Gagan Deep Sharma

53064562000

Publications - 32

Sustainable finance in action: A comprehensive framework for policy and practice integration

Gagan Deep Sharma Aviral Tiwari Mansi Gupta Dhairya Dev Mansi Gupta

Publication Name: International Review of Economics and Finance

Publication Date: 2025-10-01

Volume: 103

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study examines the current state of sustainable finance and proposes a strategic roadmap for its advancement in policy and practice, emphasizing the integration of sustainability principles into financial systems to address global environmental and social challenges. Using an integrative literature review of 684 scholarly articles—combining bibliometric analysis with manual review—the research identifies six critical themes and highlights major barriers such as regulatory ambiguity, lack of standardized metrics, and limited data availability. It offers targeted recommendations for policymakers, financial institutions, and stakeholders to overcome these challenges. The study provides a novel methodological contribution by merging bibliometric and qualitative insights, and outlines practical strategies to enhance regulatory frameworks, encourage innovation in sustainable finance, and promote emerging technologies like blockchain and artificial intelligence. Ultimately, it supports the integration of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations into financial practices, fostering a more responsible and inclusive financial ecosystem.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.iref.2025.104511

Crude oil Price forecasting: Leveraging machine learning for global economic stability

Gagan Deep Sharma Aviral Tiwari Mohammad Razib Hossain Amar Rao Dhairya Dev

Publication Name: Technological Forecasting and Social Change

Publication Date: 2025-07-01

Volume: 216

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The volatility of the energy market, particularly crude oil, significantly impacts macroeconomic indices, such as inflation, economic growth, currency exchange rates, and trade balances. Accurate crude oil price forecasting is crucial to risk management and global economic stability. This study examines various models, including GARCH (1,1), Vanilla LSTM, GARCH (1,1) LSTM, and GARCH (1,1) GRU, to predict Brent crude oil prices using different time frequencies and sample periods. The LSTM and GARCH (1,1)-GRU hybrid models showed superior performance, with LSTM slightly better in predictive accuracy and GARCH (1,1)-GRU in minimizing squared errors. These findings emphasize the importance of precise crude oil price forecasting for the global energy market and manufacturing sectors that rely on crude oil prices. Accurate forecasting helps ensure economic sustainability and stability and prevents disruptions to production and distribution chains in both developed and emerging economies. Policymakers may choose to implement energy security measures in response to the significant impact of crude oil price volatility on the macroeconomic indicators. These measures could include maintaining strategic reserves, diversifying energy sources, and decreasing the dependence on volatile oil markets. By doing so, a country's ability to handle oil price fluctuations and ensure a stable energy supply can be enhanced.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2025.124133

Social capital as a driver of e-commerce development: Evidence from European panel data analysis

Gagan Deep Sharma Maria M. Grzelak Elżbieta Roszko-Wójtowicz Barbara Dańska-Borsiak

Publication Name: Equilibrium Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

Publication Date: 2025-06-30

Volume: 20

Issue: 2

Page Range: 681-712

Description:

Research background:E-commerce is a key driver of global economic growth, influenced by technological, economic, and social factors. While prior research has focused on economic andtechnological determinants, the macroeconomic role of social capital—defined by trust, norms, and networks—remains underexplored. Social capital reduces transaction uncertainty, strengthens consumer trust, and facilitates business expansion, yet its cross-national impact on e-commerce adoption requires further investigation. Purpose of the article: This study examines how social capital influences e-commerce development in European countries, exploring whether higher levels of social capital contribute to greater e-commerce adoption and transaction intensity while accounting for economic factors such as GDP per capita and disposable income. Methods: The study analyses panel data from 28 European countries (2015–2023) using the Social Capital Index (SCI) to measure national trust and networks. E-commerce activity is assessed based on online purchase participation and business turnover from digital sales. Panel data models with fixed and random effects are applied to examine the relationship between social capital and e-commerce adoption. Findings & value added: The results confirm that social capital significantly influences e-commerce adoption. Countries with stronger trust networks and social cohesion see higher participation in digital commerce. Economic conditions, including GDP per capita and disposable income, moderate this effect, with wealthier nations benefiting more from trustdriven e-commerce expansion. The study underscores the importance of fostering social capital to enhance consumer confidence, lower transaction costs, and promote sustainable digital market growth, offering policy recommendations to strengthen trust mechanisms and support e-commerce ecosystems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24136/eq.3781

How do economies decarbonize growth under finance-energy inequality? Global evidence

Gagan Deep Sharma Aviral Tiwari Hai Hong Trinh Diem Thi Hong Vo

Publication Name: Energy Economics

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 142

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The study investigates the multidecade complexity between economic growth and carbon emissions across income groups and regions for 180 economies over the past decades. We find that the global economy has been decarbonizing its economic growth. The effects of growth on decarbonization are conditional on outcome distributions. The Paris Agreement (COP21) and renewable energy consumption (REC) are robust mechanisms toward green growth. Financial development (FD) presents its moderation to decarbonized growth. The study makes the following novel contributions to prior literature streams. First, complex GDP-CO2 nexuses are conditional on green factors and decarbonization is foremost for our global inclusive growth. Second, the friendliness of FD to the environment relies on green transition. It is worth noting that financial institutions and markets are exposed to climate risk drivers leading to our great challenge to promote green finance. Decarbonization is our global and constant efforts toward inclusive growth. Under finance-energy inequality, renewable energy capacity and finance are critical to decarbonized economic growth.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2024.108172

