Éva Berde

8306295200

Publications - 8

TURNING THE TRIPLE BURDEN OF UKRAINIAN DEPOPULATION INTO A QUADRUPLE BURDEN: THE RESULTS OF A SURVEY AMONG UKRAINIAN REFUGEE WOMEN

Sándor Remsei Éva Berde

Publication Name: Economics and Sociology

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 1

Page Range: 296-312

Description:

The effects of the Russian-Ukrainian war on Ukraine's demographic landscape are immense. One key consideration is whether Ukrainian refugee women intend to return to their country after the war ends. If the return is planned, the question of whether they would wish to have children is also relevant. This study explored these issues by surveying women who fled to Hungary and the Netherlands. Among those surveyed, 42% did not plan to return under any circumstances, and only 12% intended to return even if their home area came under Russian control. Logistic regression was used to identify factors influencing the intention to return, with reluctance to have additional children and income earned through employment emerging as the strongest explanatory factors. However, we found only modest associations between the intention to return and other variables. Our findings suggest that deeply rooted personal preferences shape these women’s plans.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.14254/2071-789X.2025/18-1/16

Intergenerational Interaction, Financial Well-Being, and Ageism in Kazakhstan During Covid Pandemic

Muyassar Kurbanova Éva Berde

Publication Name: Journal of Intergenerational Relationships

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 23

Issue: 1

Page Range: 108-124

Description:

As the age of a population increases, different problems arise in a society, which inevitably leads to ageism. The introduction of extraordinary measures to protect the older adults during COVID-19 further exacerbated the complexity of ageism and led to worsened financial well-being for households. This study aims to determine the financial and other factors associated with different ageist attitudes. 286 respondents from Kazakhstan participated in the online study, and the hypotheses were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The results indicated a strong relationship between economic status and ageist behaviors. Moreover, COVID was positively associated with unfavorable ageist attitudes, whereas experience with older people reduces negative perceptions toward older people. Contribution: The results add new evidence to the intergenerational research that investigated ageism triggers. It suggests that financial well-being is one of the main components of negative ageist behavior, while it does not have an impact on positive one.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2024.2306514

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) for Ethiopian Educators: Evaluating MOOCs as a global development tool

Seyoum Teffera Mengesha Sándor Remsei Belaynew Asrie Mola Éva Berde

Publication Name: Research in Globalization

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 9

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study examines how global educational technologies interact with local development priorities through the lens of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) in Ethiopian higher education teacher training. While digital learning platforms promise to democratize education globally, their effectiveness depends critically on alignment with local institutional contexts and development needs. Using survey data from 164 educators across 15 public universities, we investigate how institutional contexts shape technology integration patterns. Our analysis, integrating development theory with technology acceptance models, reveals three critical dimensions: the gap between awareness and participation reflects broader implementation challenges; previous experiences with development initiatives significantly influence adoption patterns; and state support proves crucial for enabling participation. While MOOCs offer potential for professional development in resource-constrained contexts, their effectiveness depends on complex interactions among infrastructure quality, institutional capacity, and material conditions. These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of how global technological innovations interact with local institutional contexts to produce varied development outcomes, while offering practical insights for educational technology implementation in the Global South.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.resglo.2024.100263

Working while studying at Széchenyi István University in Gyor

Sándor Remsei Éva Berde

Publication Name: Statisztikai Szemle

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 101

Issue: 10

Page Range: 915-932

Description:

In April 2023, we conducted a survey among undergraduate students at the Széchenyi István University of Győr, where almost 500 evaluable questionnaires were collected. We not only wanted to find out the working habits of students in Gyor but also to reveal how much undergraduate students are involved in the platform economy. However, we found examples almost exclusively of food deliveries, although more than 55% of students worked somewhere. Nearly half of the working students were involved in work activities for more than 40 hours per month. This paper focuses on analysing the correlations between working students' salaries and their other characteristics. To this end, in addition to descriptive statistical analysis of the survey results, we use an ordinal logistic estimation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.20311/stat2023.10.hu0915

Environmental Sustainability and the First Demographic Dividend. The Case of Four Eastern African Countries

Seyoum Teffera Mengesha Éva Berde

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 133-138

Description:

Sub-Saharan Africa faces immense challenges in spurring economic development and alleviating poverty, while these countries also should protect the environment amid population growth and industrial development. This study analyses the interrelationships between demographic change, economic growth, and pollution in four East African countries – Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, and Uganda – from 1990-2019. Using panel data and econometric analysis, the paper examines whether declining fertility rates and parallel diminishing of the youth dependency burdens are associated with accelerated growth and rising emissions. The results affirm that falling fertility has opened a window of opportunity through the ‘first demographic dividend’, which can catalyse growth by increased shares of working-age individuals. However, this growth has been accompanied by rising carbon dioxide emissions, underscoring potential trade-offs between environmental and economic objectives. The findings highlight the importance of complementary health, education, governance, and sustainable production investments for countries to leverage their demographic dividends for inclusive and green growth. Successfully doing so will be vital to achieve multiple Sustainable Development Goals simultaneously.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107023

Does the demographic dividend with human capital development yield an economic dividend? Evidence from Central Asia

Muyassar Kurbanova Éva Berde

Publication Name: Post Communist Economies

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 35

Issue: 2

Page Range: 154-178

Description:

Both fertility and mortality rates are declining in the five Central Asian countries, so far resulting in an increasingly working-age population. The main question is whether these countries can benefit from this demographic transition while having different economic structures and diverse ethnicities. Our article shows the importance of demographic, economic, and human capital indicators and the influential role of governance indicators such as the Political Corruption Index and Egalitarian Democracy Index for economic growth. Based on the data from 1991 to 2018, the analysis has been conducted by employing fixed effect estimation with Driscoll-Kraay standard errors. The findings indicate that human capital with proper education and an appropriately absorbed labour force does have a more powerful effect on the demographic benefit. In addition, improving the quality of governance has a significant impact on economic growth.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/14631377.2022.2164782

Financial development and economic growth in Ethiopia: Is there a causal link?

Seyoum Teffera Mengesha Éva Berde

Publication Name: Cogent Economics and Finance

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 11

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The relationship between financial development and economic growth has been widely debated in the economics literature, but the results have been inconsistent and vary between the short and long run. In this study, we investigate the causal relationship between financial development and economic growth in Ethiopia using annual data from 1980 to 2021. We employ the Toda-Yamamoto causality test and the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) modeling framework to analyze the data. Our results show that none of the variables are stationary at the level, but after applying first differences, all variables become stationary. Using the Toda-Yamamoto causality test, we find no causality running from financial development to economic growth, but there is evidence of reverse causality from economic growth to financial development. Furthermore, the NARDL model results suggest that economic growth drives financial development, and the relationship between financial development and economic growth in Ethiopia is nonlinear and asymmetric. Specifically, neither positive nor negative shocks to economic growth affect financial development in the short run, but both affect it in the long run and in joint short run and long run effects. We conclude from our study that financial development may not guarantee economic growth without building better institutions and following sound and stable fiscal policies. Consequently, constructing an effective economic growth strategy that maintains financial development is crucial. Our findings have significant implications for policymakers, academics, and investors and underscore the importance of informed decision-making based on a thorough understanding of the relationship between financial development and economic growth.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/23322039.2023.2245309

GDP per capita and human capital investment in five countries after exhaustion of the first demographic dividend

Izabella Kuncz Petra Németh Eszter Szabó-Bakos Sándor Remsei Éva Berde

Publication Name: Regional Statistics

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 5

Page Range: 908-929

Description:

As total fertility rates (TFRs) decline globally and life expectancy rises, population aging presents significant economic challenges, including a shrinking working-age population and slower economic growth. This paper examines the impact of aging on economic growth trajectories in China, Hungary, Italy, Sweden, and the Republic of Korea, exploring how differing aging patterns influence economic outcomes. Using a general equilibrium model where agents optimize over an infinite horizon, the study projects GDP per capita and per worker over 60 years. The selected countries, each with TFRs below the replacement level for over three decades, are grouped based on demographic aging indicators. GDP trajectories are shaped by the ratios of the older and young populations to the workingage group and changes in workforce size. Human capital investment is a key component of the model, as each child, while they are young, receives human capital investment every year. This investment determines their future productivity in the workforce and, consequently, the productivity of the overall economy. To our knowledge, no prior research has examined human capital investments across multiple periods in models with infinitely optimizing agents and their cumulative impact on economic productivity. The findings suggest that aging trajectories significantly shape economic growth paths, underscoring the need for tailored strategies to sustain growth in different demographic contexts.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.15196/RS150504