description:

Administrative workflows in public services, such as university enrolment are increasingly recognized as complex systems characterized by nonlinear dynamics, interdependencies, and variable operational constraints. These characteristics often lead to inefficiencies in resource allocation and compromise process sustainability. This study develops a novel control-theoretic optimization framework that integrates feedback, adaptive, and predictive control strategies with the P-graph methodology to address these challenges. The proposed approach models enrollment workflows using system dynamics and P-graph-based network optimization, enabling structured representation, real-time control, and scenario-based decision-making. To assess sustainability and efficiency, the model simulates varying scenarios of student demand, digital transformation levels, and administrative capacity. Key performance indicators (KPIs) such as resource utilization, delay reduction, and process flexibility are used to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of Model Predictive Control (MPC), discrete-event control, and feedback control strategies. Results show that optimized scenarios achieved a 50 % reduction in CO2 emissions and over 2 h reduction in average processing time, significantly improving sustainability. This research uniquely applies control-theoretic methods to public administration and extends the P-graph methodology beyond industrial domains. The outcome is a scalable decision-support framework for policymakers aiming to enhance the resilience and sustainability of administrative service processes under dynamic conditions.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET25120068

Effect of bacterial inoculation on co-composting of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) waste and cattle manure

E. Lakatos Ágnes Nagy Babett Greff András Sáhó Jenő Szigeti László Varga

Publication Name: 3 Biotech

Publication Date: 2021-06-01

Volume: 11

Issue: 6

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of Cellulomonas flavigena and Streptomyces viridosporus, as a bacterial inoculant, on the compostability of post-extraction lavender waste. The major physicochemical, microbiological, and biological properties of the composting materials were monitored for 161 days. The technology developed was shown to improve the compostability of recalcitrant herbal residues. The use of lavender waste beneficially affected the composting process by extending the thermophilic phase, accelerating the degradation of organic matter, and elevating the viable counts of useful microorganisms; however, adverse effects were also observed, including an increased carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (19.05) and a decreased germination index (93.4%). Bacterial inoculation was found to preserve the nitrogen content (2.50%) and improve the efficiency of biodegradation. The Salmonella- and Escherichia coli-free final composting products were mature, stable, and ready for soil application. To the authors’ knowledge, no previous research has investigated the compostability of lavender waste. Likewise, this is the first study that has used strains of C. flavigena and S. viridosporus in combination to facilitate a composting process.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02860-2

The effect of local samples in the accuracy of mid-infrared (MIR) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) -based spectral prediction models

Csaba Centeri Renato Kalocsai G. Milics Márton Vona Viktoria Vona B. Tomczyk A. Vér István Mihály Kulmány S. Sarjant Gergely Jakab

Publication Name: Precision Agriculture

Publication Date: 2022-12-01

Volume: 23

Issue: 6

Page Range: 2027-2039

Description:

Within the soil spectroscopy community, there is an ongoing discussion addressing the comparison of the performance of prediction models built on a global calibration database, versus a local calibration database. In this study, this issue is addressed by spiking of global databases with local samples. The soil samples were analysed with MIR and XRF sensors. The samples were further measured using traditional wet chemistry methods to build the prediction models for seventeen major parameters. The prediction models applied by AgroCares, the company that assisted in this study, combine spectral information from MIR and XRF into a single ‘fused-spectrum’. The local dataset of 640 samples was split into 90% train and 10% test samples. To illustrate the benefits of using local calibration samples, three separate prediction models were built per element. For each model, 0%, 50% (randomly selected) and 100% of the local training samples were added to the global dataset. The remaining 10% local samples were used for validation. Seventeen soil parameters were selected to illustrate the differences in performance across a range of soil qualities, using the validation set to measure performance. The results showed that many models already exhibit an excellent level of performance (R2 ≥ 0.95) even without local samples. However, there was a clear trend that, as more local calibration samples were added, both R2 and ratio of performance to interquantile distance (RPIQ) increase.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s11119-022-09942-y