Impact of technological advancement and greener energy on sustainable agriculture in Asia: Evidence from selected Asian countries

Gagan Deep Sharma Ritika Chopra Amar Rao Umer Shahzad Muhammad Ibrahim Shah

Publication Name: Sustainable Development

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 33

Issue: 1

Page Range: 221-237

Description:

Regardless of major advancements in food production, Asia continues to confront severe food security challenges. Sustainable agriculture presents entirely new prospects by prioritizing the productive worth of human, social, and natural capital—all of which are abundant in Asian nations or can be replenished at a relatively low financial expense. This paper sets out to explore the role of technological innovation, renewable energy use, financial development, globalization, and institutional quality on the environmental sustainability of agriculture, measured by the greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector for top 10 agricultural economies of Asia from 1990 to 2019. To attain the above objective, we employ a variety of econometric models capable of accounting for cross-sectional dependence, including the CS-ARDL model and the Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel Granger Causality tests. The result indicates that technological innovation as well as the use of renewable energy can reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector and thus contribute towards enhancing environmental performance of this sector in short and long run. Although globalization result is revealed to be positive, it turns out to be insignificant in both short and long run. Financial development exerts positive and significant effects on agricultural emissions while the institutional quality is found to be increasing the agricultural environmental performance. Finally, we provide policy recommendations based on the results of the study.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/sd.3106

Beyond Traditional Metrics: Developing and Validating a Multidimensional Scale for Consumer Financial Well-Being

Gagan Deep Sharma Mandeep Mahendru Nisreen Ameen The Khoa Do Vijay Periera Kamlesh Singh

Publication Name: Psychology and Marketing

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 42

Issue: 12

Page Range: 3141-3161

Description:

This paper proposes a scale for measuring consumer financial well-being (CFW), covering its dimensions and consequences. The holistic nature of the scale is a significant improvement on the existing measures of CFW, which cover only a few dimensions, such as debt and financial distress, without focusing on the consequences of CFW. The paper follows a rigorous process spanning five studies: Study 1, qualitative research aiming to generate and reduce items for the new scale; Studies 2 and 3, empirical analyses of data from India and the United Kingdom, respectively; Study 4, establishing the scale's nomological validity by testing its theoretical connections with mindful consumption and life satisfaction as outcomes; and Study 5, an experiment aiming to reinforce the scale's nomological validity by testing the effect of prevention focus (vs. promotion focus) as an antecedent for CFW. Utilizing the frameworks of dual-process and multiple discrepancies theories, the scale proposed by this paper consists of a four-factor solution (financial security, financial preparedness and satisfaction, financial resilience, and financial wisdom). On one hand, the study provides vital implications for marketing managers who want to encourage sustainable and responsible consumption patterns. Second, it informs marketing managers who want to design marketing or educational interventions that aim to improve CFW by developing financial wisdom. Third, our scale can assist financial planners with measuring and improving their clients' financial well-being and provides them with unconventional tools (e.g., financial wisdom) for doing so.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/mar.70029

Combined asymmetric influences of renewable energy consumption and categorical economic policy uncertainty on economic growth in Japan: New insights from QQR and KRLS approaches

Gagan Deep Sharma Magdalena Radulescu D. Balsalobre-Lorente Sanjeet Singh M. Usman

Publication Name: Environment Development and Sustainability

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study focuses on the asymmetric relationship between categorical economic policy uncertainty indices and Japanese economic growth and renewable energy consumption from January 1987 to December 2021. Economic policy uncertainty has multidimensional effects on the global economy. To address non-linearity, Kernel-Based Regularized Least Squares (KRLS) and quantile-on-quantile regression (QQR) are applied to examine the impact of fiscal policy uncertainty, monetary policy uncertainty, trade policy uncertainty, and exchange rate uncertainty on economic growth and renewable energy consumption. The average KRLS results indicate that fiscal and exchange rate policy uncertainty negatively influence economic growth, while uncertainty in monetary and trade policy has a favorable impact in the long-term. A significant decrease in renewable energy consumption is attributed to increasing fiscal and trade policy uncertainty indices, whereas monetary and exchange rate policy uncertainty contributes to the enhancement of renewable energy consumption. The QQR results align with the KRLS findings, with a slight variation for monetary policy uncertainty, which was found to be negligible for economic growth across all quartiles according to QQR approach. Given the recent increase in economic policy uncertainty due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ukrainian conflict, our findings support several crucial policy recommendations for promoting economic development and renewable energy consumption in Japan.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s10668-025-06156-w

Toward sustainable development: Revealing the dynamic impacts of the belt and road initiative on energy transition

Gagan Deep Sharma Arshian Sharif Muhammad Zubair Chishti Qi Xu

Publication Name: Sustainable Development

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 32

Issue: 6

Page Range: 7069-7095

Description:

This article investigates the influence of the belt and road initiative (BRI) on energy transition within the context of sustainable development goal (SDG) 7. The study utilizes daily data from May 3, 2017, to June 30, 2023, and deploys advanced econometric methods like heatmap-based QVAR, cross-quantilogram, and recursive time-varying methods. The findings determine that BRI can significantly foster the global energy transition process. Further, the Paris Agreement (PA) and green finance (GF) support the energy transition system by showing positive effects. In contrast, geopolitical risk (GPR) introduces disruptive elements that impede green energy production. Notably, the amalgamation of GF, PA, and BRI showcases the potential to not only facilitate SDG 7 but also contribute substantially to SDGs 8 and 13. Based on the above findings, the study suggests fostering synergies and collaboration between GF, PA, and BRI to maximize their combined impact on the energy transition, which may decrease the influence of GPR.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/sd.3069

