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Found 6525 publications

Numerical analysis of a 2D vector hysteresis measurement system under construction

Miklós Kuczmann

Publication Name: Journal of Electrical Engineering

Publication Date: 2006-12-01

Volume: 57

Issue: 8 SUPPL

Page Range: 44-47

Description:

This paper deals with the numerical analysis of a vector hysteresis measurement system which is under construction. The aim is to build up a single sheet tester with round shaped specimen. The goal of simulations is to find out the main features of the measurement system. The 3D finite element method (FEM) with tetrahedral mesh has been applied for investigations of the nonlinear eddy current field problem. The characteristic of the magnetic material has been taken into account by the isotropic vector Preisach model. The nonlinearity has been handled by the polarization method and the nonlinear system of equations has been solved by the fixed point technique. The first results are presented in this work. © 2006 FEI STU.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Utilizing the inherent electrolysis in a chip-based nanoelectrospray emitter system to facilitate selective ionization and mass spectrometric analysis of metallo alkylporphyrins

Vilmos Kertesz Gary J. Van Berkel

Publication Name: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

Publication Date: 2012-04-01

Volume: 403

Issue: 2

Page Range: 335-343

Description:

A commercially available chip-based infusion nanoelectrospray ionization system was used to ionize metallo alkylporphyrins for mass spectrometric detection and structure elucidation by mass spectrometry. Different ionic forms of model compounds (nickel (II), vanadyl (II), copper (II), and cobalt (II) octaethylporphyrin) were created by using two different types of conductive pipette tips supplied with the device. These pipette tips provide the conductive contact to solution at which the electrolysis process inherent to electrospray takes places in the device. The original unmodified, bare carbon-impregnated plastic pipette tips were exploited to intentionally electrochemically oxidize (ionize) the porphyrins to form molecular radical cations for detection. Use of modified pipette tips, with a surface coating devised to inhibit analytemass transport to the surface or slow the kinetics of the analyte electrochemical reactions, was shown to limit the ionic species observed in the mass spectra of these porphyrins largely, but not exclusively, to the protonated molecule. Under the conditions of these experiments, the effective upper potential limit for oxidation with the uncoated pipette tip was 1.1 V or less, and the coated pipette tips effectively prevented the oxidation of analytes with redox potentials greater than about 0.25 V. Product ion spectra of either molecular ionic species could be used to determine the alkyl chain length on the porphyrin macrocycle. The utility of this electrochemical ionization approach for the analysis of naturally occurring samples was demonstrated using nickel geoporphyrin fractions isolated from Gilsonite bitumen. Acquiring neutral loss spectra as a means to improve the specificity of detection in these complex natural samples was also illustrated. © Springer-Verlag (outside the USA) 2012.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5676-x

Does import product diversification enhance energy demand in developed and developing economies? A policy-based analysis in the context of trade sustainability

Rabeh Khalfaoui Irum Shahzadi Buhari Doğan Sudeshna Ghosh Irum Shahzadi

Publication Name: Energy Sources Part B Economics Planning and Policy

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 20

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Import product diversification is a major parameter in international trade. Import diversification contributes to economic growth and affects the environment due to its impact on energy consumption. In this article, we investigate the impact of import product diversification along with income, oil prices, natural resources, population, and foreign direct investment on energy demand, covering a composite sample of 102 developing and 36 developed economies over the period from 1995 to 2020. We also assess the impact of import diversification on energy demand considering all sub-samples. We find a significant long-run cointegration between total energy demand and import diversification for both developed and developing countries, confirmed by Pedroni cointegration tests. We further denote that import diversification together with other independent variables is stationary after the first differences in LLC unit root tests. Contrary to traditional methods, we apply panel quantile regression and conclude that import diversification, GDP, oil prices, foreign direct investment, natural resources, and population share long-run integration with total energy consumption for both developed and developing countries. The Dumitrescu and Hurlin short-run causality test confirms the existence of pair-wise bidirectional causality between all independent variables including import diversification, GDP, oil prices, natural resources, foreign investment, and population with energy demand. Our empirics conclude with important policy implications for sustainability.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/15567249.2024.2437677

Misinterpretation of sample contamination in a Hungarian casework

Gábor Kovács Zsolt Pádár

Publication Name: Forensic Science International Genetics Supplement Series

Publication Date: 2015-12-01

Volume: 5

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: e425-e427

Description:

The risk of contamination is a generally recognized and intensively researched field of forensic DNA [1–5]. In spite of quality assurance systems, recommendations and regulations, this risk is always present even in routine casework as evidenced by this example from Hungary. In a murder case, buried bodies were discovered and exhumed. The genetic analyses of remains were performed in two different laboratories (A and B). In case of unidentifiable N.N. body the first analysis in “Lab A” used the soft tissues (muscle) from bone sample. Based on the results, the first two opinions of “Lab A” excluded the biological relationship of N.N. with the putative relatives. The subsequent analysis of “Lab B” used the soft tissue parallel to the bone sample from the N.N. body, and the opinion supported the hypothesis of biological (maternal) relationship with high probability (W = 99.999%). We examined and tried to resolve the contradictions presented by the two interpretations, which originate from contamination of the remaining soft tissue.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2015.09.169

