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Found 6334 publications
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Autorouting in PCB Design †
Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 79
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This research aims to determine an optimized set of parameters for Altium Designer’s built-in autorouting function when applied on two- or more-layer printed circuit board (PCB) designs. An experimental approach is employed, creating a specific PCB layout with pre-placed components. The autorouting function is utilized to generate trace connections between components, with different parameter settings being tested to assess their impact on routing quality, efficiency, and speed. Routing time will be a key metric measured during this evaluation. The resulting autorouted designs will then be compared to a manually routed PCB designed by an engineer, considering factors such as routing neatness and adherence to design rules. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of the autorouting tool in PCB designs while potentially reducing design time.
Open Access: Yes
Combination of Sustainable Agriculture and Renewable Energy Systems
Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 114
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 913-918
Description:
It is now not a question anymore that the fossil fuel-based energy system of human civilization has to be converted into a sustainable energy cycle during the 21st century. In most cases, the introduction of related, novel energetical technologies and solutions leads to disadvantageous interferences with other fields of life. Perhaps the most critical example is the competition between the energy sector and the food industry for valuable agricultural land. Although the two utilization purposes are generally considered mutually exclusive, there are agro-energetical solutions where the two goals are not just indifferent, but they expressly increase each other's efficiency. Such solutions are the agro-photovoltaic systems, where photovoltaic panels are installed in a way that is advantageous for the crops below them. Some plants, such as berries, prefer shady to semi-shady environments, which can be optimally provided under partially covered PV fields. With the active control of the PV panels, ideal shading conditions and even mechanical protection can be ensured in case of extreme weather events. With the appropriate selection of the crop plants and the PV installation, cultivation processes are not hindered, can be highly automated, and the energy needs can be fully covered by the local PV system. From the above description, it is clear that the realization of efficient agro-photovoltaic systems is not just possible but really prosperous. This study offers a more detailed overview of currently realized solutions around the world, as well as a thorough planning process of an agro-photovoltaic project at the ZalaZONE test center, optimized for the Hungarian climatic and agricultural conditions and possibilities.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3303/CET24114153
Forecasting Bitcoin prices using artificial intelligence: Combination of ML, SARIMA, and Facebook Prophet models
Publication Name: Technological Forecasting and Social Change
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 198
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
In recent years, investors, corporations, and enterprises have shown great interest in the Bitcoin network; thus, promoting its products and services is crucial. This study utilizes an empirical analysis for financial time series and machine learning to perform prediction of bitcoin price and Garman-Klass (GK) volatility using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA), and Facebook prophet models. The performance findings show that the LTSM boost has a noticeable improvement compared to SARIMA and Facebook Prophet in terms of MSE (Mean Squared Error) and MAE (Mean Average Error). Unlike Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), a component of Deep Learning (DL), the finding explains why the bitcoin and its volatility forecasting difficulty has been partially met by traditional time series forecasting (SARIMA) and auto-machine-learning technique (Fb-Prophet). Furthermore, the finding confirmed that Bitcoin values are extremely seasonally volatile and random and are frequently influenced by external variables (or news) such as cryptocurrency laws, investments, or social media rumors. Additionally, results show a robust optimistic trend, and the days when most people commute are Monday and Saturday and an annual seasonality. The trend of the price and volatility of bitcoin using SARIMA and FB-Prophet is more predictable. The Fb-Prophet cannot easily fit within the Russian-Ukrainian conflict period, and in some COVID-19 periods, its performance will suffer during the turbulent era. Moreover, Garman-Klass (GK) forecasting seems more effective than the squared returns price measure, which has implications for investors and fund managers. The research presents innovative insights pertaining to forthcoming cryptocurrency regulations, stock market dynamics, and global resource allocation.