From ESG to holistic value addition: Rethinking sustainable investment from the lens of stakeholder theory

Glenn W. Muschert Gagan Deep Sharma Gaurav Talan Vijay Pareira

Publication Name: International Review of Economics and Finance

Publication Date: 2024-11-01

Volume: 96

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Stakeholder theory calls for effective stakeholder management in the interest of sustainable businesses. Whilst there is a need to redefine ‘stakeholders’, investors (i.e. shareholders) can play an essential role in bringing a paradigm shift in shaping current business practices. In recent times, the ‘Environment, Society and Governance’ (ESG) approach has emerged as an alternative form of investment for key investors seeking change. However, certain deficiencies have been identified when it comes to ESG strategies, which have led to disagreements among sustainable investors. To plug this gap and overcome this challenge, we propose an alternative framework based on sustainable business practices that holistically adds value that is inclusive of all stakeholders. To this end, we conducted semi-structured interviews with social entrepreneurs, academics, and experts from the financial services industry in an emerging country context, namely India. Based on our text analysis of interview data, we propose a ‘Holistic Value Addition’ (HVA) framework of sustainable investment that builds on value-addition by businesses towards its stakeholders. We envisage that adoption of this framework will help sustain the sustainable agenda.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.iref.2024.103530

Using innovation and entrepreneurship for creating edge in service firms: A review research of tourism and hospitality industry

Gagan Deep Sharma Babak Taheri Dariusz Cichon Jaya Singh Parihar Aeshna Kharbanda

Publication Name: Journal of Innovation and Knowledge

Publication Date: 2024-10-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 4

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This paper aims to inform policy and research in the domain of tourism and hospitality on the role of innovation and entrepreneurship. The paper applies the review research methodology to collate, comprehend, and synthesise 139 papers selected through a standard procedure. Our findings show that innovation drives growth and value in new tourism and hospitality firms. The study examines external factors, particularly government policies, influencing industry stakeholders’ entrepreneurial orientation and the macroeconomic environment affecting entrepreneurial activities. It also highlights the importance of social entrepreneurship in industry innovation and sustainability. This article emphasises the importance of innovation and entrepreneurship in tourism and hospitality growth, value creation, and social and environmental issues.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jik.2024.100572

Environmental apprehension under COP26 agreement: Examining the influence of environmental-related technologies and energy consumption on ecological footprint

Gagan Deep Sharma Magdalena Radulescu D. Balsalobre-Lorente M. Usman Amar Rao

Publication Name: International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology

Publication Date: 2024-08-01

Volume: 21

Issue: 12

Page Range: 7999-8012

Description:

Governments internationally strive to balance environmental health and economic development. Modern economies, specifically emerging ones, emphasize the importance of eco-friendly progress, where the pace of economic growth limits the ecological footprint. The ecological footprint denotes both the trajectory of natural resource extraction in the economic process and how quickly these resources can be replenished, as well as the capacity of the ecological sector to absorb waste from this process. This study examines 38 countries from 1994 to 2020 to investigate the drivers of the ecological footprint and found that environmentally related technologies harmfully influence ecological deprivation but are positively affected by gross domestic product growth. Renewable energy diminishes pollution levels, while urbanization has an insignificant effect. Imports were only found to be significant with one econometric technique, and their impact on the ecological footprint was positive. Income level affects the influence of gross domestic product on the ecological footprint. Lower-income quantiles have a more significant impact than higher quantiles. The Granger causality test shows bidirectional causality between the ecological footprint and exogenous factors: eco-technologies, gross domestic product/capita, renewable energy, urbanization, and imports.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s13762-024-05526-7

Empowering energy transition: Green innovation, digital finance, and the path to sustainable prosperity through green finance initiatives

Gagan Deep Sharma Mohammad Razib Hossain Amar Rao Dhairya Dev Aeshna Kharbanda

Publication Name: Energy Economics

Publication Date: 2024-08-01

Volume: 136

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study delves into the intricate relationship between financial digitization and green innovation, aiming to shed light on their dynamic interplay within a global context. Spanning from 2003 to 2020, the study encompasses 15 diverse countries, encompassing both developed and emerging economies, including Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russian Federation, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the USA. It not only explores the direct connection between financial digitization and green innovation but also takes into account various controlling factors such as economic growth, industrial value addition, research and development expenditure, and gross national expenditure. The key findings from quantile regression reveal financial digitization have a significant positive effect, indicating that in countries with lower green innovation levels, an increase in digital financial services significantly boosts green innovation. This positive impact persists across quantiles, even in countries with higher green innovation levels, albeit to a lesser degree. Economic growth consistently shows a negative association with green innovation across all quantiles. Research and development expenditure consistently demonstrate a positive relationship with green innovation across all quantiles, emphasizing that countries allocating a higher percentage of their economic growth to research and development expenditure activities experience substantial increases in green innovation. This underscores that countries allocating a higher percentage of their economic growth to research and development expenditure activities experience substantial increases not only in green innovation but also in the facilitation of green finance initiatives.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107736

Financial inclusion as a tool for sustainable macroeconomic growth: An integrative analysis

Gagan Deep Sharma Mandeep Mahendru Shubham Chavriya

Publication Name: Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics

Publication Date: 2024-06-01

Volume: 95

Issue: 2

Page Range: 527-551

Description:

