Péter Nagy

57219993506

Publications - 5

Particle Number Concentration and SEM-EDX Analyses of an Auxiliary Heating Device in Operation with Different Fossil and Renewable Fuel

I. Zsoldos György Szabados Péter Nagy I. Szabó

Publication Name: Inventions

Publication Date: 2024-02-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Pollution from road vehicles enters the air environment from many sources. One such source could be if the vehicle is equipped with an auxiliary heater. They can be classified according to whether they work with diesel or gasoline and whether they heat water or air. The subject of our research series is an additional heating system that heats the air, the original fuel is gasoline. This device has been built up in a modern engine test bench, where the environmental parameters can be controlled. The length of the test cycle was chosen to be 30 min. The tested fuels were E10, E30, E100 and B7. A 30-min operating period has been chosen in the NORMAL operating mode of the device as a test cycle. The focus of the tests was particle number concentration and soot composition. The results of the particle number concentration showed that renewable fuel content significantly reduces the number concentration of the emitted particles (9.56 × 108 #/cycle for E10 vs. 1.65 × 108 #/cycle for E100), while B7 causes a significantly higher number of emissions than E10 (3.92 × 1010 #/cycle for B7). Based on the elemental analysis, most deposits are elemental carbon, but non-organic compounds are also present. Carbon (92.18 m/m% for E10), oxygen (6.34 m/m% for E10), fluorine (0.64 m/m% for E10), and zinc (0.56 m/m% for E10) have been found in the largest quantity of deposits taken form the combustion chamber.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/inventions9010013

Heat Characteristics and Emission Effect of a Fuel-operated Auxiliary Air Heater Fed with Fuel E10, E30 and E100

I. Zsoldos György Szabados Péter Nagy

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 68

Issue: 2

Page Range: 181-186

Description:

In order to increase the comfort of vehicle passengers in specific vehicle categories, the heating of the passenger compartment is not provided by the heat from the engine driving the vehicle but by an additional heating device. The study examines the effect of auxiliary heaters that use liquid fuels to heat the passenger compartment of vehicles. The device was operated during the test with two different mixtures containing bioethanol (E30, E100) and the original motor gasoline (E10). It aimed to understand the effects of different fuels, particularly heating performance, operating time and emissions. Based on the results, as the ethanol content increases, the temperature of the device’s flame and heating air decreases. The experiments showed that in the case of E100 bioethanol, the average temperature measured in stable operating conditions was significantly lower than in the case of E10 motor gasoline. That suggests that an increase in the ethanol content reduces the heating performance. Another significant result of the study was that in the case of mixtures containing ethanol, a longer operating time is required to achieve the same amount of heat, which leads to additional fuel consumption. In addition, when using E100 bioethanol, the amount of harmful gases that are emitted increases significantly during the longer operating time. This observation can be important for evaluating the environmental impact and efficiency of vehicles.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPme.36911

Examination of the Emission of Gas-Phase Components, Including Some Not-Conventional Ones from a Parking Heater, While Increasing the Bioethanol Content of the Fuel

I. Zsoldos György Szabados Péter Nagy

Publication Name: Energies

Publication Date: 2023-06-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 12

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The air pollutant emissions of a motor vehicle do not only mean the emissions from the engine used for propelling the vehicle. Another possible source is the passenger compartment heater. In the focus of our research, we investigated the effect of mixing gasoline-powered cabin air and ethanol (E10, E30, E100 on a volumetric basis) on the emissions of the equipment. Among the pollutant components examined, there were conventional components and so called not-conventional components. The chosen length of the test was 1800 s, while the intake air parameters temperature (tin) and relative humidity (h) have been kept constant (tin = 15 °C, h = 30%). Bioethanol mixing has a significant reducing effect on NOx (oxides of nitrogen) and CO2 (carbon dioxide). As for the components CO (carbon monoxide), THC (total hydrocarbons), CH4 (methane) and N2O (nitrous oxide), the values of the components reach usable values only in the start-up and burnout phases, while in the stable-operation phase, their values are outside the limit of detectability. A small part of THC is only CH4; a more significant part is NMHC (non-methane hydrocarbons). The results of the developed vehicle fleet model for calculating the GHG (greenhouse gas) emissions of a vehicle fleet equipped with such a device showed that the fleet’s GHG emissions are less than 1% of the annual emissions from the combustion of transport fuel.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/en16124786

Comparing the Combustion Process and the Emission Characteristic of a Stationary Heating Device System and an Internal Combustion Engine with Experimental Investigation

I. Zsoldos György Szabados Péter Nagy Jan Rohde-Brandenburger

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 51

Issue: 1

Page Range: 96-104

Description:

Stationary heating devices can be used to warm up the coolant of an internal combustion engine or the cabin air of a vehicle. This kind of heat engine transforms the chemical energy content of liquid fuels into heat energy. The combustion process and the emission of such a device is in focus in this study, which would be the first part in a greater project in the field. Therefore, some relevant parameters have been established. Relevant cycles have been chosen for the kinds of heat engines. It means a normal mode cycle for the stationary device and a WLTC cycle in the case of the direct injection gasoline engine. Fuel used was the same for both. This heat transfer process is such, that the combustion seems to be quite simple and rough in the stationary device compared to that of in internal combustion engine. This means an inhomogenous combustion with non-premixed flame at a low combustion temperature. This situation affects the emission characteristic accordingly, so causes low NOx and relatively high particle relevant emission comes out from the device. As far as the device's particle relevant emission is concerned it would be suitable for further investigation described at the end of the article.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPtr.18751

A Review on the Differences Between Particle Emission, Filtration and Regeneration of Particulate Filters of Diesel and Gasoline Engines

I. Zsoldos Péter Nagy

Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 22

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 158-173

Description:

The exhaust aftertreatment systems of diesel passenger cars have been equipped with diesel particulate filters since 2009 when the EURO 5 standard was introduced. This device is a trap for particulates, which originate from internal combustion engines in soot form. These particles must be filtered because they are able to enter the bloodstream through the human respiratory system and can cause an adverse effect on health. Investigations conducted after the 2016 diesel scandal concluded that gasoline engines with direct injection systems commonly in use today, also produce a high number of particles, therefore they must be equipped with gasoline particulate filters. The current EURO 6d TEMP regulation introduced in September 2017 specifies that the NEDC-regulation has to be replaced gradually with the WLTP investigation and the RDE realistic vehicle tests, thus making the real results of the measurements impossible to avoid. Also the particulate emission per one hundred kilometers will be observable in case of direct injection gasoline engines. This paper presents the formation of soot particles during the combustion processes of diesel and gasoline engines, the deposition of particles in particulate filters and explores and analyses the differences between the regeneration processes due to the deposition of particles.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-9529-5_14