Open Access: Yes
Topography Pre-Treatment of Laser-Textured Surfaces for Friction Simulation in AVL Excite †
Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 79
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This study presents the challenges arising during the numerical design and simulation of surface-microtextured piston rings. The evaluation of performance is based on the values of asperity and hydrodynamic friction, as well as the lubricant film thickness. The simulation tool AVL Excite Piston & Rings is used to perform the calculations. The aim of this study is to understand how selected surface pre-processing (pre-treatment) steps affect the calculations. Two methods are presented to achieve a realistic surface topography representative of a state after running-in. Pre-treatment is performed through metrological filtering and thresholding of the topography, and Gaussian smoothing of the virtually applied micro-texture array is carried out. The results show the anticipated behavior of decreasing asperity and hydrodynamic friction losses with the concurrent application of both techniques.
Open Access: Yes
The Role of the Conformation of Holstein Cows in the Sustainability of Milk Production
Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 114
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 745-750
Description:
The conformation of dairy cows, referring to their physical form and the arrangement of body parts, plays a critical role not only physiologically but also economically. It is intricately linked to key sustainability traits such as milk production, reproduction, and longevity. Research has revealed genetic correlations between body conformation traits and first lactation milk yield ranging from 0.48 to 0.54, and correlations between fertility and type traits vary from zero to 0.79. The relationships between productive life or herd life and type traits range from –0.06 to 0.16, with negative correlations observed for characteristics such as rump angle, rear leg set, udder depth, and teat length. Larger cows with slightly positive conformation traits are associated with longer herd life. Specifically, cows with well-attached fore udders, high rear udder attachment, strong central ligaments, close front teat placement, and moderately long teats are linked to the longest functional, productive lives. The heritability estimates for conformation traits are moderate, ranging from 0.20 ± 0.047 to 0.38 ± 0.04. These correlations and heritability values highlight the need for breeders to reassess and prioritise conformation traits within Holstein dairy cow breeding programs. By revising the traits scored and incorporating new ones during selection, breeders can indirectly improve milk production, reproduction, and longevity, enhancing the sustainability of milk production. This review paper aims to summarise current official type evaluation systems for Holstein cows, underscore the significance of various conformation traits in sustainable milk production, and propose potential enhancements to the scoring system.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3303/CET24114125
Determining factors for tourist arrivals in Hungary
Publication Name: Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Development
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 8
Issue: 8
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This methodologically focused study examines the relationships between inflation and unemployment rates, political stability, and tourism, with particular emphasis on the impacts on tourist arrivals in Hungary. The research aims to uncover the direct and indirect influences of these macroeconomic indicators on the volume of tourism, specifically international tourist arrivals. The significance of the study lies in the clear correlation between economic stability and labor market conditions with tourism volume, where rising inflation and unemployment rates negatively correlate with the number of tourist arrivals. This relationship is further strengthened by the observation that improvements in political stability enhance tourist numbers over the long term, while political instability, such as conflicts and terrorist acts, negatively affects tourism demand. These correlations are crucial for aligning tourism policy with economic policy, as macroeconomic indicators and the political environment directly influence both domestic and foreign tourists’ willingness to travel. The research methodology focuses on forecasting using Random Forest and neural networks, which enables more accurate predictions of tourism volume and supports informed tourism policy-making. The findings indicate that the development of the tourism sector is closely linked to economic growth and underscore the necessity of boosting tourism to expand employment and maintain economic stability.
Open Access: Yes
A systematic literature review on green human resource management (GHRM): an organizational sustainability perspective
Publication Name: Cogent Business and Management
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 11
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
The purpose of this systematic literature review is to identify trends in Green HRM research related to sustainability over the past decade and to determine how green human research management (GHRM) research is related to sustainability, its antecedents, and the level of implementation. After analyzing keywords through the VOSviewer application, the results showed that green human resource management is an umbrella keyword, allowing the identification of related research areas such as environmental management and environmental sustainability. The results also showed that most (63%) of the selected articles were published in the last three years and most of the articles were published in Q1 journals. Furthermore, most articles used quantitative methodologies and were conducted in developing countries. It has also gained the highest interest in employees’ sustainable behavior and environmental sustainability, but there are few studies on social sustainability and economic performance. The study also found that the implementation level of GHRM in organizations is moderate, with very few studies in this aspect. The originality of this systematic review lies in examining the link between GHRM and corporate sustainability goals. This paper is limited to reviewing online sources using only academic articles from Scopus and Web of Science; other sources are ignored. It will help academics by providing future research directions for investigation. Top management can also better understand how GHRM helps organizations achieve sustainability goals.