Despite extensive research on the relationship between financial inclusion and macroeconomic growth, little is known about the role of financial inclusion as a significant driver of macroeconomic growth in developing countries. Financial inclusion could boost sustainable macroeconomic growth, which has been a key policy goal for governments worldwide because it affects employment, population, inequality, and poverty. This study explores the influence of crucial financial inclusion indicators on developing countries' macroeconomic growth. The study shows that digital finance, financial technologies, financial outreach, financial literacy, demographics access to finance, microfinance and financial stability are the ways through which financial inclusion affects macroeconomic growth. We used the Scopus database to get information from 419 research articles and analyzed those to figure out how financial inclusion affected macroeconomic growth from 2006 to 2020. The study will help policymakers, governments, and marketers develop policies to involve everyone in the financial system, which results in macroeconomic growth.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1111/apce.12427

Nexus between environmental degradation and climate change during the times of global conflict: Evidence from CS-ARDL model

Gagan Deep Sharma Sanjeet Singh Pooja Bansal Dhairya Dev Jaya Singh Parihar

Publication Name: Environmental and Sustainability Indicators

Publication Date: 2024-06-01

Volume: 22

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

There has been a substantial amount of research done on air pollution, both in terms of its history and its state at the present time. On the other hand, the ever–changing influence of climatic variables such as sun hour, air pressure, and wind speed has gotten just a small portion of the attention. This divide becomes even more apparent when one considers the ongoing conflicts that are taking place between Russia and Ukraine as well as the current state of the environment's response to climate change. In order to bridge this research gap, the goal of this study is to explore the ways in which climatological factors impact air quality, especially levels of PM2.5 and ozone, in a range of cities situated in India, during 2020–2021. Studies conducted over brief and extended periods of time have made it abundantly evident that sun hour, wind speed, and humidity have an impact on ozone levels. The study also sheds light on prospective policies that may be implemented in the future, such as those relating to carbon emission and particulate pollution such as PM2.5, in order to successfully battle the negative impacts that these variables have on the environment.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.indic.2024.100368

Energy-growth nexus for ‘Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness Index’ countries: Evidence from new econometric methods

Gagan Deep Sharma Mandeep Mahendru Aviral Tiwari Mansi Gupta Solomon Nathaniel Mansi Gupta

Publication Name: Geoscience Frontiers

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 3

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study explores the connections between renewable energy consumption (REC), non-renewable energy consumption (NREC), gross fixed capital formation (GFCF), the labor force (LF), and economic growth (GDP) in Renewable Energy Country Attractiveness Index (RECAI) countries for 1991–2016. We quantify the nexus between REC, NREC, and GDP while utilizing a production model framework and including the measures of labor and capital, for suggesting a phase-wise strategy to attain the sustainable development goals. We use robust methodologies including Lagrange Multiplier (LM) panel unit root tests with trend shifts, Westerlund cointegration test, LM bootstrap technique for cointegration with breaks, continuously updated fully modified (CUP-FM) and continuously updated bias-corrected (CUP-BC) estimators, Augmented Mean Group (AMG) approach, fully modified ordinary least squares, dynamic ordinary least squares, Canonical Cointegrating Regression (CCR), and panel causality test proposed by Canning & Pedroni. We compute non-parametric time-varying coefficients with fixed effects for seeing the impact of GFCF, LF, REC, and NREC on GDP. Our results press upon policymakers to shift toward clean energy and REC for attaining the environmental goals (SDGs 6, 7, 13, and 15) and the economic goals (SDGs 1, 2, 8, and 10). While this shift would help developed economies, which have already attained the economic goals, to progress on the front of environmental goals, it would enable developing countries to progress on both fronts in a balanced manner.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.gsf.2023.101704

Artificial intelligence, disruption of financial markets and natural resources economy in the digital era

Gagan Deep Sharma Seyfettin Erdoğan Ayfer Gedikli Shawkat Hammoudeh

Publication Name: Resources Policy

Publication Date: 2024-05-01

Volume: 92

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2024.104953

Past, present, and future of block-chain in finance

Gagan Deep Sharma Aviral Tiwari Ritika Chopra Dhairya Dev

Publication Name: Journal of Business Research

Publication Date: 2024-04-01

Volume: 177

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Diverse businesses are investigating the possibility of redefining their current operational systems in light of the latest blockchain, initially developed for Bitcoin traBitcoinns. This research examines the existing literature on blockchain and its application in the finance sector. This paper provides a systematic literature review of the uses of blockchain in the finance sector. To conduct the review, we performed a boolean search on the Scopus database and obtained 149 records, which we then analyzed bibliometrically using the bibliometrix package in R. The categorization of the existing literature into themes resulted in identifying the following six significant research themes: financial inclusion, sustainable finance, blockchain technology, cryptocurrencies, and artificial intelligence. Following the inductive analysis, we propose a conceptual framework that includes components such as the digital financial revolution, innovation, entrepreneurship, the financial market, sustainable business development, and financial innovation and sustainability. These findings are utilized to suggest future lines of inquiry for this area of study, including the necessity of methodological development and theoretical foundation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2024.114640

Innovation-Driven E-Commerce Growth in the EU: An Empirical Study of the Propensity for Online Purchases and Sustainable Consumption

Gagan Deep Sharma Maria M. Grzelak Elżbieta Roszko-Wójtowicz Barbara Dańska-Borsiak

Publication Name: Sustainability Switzerland

Publication Date: 2024-02-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 4

