Search in Publications

Found 6334 publications

Wide Open Spaces: How Low-Context Cultures Foster Creativity

Brant von Goble

Publication Name: International Scientific Business Conference Limen Leadership Innovation Management and Economics Integrated Politics of Research

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 2024

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Why are some cultures more creatively productive than others? This paper explores this question through the framework of high-and low-context cultures. It argues that low-context cultures—where listeners are assumed to have minimal background knowledge or implicit understanding—foster creativity by forcing evaluation of a larger mental search space and encouraging speakers to assess and present their ideas explicitly. High-context cultures pro-mote seamless communication through shared understanding, but they may inadvertently stifle creativity by limiting the mental flexibility of presenters and audiences. They also tend to enforce conformity to cultural expectations. This paper concludes with recommendations to nurture originality and non-traditional thinking in high-context cultures.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.31410/LIMEN.2024.325

Using UTAUT2 modeling to investigate user acceptance of cashless technologies among university students in Hungary

Szabolcs Ramhap Eszter Szabó-Szentgróti Petra Kinga Kézai

Publication Name: Statisztikai Szemle

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 102

Issue: 4

Page Range: 344-366

Description:

In recent years, a new retail trend has emerged in the form of cashierless shops. The technology is appearing in more and more countries around the world and we are already seeing this innovative technology in Hungary. This study investigates the user acceptance of this technology among students in Hungarian higher education institutions. It examines the factors that influence attitudes towards cashierless transactions within the adapted framework of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2). Seven hypotheses were formulated based on previous literature and the research model. An online questionnaire survey was applied to investigate technology acceptance (n=959). During the questionnaire, respondents rated a total of 29 statements on a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 7. The variance-based structural equations (PLS-SEM) method was used for the research model analysis and hypothesis testing. The results show that the behavioural intention is significantly and positively influenced by performance expectancy, social influence and hedonic motivation. Furthermore, price sensitivity has been shown to have a significant negative effect on behavioural intention. The results of this research can serve as a guide for practitioners and policy makers who are planning to implement this technology. And the diffusion of cashierless technology provides an opportunity to replicate the research by examining the factors that influence actual usage.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.20311/STAT2024.04.HU0344

Nascent entrepreneurship at Hungarian universities: Experiences of the Hungarian Startup University Program

Novotny Ádám Szabolcs Ramhap Tibor Dőry Makai Attila Lajos Bavlsík Richard

Publication Name: Statisztikai Szemle

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 102

Issue: 3

Page Range: 231-260

Description:

The creation and growth of new innovative small firms brings significant socio-economic benefits. Developing the entrepreneurial competencies of university students is an effective way to motivate entrepreneurship. In this study, we investigate the characteristics of 187 university start-up project teams, involving 880 students, founded in the Hungarian Startup University Program (HSUP) at 27 Hungarian universities as well as the potential impact of the program. Based on a quantitative content analysis of progress reports prepared by nascent entrepreneurial student teams, we draw conclusions about the competencies and composition of teams, and the market and technological development of the innovative projects they work on. The analysis reveals several useful implications for educators and policy makers regarding the management and development of HSUP and other similar entrepreneurship education initiatives.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.20311/stat2024.03.hu0231

Machine Learning for Multi-Fault Classification in Park's Vector Trajectories of PMSMs

Adrienn Dineva Adam Zsuga

Publication Name: 2024 IEEE 22nd Mediterranean Electrotechnical Conference MELECON 2024

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 133-137

Description:

Space Vector Theory, also known as Park's Vector Method, is a frequently utilized technique for analyzing, modeling, and controlling electrical machines and drives. In motor diagnostics applications based on Park's Vector trajectory patterns, the assistance of domain experts is indispensable for Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD). Yet, simultaneously occurring faults may lead to feature overlap or accumulation, posing additional challenges for identification. In this paper a comparative analysis of automating Park's Vector Approach is presented, with combining the method with advanced ML techniques. Utilizing a magnetics-based Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) model, a custom simulated fault dataset is created for training purposes. The dataset is used to train three distinct models: a Siamese Network, EfficientNet and the Vision Transformer model. Throughout the evaluation, key classification metrics including the F1-score, precision, and recall are analyzed, alongside an examination of the training curves. The results indicate that the Park's Vector Approach combined with State-of-the-Art ML models efficiently detects anomalies and multiple faults. It highlights the models' ability to identify local features, accurately classify, and detect simultaneous faults, which is often challenging for domain experts due to the difficulty in distinguishing fault features of multiple faults even through visual inspection.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/MELECON56669.2024.10608573

Interplay of poverty, unemployment, education, and technology: Insights from Malaysia’s economic development strategies

Rabiul Islam Mohammad Fakhrul Islam Gazi Abu Horaira Sabina Sultana

Publication Name: Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Development

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 8

Issue: 10

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Malaysia’s economic development strategies have evolved significantly since independence, focusing on reducing poverty, enhancing education, and integrating technology to foster sustainable growth. Despite substantial progress, challenges persist in achieving inclusive development across rural and urban sectors. This study examines the effectiveness of Malaysia’s New Economic Model (NEM) in addressing poverty and unemployment through technological and educational advancements. Employing a qualitative approach, it reviews literature on technology’s impact on economic growth, poverty alleviation, and the role of tertiary education in national development. Analysis reveals that while NEM initiatives have attracted foreign investment and improved infrastructure, gaps remain in educational access and technological self-reliance. The findings underscore the need for targeted policies that enhance educational outcomes, promote inclusive technology adoption, and address structural inequalities to achieve sustainable economic development. Recommendations include bolstering vocational training, enhancing rural infrastructure, and fostering public-private partnerships in technology innovation to ensure equitable economic progress.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24294/jipd.v8i10.6357

Effect of Maleated Compatibilizer on the Mechanical Properties of PLA/Mustard Waste Biocomposites

László Lendvai Tej Singh Sándor K. Jakab

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 775-780

Description:

Natural fiber polymer composites of biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and mustard waste were fabricated with the addition of various amounts (0.25-2.00 wt.%) of maleic anhydride grafted PLA (PLA-g-MA), which was used as a coupling agent to improve interfacial adhesion between the components and thereby enhance the mechanical features of the biocomposite. PLA-g-MA was synthesized in-house by reactive melt grafting using dicumyl peroxide as a free grafting initiator. Preparation of the biocomposite samples was carried out using a twin screw extruder and an injection molding machine. The effect of PLA-g-MA concentration on the samples’ mechanical traits and surface hardness was investigated. Mechanical properties were determined using uniaxial tensile tests, flexural tests, and Charpy impact tests; additionally, the surface hardness was tested with a Shore D indenter. The tensile tests revealed that even the lowest amount (0.25 wt.%) of PLA-g-MA was sufficient to effectively improve the interfacial adhesion between PLA and mustard waste, as manifested in an increased tensile strength (34 to 39 MPa). Similarly, the flexural and the Charpy impact strength also exceeded that of neat PLA/mustard waste biocomposite by 31 % and 45 %, respectively. The addition of compatibilizer in higher concentrations than 0.25 wt.% did not improve the mechanical properties further, ascribed to the excess PLA-g-MA plasticizing the composite. Based on Shore D testing, the compatibilization did not affect the surface hardness of the biocomposites significantly.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114130

Susceptibility mapping for land subsidence and collapsed pipes in north-east Iran

Adel Sepehr Mehran Rezaei Rashti Narges Kariminejad Vahid Shafaie

Publication Name: Advanced Tools for Studying Soil Erosion Processes Erosion Modelling Soil Redistribution Rates Advanced Analysis and Artificial Intelligence

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 579-594

Description:

Land subsidence and collapsed pipes are considered among geomorphological hazards, causing significant damages annually in the form of direct and indirect costs. These hazards lead to notable changes in the landscape, land degradation, soil and water losses, and regional erosion and sedimentation. Consequently, the effective management of these hazards and the determination of relationships between their environmental factors for quantitative susceptibility assessment are of utmost importance. A trustworthy evaluation depends on the quality of available data and the selection of appropriate analytical and modeling methods. Given that no comprehensive study on land subsidence and collapsed pipes in Razavi Khorasan Province has been conducted so far and considering that the land degradation resulting from plain land subsidence and collapsed pipes are among the primary threatening hazards for the country and the province, particularly in recent years, the use of proper analytical and modeling methods for comprehensive and integrated management seems essential. This research was conducted using high-resolution satellite imagery in Razavi Khorasan Province. In this study, topographical and hydrological feature maps were prepared using a digital elevation model based on the boundaries of Razavi Khorasan Province. Physical and chemical tests were conducted on 624 soil samples collected throughout the province, and their raster maps were produced. Data pertaining to vegetation cover, land use maps, geology, and regional precipitation were also prepared and used as inputs for the models. The spatial locations of land subsidence and collapsed pipes across the province were identified in subsequent phases. Following this, using statistical and data mining methods, spatial modeling of the land subsidence and collapsed pipes was performed, and the best regional model for their evaluation was chosen. The AUC numerical value for both the support vector machine (SVM) and maximum entropy (ME) models ranges between 0.8 and 0.9, indicating an excellent evaluation of the models used in zoning the land subsidence. Ultimately, the ability to recognize the behavior and formation conditions of these hazards, to identify areas with greater susceptibility, to present a risk management model for land subsidence and collapsed pipes, and to distinguish critical and susceptible areas for land subsidence and collapsed pipes, along with their control methods, was provided. Notably, the SVM algorithm demonstrated superior efficacy in this study. The insights derived from identifying erosional structures of collapsed pipes and land subsidence and understanding their spatial interrelationships offer a robust foundation for devising timely and strategic management interventions in affected domains.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-443-22262-7.00010-2

Strengthening RC Slabs with CFRP Bars Using the Plastic Limit Method to Control Plastic Deformation

Marco Domaneschi Zahraa Saleem Sharhan Majid Movahedi Rad Raffaele Cucuzza

Publication Name: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 59

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 96-104

Description:

The objective of this work is to improve the punching strength and control the plastic deformation of two-way reinforced concrete (RC) slabs using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars. The efficacy of this reinforcement technique was evaluated by constructing four reinforced concrete flat slabs. One specimen was utilized as a reference slab, while the other three specimens were reinforced using the Near Surface Mounted (NSM) CFRP bars approach. The slabs, which had identical dimensions and steel reinforcement, were exposed to patch load, and tested until they reached the point of failure. For evaluating the strength of two-way reinforced concrete (RC) slabs, the Concrete Plastic Damage (CDP) constitutive model was developed and implemented. CFRP bars are inserted into the slab at a depth from the tension face to enhance their strength. The investigation commences with the calibration of a numerical model utilizing data obtained from laboratory experiments. This will be achieved by establishing an advanced analytical method that incorporates the plasticity of concrete damage and the use of CFRP bars, along with a multiplier to determine the plastic limit load. Numerical simulations are employed to investigate shear dynamics by including diverse elements. The results showed that an increase in the ratio of strengthening had a significant effect on shear strength.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3233/ATDE240532

Evaluation of Autonomous Vehicle Takeover Performance in Work-Zone Environment †

Attila Borsos Viktor Nagy Ágoston Pál Sándor Diovane Mateus da Luz

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 79

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The advent of autonomous vehicles (AV) could revolutionize the automotive industry by significantly improving safety, efficiency, and accessibility. Despite their potential to improve traffic safety by reducing human error, their integration into existing transportation systems presents significant challenges. This is particularly evident in scenarios involving takeover events, where there is a transition of control from the vehicle to the human driver. Our driving simulator study, involving 14 drivers in a work-zone environment, provides critical insights into the takeover performance of level 3 to level 5 AVs. The findings suggest that the successful integration of AVs depends on their seamless incorporation into existing systems and the readiness of drivers to adapt to this emerging technology.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2024079059