Open Access: Yes
Soil pipe pattern dynamics and illustration of the erosional landforms from a geomorphological perspective
Publication Name: Advanced Tools for Studying Soil Erosion Processes Erosion Modelling Soil Redistribution Rates Advanced Analysis and Artificial Intelligence
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: Unknown
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 59-72
Description:
The primary objective of this research was to analyze the spatial pattern and interactions of dendritic rill channels and surface/subsurface channels (pipes)/collapsed pipes. To achieve this, photogrammetry drones were employed on over 70ha in the protected region of Takhtsoltan in Razavi Khorasan Province. This approach pinpointed areas impacted by erosions from subsurface channels (pipes)/collapsed pipes and dendritic rill channels and surfaces. Subsequent field visits documented 76 instances of subsurface channels (pipes)/collapsed pipes and 58 dendritic rill channels and surfaces, using orthophotos derived from the aerial drone images. In the analytical phase, topographical, hydrological, soil, and biological factors were examined as independent variables, whereas the types of erosion from subsurface channels (pipes)/collapsed pipes and dendritic rill channels were viewed as dependent variables. Spatial patterns of the subsurface channels (pipes)/collapsed pipes and dendritic rill channels were discerned using univariate functions. Further, bivariate functions were deployed to probe the interrelations, revealing that the distribution pattern of the study area's subsurface channels (pipes)/collapsed pipes is predominantly clustered, in contrast to the dispersed spatial pattern of the dendritic rill channels. This analysis also confirmed significant positive correlations between dendritic rill channel erosions and subsurface channels (pipes)/collapsed pipes. Ultimately, by identifying the erosional landforms of subsurface channels (pipes)/collapsed pipes and dendritic rill channels and understanding the spatial and processual relationships between them, a deeper insight into the natural processes inherent in their spatial structure was achieved, paving the way for devising suitable strategies for their timely management.
Open Access: Yes
Relationship between work-family conflict and emotional exhaustion in health care workers: Mediating role of self-efficacy and stress perception
Publication Name: Journal of International Studies
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 17
Issue: 4
Page Range: 163-178
Description:
This study examines the mediating role of self-efficacy and stress perception in the relationship between work-family conflict and emotional exhaustion in healthcare workers. The study's primary purpose is to reveal the effect of work-family conflict on the emotional exhaustion levels of healthcare workers and to understand how individual factors such as self-efficacy and stress perception affect this process. The study's central question is, “Is there a significant relationship between work-family conflict and emotional exhaustion, and what role do self-efficacy and stress perception play in this relationship?” The study was designed as a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. The study sample consisted of 313 healthcare workers working in public and private hospitals in Turkey. The data were determined using the convenience sampling method. The data were analysed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine direct and indirect relationships between variables. According to the analysis results, a significant and positive relationship was found between work-family conflict and emotional burnout. It was determined that the perception of stress strengthened this relationship, while the perception of self-efficacy weakened it. While the work-family conflict was observed to cause less burnout in individuals with high self-efficacy levels, it was determined that emotional burnout levels increased even more in individuals with a high perception of stress. These findings emphasize the effect of individual factors on the professional and personal balance of healthcare professionals. This study confirms the adverse effects of work-family conflict on the emotional burnout levels of healthcare professionals. The research findings show that self-efficacy is a protective factor, while perception of stress is a risk factor. Increasing self-efficacy is critical in ensuring work-family balance and reducing the risk of emotional burnout in healthcare professionals. These results indicate that institutional strategies should be developed to reduce the emotional burnout levels of employees in the healthcare sector. Additionally, flexible working hours and family-friendly policies are recommended to reduce work-family conflict.
Open Access: Yes