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The e-commerce sector has experienced significant growth in the past two decades, outpacing other economic sectors and contributing to sustainable consumption, increased labour productivity, competitiveness, consumer incomes, and GDP growth. This trend is expected to continue, making e-commerce a key driver of sustainable economic growth in Europe. This study aims to explore the relationship between a nation’s innovation level and its population’s inclination towards online shopping in various EU member states. It hypothesizes that higher innovation levels within a country lead to a greater tendency for online purchases. This study conducts a thorough analysis of the interplay between European economies’ innovation levels and the e-commerce market’s evolution. A composite innovation index was created using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methodology, and panel data models were utilized to examine the dependencies, with data from Eurostat and the Global Innovation Index. The focus is on the period from 2019 to 2021, which was marked by unique market dynamics and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings confirm the significant role of innovation in driving e-commerce expansion within the context of sustainable consumption, supporting the main hypothesis. This research also highlights the pandemic’s positive effect on the e-commerce sector. The pandemic-induced changes in consumer behaviour, particularly due to social isolation and crises in certain economic sectors, have emphasized the importance of online shopping. Notably, the most active online shoppers are identified in the 25 to 54 age group, revealing a key demographic trend.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/su16041563

From Over-Tourism to Under-Tourism via COVID-19: Lessons for Sustainable Tourism Management

Gagan Deep Sharma Mandeep Mahendru Ravi Chatterjee Vibha Arora Irum Shahzadi

Publication Name: Evaluation Review

Publication Date: 2024-02-01

Volume: 48

Issue: 1

Page Range: 177-210

Description:

With various strains of the novel coronavirus emerging during the last few years, there is a need to reinvent and manage the tourism industry by engaging various stakeholders. Industry and policymakers need to observe the shift and curate tourism-related products and offerings accordingly. In light of the increasing demand for innovations and future directions in the post-COVID-19 period, this article conducts a bibliometric analysis for sustainable tourism studies spanning the years 1990–2021. This paper presents an integrative review of tourism, environment and sustainable tourism to reveal geographical, contextual, and methodological directions for future research. The comprehensive analysis includes contributions on topics and methods, country collaborations, and thematic analysis. The findings are consistent with the Sustainable Development Goals of sustainable production and consumption (SDG-12), with a particular emphasis on sustainable tourism to promote local culture and create jobs (SDG-12.b) and on sustainable growth (SDG-13). The study’s findings can be used to inform future policies and directions; for example, the findings indicate that the hospitality industry is facing challenges that necessitate new regulations to address its socioeconomic and environmental impacts.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1177/0193841X231189805

Carbon conundrums: Geopolitical clashes and market mayhem in the race for sustainability

Gagan Deep Sharma Mansi Gupta Mohammad Razib Hossain Amar Rao Jaya Singh Parihar Mansi Gupta

Publication Name: Journal of Environmental Management

Publication Date: 2024-01-15

Volume: 350

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This research presents an in-depth investigation into the dynamic correlation between geopolitical conflicts and carbon markets utilizing the Time-Varying Parameter Vector Autoregression (TVP-VAR) technique. The analysis focuses on the interconnectedness between the Geopolitical Risk Index Daily (GPRD) and vital carbon pricing instruments, specifically the Intercontinental Exchange Endex European Union Allowance (ECEFDC), KraneShares California Carbon Allowance Strat ETF (KCCAK), Shanghai Environment and Energy Exchange China Emission Allowances Online Transactions (SAXCEA), and S&P Global Ex-Japan LargeMidCap Carbon Efficient Index (SPGJ). The daily fluctuations were traced from May 2021 to July 2023. The analysis is divided into short- and long-term connectedness, with particular emphasis on the impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on the GPRD's spillover on carbon markets. The short-term connectedness (1–5 days) between GPRD and ECEFDC shows variability, fluctuating between 10% and 40%. Conversely, long-term connectedness exhibited a significant increase during the conflict, peaking at approximately 34% by mid-2022. The analysis of the Total Dynamic Connectedness (TCI) between the GPRD and the KCCAK indicates comparable magnitudes, although with minor initial discrepancies. The short-term connectedness of GPRD and KCCAK decreases from its peak of approximately 10% to approximately 1%. Conversely, long-term connectedness varies between approximately 32% and 2% from May 2022 onwards. The long-term connectedness between GPRD and SAXCEA revealed variable patterns, peaking at around 18% at the beginning of the sample period and rapidly reducing to around 1% within two months. The analysis of the connectedness between GPRD and the SPG) identifies intense fluctuations in both TCI and long-term connectedness. After an initial increase and decrease, these patterns rebound and experience another increase. This research provides significant insights into the complex dynamics of geopolitical conflicts and carbon markets, particularly the impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on carbon market behavior.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119631

Energy in the backseat? Investigating decarbonization dialogue in supply chain tweets during and after COVID-19

Gagan Deep Sharma Tuhin Sengupta Umer Shahzad Amar Rao

Publication Name: Annals of Operations Research

Publication Date: 2026-04-01

Volume: 359

Issue: 1

Page Range: 581-613

Description:

While we move into the seventh year of the signing of Paris agreement, research scholars and supply chain firms have paid a lot of emphasis on environmental sustainability with the aim of achieving net zero targets by 2050. However, the global pandemic has somewhat disturbed the focus from environment to resilience due to severe economic implications of COVID-19. In this paper, we contribute to the very scant discussion on Twitter Analytics by analysing supply chain tweets with COVID-19 at the backdrop. Our approach involves analysing how decarbonization related discussions have evolved by capturing the tweets across three timelines: pre pandemic, pandemic and post pandemic. By integrating descriptive analytics, content analytics and machine learning algorithm in topic modelling, we extract textual intelligence related to emissions and pollution from leading firms involving supply chain management. We find that although decarbonization related discussions are at bare minimum in terms of the proportion of discussions within the supply chain context, the overall emotion of tweets indicate fear across all three timelines. Moreover, it was surprising to note that although pollution levels came down due to low economic activity during pandemic, we found more discussions during COVID in comparison to pre-COVID times. Pollution and waste caused by plastics, fuel consumption, reduction in greenhouse gas emission are some of the key topics that emerged during pandemic times. Our paper makes a modest contribution on the role of social media analytics within supply chain context around COVID-19.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s10479-023-05806-4

Work from home practices as corporate strategy- an integrative review

Laszlo Vasa Gagan Deep Sharma Anirudh Agrawal Ritika Chopra Amar Rao Pawan Budhwar

Publication Name: Heliyon

Publication Date: 2023-09-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 9

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The Covid 19 pandemic led to major changes at the individual, organisational and institutional levels of policy, productive functions, and organising. During Covid 19 morbidity, public institutions enforced social isolation, mandatory self-isolation, quarantines, and administrative regulatory lockdowns, which led to a movement away from the physical, material world and into an all-consuming digital universe. With growing interest in work-from-home (WFH) opportunities, this article provides an integrative review of 107 papers. It comprises the bibliometric analysis and manual review of the articles, on the basis of which we present an elaborative discussion and agenda for future research. According to the analysis, WFH looks a tad of a double-edged sword in that it may have major but unintended repercussions for institutions, and organizations as well as hidden, positive as well as negative consequences for individuals/employees. One of the significant insight from our analysis was the absence of HR function's strategic or operational input or oversight during corporate WFH strategies. We suggest several theoretical frameworks for further developing, theorizing, and empirically testing various aspects of WFH. Further, we recognise that WFH is becoming increasingly visible as a result of the pandemic scenario and significant technical advancements, which must be reflected in the research. Finally, because WFH represents a significant disruption in how organizations produce work and manage it, we propose employee and managerial consequences as future research agendas.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19894

What do we learn from Nexus between trade diversification and structural change: informing the future about climate action and Sustainability

Gagan Deep Sharma Diogo Ferraz Buhari Doğan Amar Rao Irum Shahzadi

Publication Name: Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Publication Date: 2023-08-01

Volume: 30

Issue: 40

Page Range: 92162-92181

Description:

Economic complexity is considered key a driver of social change, structural change, and economic development. Economic complexity is mostly used to capture issues apropos product diversification of exports, trade, technological innovation, human knowledge, and skills. The current study has conducted a detailed bibliometric review of economic complexity, export quality, and trade diversification. In doing so, the authors used the literature up to 2021 to unveil economic complexity’s contextual information that witnessed structural change, social change, and trade indicators. The current study is the first integrative review to report the theoretical contribution, future research agendas, and thematic analysis of economic complexity, export quality, and export diversification. Our study, on the subject of economic complexity, export diversification, and import diversification in the period from 1966 to 2021, was carried out by systematically scanning 386 documents, and it is one of the pioneering studies in this field. In addition, economic diversity, development, and economic complexity; export diversification, import diversification, trade openness, and economic growth; energy, environmental Kuznets curve, and economic complexity; and sustainability and economic diversification are the four main research topics of the study. The findings are discussed apropos of economic complexity and exports, methodological aspects of economic complexity, and environmental issues nexus with economic complexity. The current study reports novel findings toward a path for achieving SDG-9 (industry and innovation) and SDG-13 (climate action). The biometric review enables researchers and policymakers to understand export quality, economic complexity, and the trade nexus and report future research directions for achieving sustainable growth in industries and innovation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28770-9

The reaction of the metal and gold resource planning in the post-COVID-19 era and Russia-Ukrainian conflict: Role of fossil fuel markets for portfolio hedging strategies

Rabeh Khalfaoui Gagan Deep Sharma Kamel Si Mohammed Buhari Doğan Urszula Mentel

Publication Name: Resources Policy

Publication Date: 2023-06-01

Volume: 83

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The prime objective of this article is to examine the policy-making role of metal markets, gold resources, and clean energy markets in the post-COVID-19 era and the Russia-Ukrainian military conflict. In doing so, we analyze the role of fossil fuels, clean energy, and metals markets, considering the military conflict in Ukraine in 2022. The study employs event study methodology (ESM), Total connectedness index (TCI), and network analyses. The results indicate that natural gas and clean energy prices are less affected by conflict in the aftermath of an invasion than traditional energy and metals markets. In addition, we observe an increase in the TCI in the energy markets during announcement days. The TCI of the metals market is greater than that of the energy market. According to network connectivity, the key asset class transmitters of the shock in Europe are the Geopolitical index (GPR), gold, and the clean energy stock index (ERIX). The U.S. markets are less affected by the situation in Ukraine. The average hedge suggests that the optimal hedge differs from one market to the next, with fossil fuels and renewable energy, respectively, being more hedge effective and reducing risk by an average of around 0.80 and 0.59, given their ability to function as a hedging instrument.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.103654

How do European seniors perceive and implement the postulates of sustainable tourism?