A scalable parallel genetic algorithm for solving linear systems

Gyozo Molnárka

Publication Name: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Engineering Computational Technology

Publication Date: 2006-12-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

For solving linear system of equations is known several algorithms. Iteration algorithms are recommended for the large linear systems with sparse matrix. But in the case of general non-symmetrical or n x m matrices the classic iterative algorithms are not applicable with a few exceptions. For example in some cases the Lanczos type algorithms are adequate. The algorithm presented here based on the minimization of square of residuum of approximate solution and it has some genetic character. Therefore this algorithm seems to be applicable for construction of parallel algorithm. Here we describe a parallel version of proposed algorithm and give its theoretical analysis. © 2006 Civil-Comp Press.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

A meshless boundary element technique based on multi-level iterated Helmholtz-type interpolation

Csaba Gáspár

Publication Name: International Series on Advances in Boundary Elements

Publication Date: 2002-12-01

Volume: 13

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 105-114

Description:

A special scattered data interpolation technique is introduced. The interpolation problem is converted to a higher order auxiliary PDE, typically to an iterated Laplace or Helmholtz equation. To solve this PDE, robust multilevel methods are used which are based on a quadtree/octtree subdivision algorithm. Thus, the solution of large interpolation equations are avoided. Using this interpolation method, meshless techniques are constructed which require a set of boundary points only, without any structure. Theoretical results as well as numerical examples are also presented.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

THE RIGHT TO DEFENSE IN THE CONTEXT OF PENAL ENFORCEMENT: INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN HUMAN RIGHTS STANDARDS

András Czebe András György Payrich

Publication Name: Balkan Social Science Review

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 26

Issue: 26

Page Range: 205-227

Description:

This study analyses the evolution and current standards of the right to defense within the framework of penal enforcement, as developed under international and European human rights law. It examines how the guarantees of legal assistance, access to counsel, and fair treatment of persons deprived of liberty have been shaped by three major legal systems: the United Nations, the Council of Europe – particularly through the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights – and the European Union. The paper identifies the principal legal instruments and case law defining defense rights during imprisonment, including the UNCAT, the Nelson Mandela Rules, the ECHR, and the EU directives on procedural safeguards and legal aid. Special attention is given to the interaction between the ECtHR and the CJEU in harmonizing standards of fair trial and legal assistance. The analysis concludes that the right to defense in penal enforcement represents an evolving and integral component of the rule of law, requiring constant judicial oversight and coherent implementation across international and regional frameworks.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.46763/BSSR252626205gp

Leveraging Industry 4.0 Technologies in the Food Sector to Reduce Poverty (SDG 1)

Zuhaib Bhat Abdo Hassoun Mohamed Buheji Abderahman Rejeb Tarek Ben Hassen

Publication Name: Sustainable Development Goals Series

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Part F1068

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 51-67

Description:

This chapter examines how fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) technologies can serve as powerful enablers for poverty reduction by transforming the food sector, in alignment with Sustainable Development Goal 1 (SDG 1). Recognizing poverty as a multidimensional challenge, the chapter focuses on the role of recent technological innovations, such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, blockchain, and big data, among other Industry 4.0 technologies, in revolutionizing agriculture and the food industry. These innovative advances offer significant potential to enhance productivity, optimize resource use, reduce post-harvest losses, and increase market access for smallholder farmers and food producers. Through a literature review, the chapter outlines mechanisms by which Industry 4.0 can generate inclusive employment and elevate incomes in rural and underserved communities. The findings emphasize that effective digital transformation in the food sector requires targeted investments in infrastructure, skills development, supportive policy frameworks, and multi-stakeholder collaboration. By strategically leveraging Industry 4.0 innovations, the food system can become a critical vehicle for sustainable, inclusive economic development and long-term poverty alleviation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-032-06527-8_3

Design thinking for innovation in 3D VR over-voltage protection with memristor

Gyorgy Elmer Zoltan Kvasznicza Ildiko Perjesi-Hamori Ildiko Horvath

Publication Name: 11th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2020 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2020-09-23

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 417-424

Description:

This paper shows an example of CogInfoCom as during analyses the operation of a memristor in a real 3D VR based teaching. This paper looks at the possibility of the application of a macroscopic memristor (MR), not yet available, combined with a spark gap for over-voltage protection purposes. During teaching the memristor as a disruptive technologies the lecturers and the students do a close cooperative work in the 3D VR space, using several mathematical softwares for analyzing of not yet avaliable memristor, so the humans and ICT are not separable on cognitive level. In this 3D VR education the cooperation of the intelligent systems with humans help to analyse, systemize the information and create new information. Memristors will possibly find applications in the field of electromagnetic compatibility, specifically in over-voltage protection, so it is timely to include it in the curriculum of electrical engineering education in BsC level. The examination of a physically non-existent memristor is made possible by 3D VR space and mathematical and infocommunication softwares. So, presenting another cost-effective opportunity for the educational applicability of VR.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CogInfoCom50765.2020.9237879