Jozsef Nagy

57906971900

Publications - 5

Legal Framework and Data Storage Background of Online Collected Data for Predictive Maintenance and Repair Purposes in the Automotive Sector in the European Union

István Lakatos Jozsef Nagy Roland Kelemen Gergely G. Karácsony

Publication Name: IEEE Access

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 13

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 157986-158000

Description:

This research begins with a simple but essential question: In predictive vehicle maintenance, where should raw data from a car be stored? Some argue that it makes sense to keep it within the vehicle, managed directly by its control units. Others prefer sending it to a backend system for evaluation by larger models. We found that this decision cannot be made based solely on technical reasoning. The legal conditions surrounding personal data, cybersecurity, product responsibility, and AI-based systems in the European Union carry equal weight in shaping feasibility. These regulations not only impose constraints but also actively influence the design and application of such technologies in real-world scenarios. The findings suggest that legal barriers frequently limit implementation more than current technical capabilities. Addressing these constraints early in the design process is crucial, as they define not only what types of data processing are permitted but also how predictive maintenance services can be delivered to users. To support responsible development, this study proposes a legal-technical framework tailored to the European regulatory landscape. It aligns predictive maintenance systems with key European Union regulations, including the GDPR, Cybersecurity Act, Cyber Resilience Act, and AI Act.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3594772

Acoustic fingerprint in vehicle manufacturing as a basis for future applications

István Lakatos Jozsef Nagy

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The spread of new energy vehicles has opened a new chapter in premium-class acoustics. In e-mode, hitherto inaudible noises - suppressed by traditional engines - have become audible. Therefore, it is necessary to make subjective noises objective. The first step is to make them comparable by measuring. The result of the sum of these spectrograms is an acoustic fingerprint of the vehicle. The next step is to add them to a database. Early failure prediction and the avoidance of redundant service activities by using automated event detection led to financial savings. Data processing with machine learning opens space for car workshop support applications, and it is also possible to prevent critical failures that may begin with the help of predictive models (predictive service).

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2025.01260

Predictive Maintenance and Predictive Repair of Road Vehicles—Opportunities, Limitations and Practical Applications †

István Lakatos Jozsef Nagy

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 79

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

With drastic increases in the complexity of road vehicles, increasing environmental and cost pressures have led to the obsolescence of previous fixed-schedule maintenance systems. The aerospace industry, following the road vehicle industry, is also beginning to use the predictive maintenance method increasingly widely. A possible next step for critical breakdowns could be a predictive service. While preventive maintenance is able to be used more frequently, the possibility of preventive repair is also limited to the fault symptoms, and is unsuitable for preventing fast-running breakdowns. Due to the current state of technological development in this area, it will take a few more years for lower-priced cars to catch up to the sensor and data structures of current premium-series vehicles, such that the mass use of these methods in road vehicles can become widespread.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2024079027

The past, the present and the future of online road vehicle diagnosis from car and scan tool communication perspective

István Lakatos Jozsef Nagy

Publication Name: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering

Publication Date: 2023-09-15

Volume: 39

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 52-58

Description:

In the luxury vehicle class, online internet connection has become a standard feature in the recent years. This process is likely to spread completely in all vehicle categories in the coming years. In the past, computer supported vehicle diagnostics started with On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) I standard in the late 1960's. This has been followed by OBD II in 1996, which allows a fully standardization regardless of vehicle manufacturer and models, based on a generic scan tool. Even its communication with the vehicle electronic architecture has been developed rapidly followed by the new technologies. This way of car analysis has been extended also for non-emission related functions. Online data collecting and analysis provides not only solutions in the car production and service but in its development process too. For example, it can help you to set realistic thresholds by defining an OBD strategy for many in-car systems and functions to avoid customer complaints, warranty costs and recalls afterwards. From predictive maintenance / repair perspective it is possible to monitor material properties, vibrations, damages potentials also in processes e.g. welding and soldering. The dynamic development of telecommunication and automotive technologies hand in hand will provide completely new ways for 'car to diagnostics back end' communication in the future without using a scan tool device and its physical in-vehicle interface.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3233/ATDE230419

Possibilities of Using of Online Vehicle Diagnostics in the Future

István Lakatos Jozsef Nagy

Publication Name: Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 71-83

Description:

In the premium vehicle category, real-time online internet connection has become a standard in recent years. This trend is likely to spread completely in the automotive industry in the coming years. This fact offers a lot of new options in the field of vehicle maintenance (and predictive maintenance). Another possible use case may be remote diagnostics of in-use vehicles on the market, analysis of their online data and thereby an extension of the product development process after SOP. An additional new option may be to automatically collect, evaluate and generate of onboard diagnostics data to report to different authorities. E.g. OBFCM (onboard fuel consumption) or IUMPR j3 (in use monitoring performance ratio) field reports. In vehicle production, during the test drive, it could be possible to read and log of measurement data of the finished vehicle’s control units online Another application may be to test vehicles online during the production process e.g. to read of DTC’s (diagnostics trouble codes) during technical tests or to monitor of SoC (state of charge) of battery online while moving vehicles within the factory.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-15211-5_7