Gagan Deep Sharma Klaudia Przybysz Agnieszka Stanimir Elżbieta Roszko-Wójtowicz

Publication Name: Equilibrium Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 4

Page Range: 1217-1249

Description:

Research background:Tourism is one of the fastest-growing sectors of the economy, thus the implementation of sustainable solutions in tourism ought to be a worldwide adopted requirement. Tourists should seek to pursue sustainable development goals during their travels. Given the aging population, it is important to encourage seniors to practice sustainable tourism and tailor offerings to their needs. Purpose of the article: Our study aims to identify the readiness of seniors within the European Union to travel in line with the sustainable development goals. Methods: Representative data from Flash Eurobarometer 499 were used in the study presented in the article. Correspondence analysis, which is a multidimensional statistical method that facilitates the search for relationships between multiple characteristics of respondents, was used in the course of our study. Findings & value added: We conclude that the offer of future tourist solutions must be diverse, because the perception of tourism is very different among seniors with varying ages, genders, levels of education, and places of residence. Only small groups of seniors are not ready to adopt sustainable tourism, but many European tourists intend to continue using sustainable solutions and introduce new ones into their tourism. The greatest determination to apply sustainable solutions was observed among German seniors, especially in the use of green transportation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24136/eq.2023.038

The Equity Imperative: Revisiting COP Frameworks Through a Justice Lens

Gagan Deep Sharma Mandeep Mahendru Jaya Singh Parihar Aarushi Jain

Publication Name: Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management

Publication Date: 2025-09-01

Volume: 27

Issue: 4

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study examines the commitments made in the Conference of the Parties (COP) summits, COP 3 (Kyoto), COP 15 (Copenhagen), COP 21 (Paris), and COP 28 (Dubai). It critically investigates global climate initiatives concerning sustainability and environmental justice. While these summits have played a pivotal role in shaping international climate diplomacy, persistent gaps remain between pledges and their implementation — particularly in mobilising adequate financial and technical support for developing countries. Drawing on Political Ecology Theory and Environmental Justice Theory, the study examines how structural asymmetries and historical inequalities may continue to shape global climate governance. We highlight how, in some instances, well-intentioned environmental leadership may risk overlooking equity and inclusion, particularly when developing nations are expected to meet ambitious climate standards without proportionate support. At the same time, the paper acknowledges critical progress made through COP processes — such as the Paris Agreement’s recognition of common but differentiated responsibilities (CBDRs) and the establishment of the Loss and Damage Fund at COP 27 and COP 28. Policy recommendations include the institutionalisation of independent climate finance audits and the integration of justice-centred accountability frameworks into global climate policy. By situating contemporary climate negotiations within a historical and justice-based framework, the paper calls for more inclusive, transparent, and accountable COP mechanisms. This includes amplifying the voices and needs of those most vulnerable to climate change, particularly in the Global South.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1142/S1464333225500127

Artificial intelligence-driven management: Bridging innovation, knowledge creation, and sustainable business practices

Gagan Deep Sharma Babak Taheri Khushboo Raina Dhairya Dev Shubham Chavriya

Publication Name: Journal of Innovation and Knowledge

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 11

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) from expert systems and fuzzy logic to sophisticated technologies such as deep learning and big data analytics has transformed modern management practices. This study explores how AI-driven management practices can effectively bridge innovation, knowledge creation, and sustainable business practices, thereby contributing to long-term organizational growth and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). By employing a comprehensive review research technique and analyzing 1,377 articles from the Scopus database, this study uncovers critical themes, sub-themes, variables, and their interlinkages. The findings demonstrate AI’s transformative potential across diverse domains, including human resource management, consumer service management, strategic leadership, operational efficiency, and customer experience enhancement. This paper addresses the role of AI governance frameworks that prioritize ethical considerations such as accountability, transparency, privacy, and cybersecurity, while fostering innovation-oriented knowledge creation. Despite significant advancements, knowledge gaps remain in integrating AI with innovative business models to achieve sustainability objectives. The study concludes by offering research and policy recommendations to promote AI-driven innovations that are ethically sound, operationally efficient, and socially responsible. This work contributes to the discourse on AI’s role in enhancing knowledge systems and innovation processes, providing valuable insights for scholars, practitioners, policymakers, and business leaders.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jik.2025.100860

Unveiling temporal and frequency spillovers: Climate-risk indices and energy futures markets

Laszlo Vasa Gagan Deep Sharma Mandeep Mahendru Anshita Sachan Amar Rao

Publication Name: Journal of Environmental Management

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 395

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study investigates the time- and frequency-domain spillover dynamics between climate-risk indices, namely the Transition Risk Index (TRI), Physical Risk Index (PRI), Global Climate Policy Uncertainty (GCPU))and major energy futures markets, including ICE Europe Brent crude oil futures (continuation), the global crude benchmark (Brent), ICE Europe Low Sulphur Gasoil futures, a European middle-distillate benchmark (Gasoil), Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) Abu Dhabi Murban crude oil futures (continuation), a Middle Eastern light-sweet benchmark (Murban), Shanghai Crude, New York Harbor Ultra-Low Sulphur Diesel futures (NYMEX) continuation (ULSD), and West Texas Intermediate crude oil futures (NYMEX Light Sweet Crude Oil futures continuation) (WTI). Employing a flexible econometric framework based on TVP-VAR and quantile connectedness, the analysis uncovers non-linear, asymmetric, and time-varying spillovers, with markedly stronger linkages during extreme market conditions and in the short term. Energy commodities, particularly Gasoil and WTI, emerge as significant net transmitters of transition risks, amplifying volatility during periods of stress, while long-term spillovers remain relatively weak, reflecting gradual decarbonization trends. The unique contribution of this paper lies in extending the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) by integrating climate risks as dynamic, state-dependent, and non-diversifiable factors, thereby demonstrating how energy asset sensitivities fluctuate across regimes and quantiles. This approach advances the asset pricing and climate finance literature beyond static models by embedding dynamic connectedness into risk transmission analysis. The findings highlight the systemic nature of climate risks and underscore the importance of adaptive financial regulation, forward-looking climate policy, and flexible risk management practices to mitigate volatility and support the global energy transition. These insights provide actionable guidance for policymakers, regulators, and investors navigating the evolving interplay between climate risks and energy markets.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.127847

Strategic Innovation for Sustainability: A Conceptual Model Linking Digitalization, Social Dynamics, and Climate Change Mitigation

Gagan Deep Sharma Alberto Ferraris Sascha Kraus Ritika Chopra Dhairya Dev

Publication Name: Business Strategy and the Environment

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study addresses a significant research gap in the literature by systematically reviewing and synthesizing the interplay between social dynamics, environmental changes, and organizational innovation. Although prior research has explored these dimensions in isolation, the integrative framework remains lacking. To address this, we conducted an integrative review that combined bibliometric and content analyses of 845 peer-reviewed articles, following the PRISMA guidelines for methodological rigor. Our study reveals that digitalization, social innovation, and technological advancement collectively empower firms to navigate complex social and environmental challenges, fostering sustainable innovation and resilience. Theoretical contributions are grounded in the Triple Bottom Line, Innovation Diffusion Theory, and Resource-Based View theory, offering a robust framework for understanding how organizations balance their economic, social, and environmental performance. Key findings highlight the pivotal role of communication, collaboration, and knowledge sharing in driving innovation, as well as the importance of integrating social and environmental responsiveness into strategic resource management. This study advances the literature by presenting a comprehensive framework that incorporates organizational innovation with broader sustainability outcomes, thereby informing both academic research and practical strategies for sustainable business transformation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1002/bse.70471

Renewable energy and the macroeconomic space in India: A Bayesian VAR approach

Gagan Deep Sharma Anshita Sachan Swapnanil SenGupta

Publication Name: Renewable Energy

Publication Date: 2026-04-01

Volume: 261

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

India's rapid rise as a global renewable energy producer is occurring alongside a significant economic transformation. The present study explores the relationship between renewable energy production (REN) and key economic drivers, namely, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), foreign direct investment (FDI), trade openness, patents, oil production, and public-private participation in energy over the period from 1990 to 2021. Using a Bayesian Vector Autoregression (BVAR) framework, we uncover nonlinear and time-varying effects: patents stimulate renewable output but with diminishing returns, FDI consistently suppresses growth in renewables, GDP exhibits an inverted U-shaped relationship, and trade openness follows a U-shaped trajectory. Oil production initially supports but later crowds out renewable generation, while private investment shows delayed positive effects after an initial drag. Variance decomposition highlights a shift from self-driven dynamics in the short run toward macroeconomic and structural determinants in the long run, with GDP, FDI, and R&D increasingly explaining variation in REN over time. The findings posit that renewable energy in India is both a driver and a product of wider economic shifts, calling for policies that synchronise innovation, trade, finance, and energy governance to ensure a resilient low-carbon transition.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2026.125298

Rethinking sustainable tourism through innovation and knowledge: A conceptual framework for policy and practice

Gagan Deep Sharma Elżbieta Roszko-Wójtowicz Dariusz Cichon Jaya Singh Parihar Aeshna Kharbanda

Publication Name: Equilibrium Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy

Publication Date: 2025-12-30

Volume: 20

Issue: 4

Page Range: 1459-1491

Description:

Research background: Tourism plays a central role in global economic development and cross-cultural exchange. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a growing focus on integrating sustainability, innovation, and equity into tourism practices. Traditional models have often overlooked the complex interplay of social, environmental, and economic challenges faced by destinations. This has spurred a rethinking of tourism development, driven by community empowerment, climate concerns, and technological advances. Purpose of the article: The study aims to explore how a transformative approach to tourism can be achieved by centering community participation, embracing sustainability, and incorporating innovative social practices. It focuses on the intersections of social innovation, ruralluxury travel, heritage preservation, and inclusive governance. The authors seek to construct a conceptual framework that captures emerging themes and sub-themes within sustainable tourism, offering practical insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders. Methods: An integrative review approach was applied, guided by PRISMA methodology. Following keyword extraction, topic modeling was conducted using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a widely used technique for discovering hidden topics in text data. Over 12,000 academic sources from the Scopus database were synthesized. A conceptual model was developed through inductive analysis to identify interrelationships between tourism-related themes. Findings & value added: The key findings highlight the transformative potential of strategies that align tourism practices with environmental stewardship, local empowerment, and innovative management approaches. The study underscores actionable implications such as the establishment of innovation hubs, and cross-sector partnerships, offering pathways to foster a tourism sector that not only supports global sustainable development goals, but also ensures long-term community resilience and equitable development.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.24136/eq.4010

Equitable Economic Development in Global South through Sustainable Mineral Policy: Role of Political and Governance Factors

Gagan Deep Sharma Umer Shahzad

Publication Name: Politicka Ekonomie

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 73

Issue: 5

Page Range: 769-777

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1514