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Found 6383 publications

Mechanics of the golf lip out

Mate Antali S. John Hogan

Publication Name: Royal Society Open Science

Publication Date: 2025-11-05

Volume: 12

Issue: 11

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Sometimes, when a golfer attempts to putt a golf ball, it appears to enter the hole, only to re‑emerge almost immediately, hav‑ ing undergone an angle of turn around the hole rim that can exceed 180◦. We consider the problem from the point of view of mechanics. We show analytically that there are at least two distinct types of lip out: the rim lip out, where the centre of mass of the golf ball does not fall below the level of the green, and the hole lip out where it does. At the heart of both lip outs is a family of degenerate saddle equilibria of the dynamics on the rim (the golf balls of death). When perturbed one way, the golf ball executes a rim lip out. When perturbed another way, the golf ball enters the hole, only to re‑emerge (provided it does not touch the base of the hole) if it is spinning about an axis perpendicular to the wall of the hole.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1098/rsos.250907

ADVANCED MACHINE LEARNING MODELS FOR PREDICTING DIFFUSION OF POLLUTION IN SOILS

Edina Koch Katalin Bene Shaymaa Alsamia

Publication Name: Kufa Journal of Engineering

Publication Date: 2026-04-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

the infiltration of hazardous chemicals into the soil causes soil pollution which poses significant risks to ecosystems and human health. For this reason, accurate predicting the diffusion of pollution in soils is important and critical for monitoring and protection the environmental state. In this study we have compared advanced machine learning ML models to predict vertical and horizontal pollution diffusion using complex and multimodal soil experimental datasets. Support vector regression, linear regression, gradient boosting regression, xgboost regression, k-nearest neighbours, and artificial neural networks were employed to build predicted models and compared with each other. The comparison criteria are measuring mean squared error, root mean squared error, mean absolute error, and R-squared as the metrics used to evaluate the predictive models performance. The observed results demonstrate that ensemble methods XGBoost and random forest, outperform other models in predicting pollution diffusion while XGBoost achieving the highest accuracy. On the other hand, linear regression was the least effective while k-nearest neighbours and artificial neural networks showed moderate performance.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.30572/2018/KJE/170201

Toward a circular U.S. economy: Green and artificial intelligence innovation, renewable energy, and domestic material consumption

Mohammad Fakhrul Islam Md Emon Ahmed Nur Mohammad Ali Clapher Ankur Gomes Mohammad Saiyedul Islam

Publication Name: Energy Sources Part B Economics Planning and Policy

Publication Date: 2026-01-01

Volume: 21

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Owing to the material-intensive industrial dependency of the United States (U.S.), reducing domestic material consumption (DMC) is vital for improving resource and material efficiency, addressing environmental challenges, achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and advancing dematerialization. To address this important gap in the literature, this study aims to evaluate the long-term associations of green technology innovation (GTI), AI innovation (AIN), renewable energy consumption (REC), trade openness (TOP), and GDP growth (GDPG) with DMC. This study employs the ARDL time series method, which relies on U.S. aggregate national-level data from 1990 to 2023, to explore the long-term cointegrated relationships among them. On the basis of the ARDL long-run estimations, GTI has a significant negative association with DMC, indicating the significance of eco-friendly innovations in dematerialization. Although green technologies reduce material pressure, AIN’s significant positive associations reflect AI innovations’ concern with extensive resource and material consumption in data centers. REC, with its significant negative association, demonstrates the importance of the renewable energy transition for dematerialization. In addition, TOP with a significant negative association indicates the country’s control over trade integration to reduce pressure on territorial material consumption. Moreover, GDPG has a significant positive effect on DMC, indicating that economic growth is associated with scale effects within industries. All these findings remain robust in FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR. Granger causality reveals two unidirectional and two reverse Granger causes, indicating predictive patterns of these relationships. The investigation emphasized implementing action-based policies within the country to succeed with dematerialization.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/15567249.2026.2685043

Fire simulation of different complex geometry tree objects using FDS

F. Hajdu Rajmund Kuti Cs Papp

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2025-06-27

Volume: 20

Issue: 2

Page Range: 67-72

Description:

Fire simulations are becoming more and more widely used in fire protection practices. In order to achieve more accurate results, it is inevitable that simulations are always developed. This study investigates the fire behavior of various complex wooden geometries. This research aims to enhance the understanding of fire propagation of different geometries made of wood. The simulations are performed using fire dynamics simulator, which incorporates heat transfer, combustion, and fluid dynamics principles. Key parameters like temperature and heat release rate are analyzed for each of tree geometries. The research contributes to the development of more accurate fire models. It also provides the basis for further development of simulations including more complex geometries.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2024.01225

Application of Substructure Techniques to Syntactic Metal Foams in a Finite Element Environment

Imre Norbert Orbulov Balázs Pere Márió Kovács

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 67

Issue: 4

Page Range: 276-284

Description:

The presented work focuses on the development of a novel method that can numerically describe the properties of metal matrix syntactic foam (MMSF) with low memory requirements and short computational times without losing the properties of the interior structure. In this paper, we propose a novel method that avoids using the homogenization technique and instead rearranges stiffness matrices and constructs specific substructures to perform the overall construction. The two-dimensional cases are discussed in order to focus on the methodology itself. First, the reductions and structural design with solid mesh structures were performed, and then the model was applied on structures filled with iron hollow spheres. So far, the method has been used to evaluate small deformations to see how suitable the subspace technique is for describing metal foams. Aluminum was used as the matrix material, as it is one of the most common materials for MMSFs. The optimal parameters were searched that resulted in the shortest running time for the given construction. Since in the proposed substructure technique only the displacement values at the boundary points are computed, a back-calculation step for each selected substructure was performed to see the interior deformations in the vicinity of an iron hollow sphere.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPme.22313

Comparative Analysis of Driver Interface Systems in Ultra-Efficient Lightweight Electric Vehicles: a Study on Energy Efficiency and Driver Focus

Zoltan Pusztai Viktor Nagy István Kecskeméti

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 997-1002

Description:

This paper presents a comprehensive examination of two driver interface systems within the context of Ultra-Efficient Lightweight Electric Vehicles (ULEV) aimed at enhancing energy efficiency and optimizing driver focus. The vehicle employs two interface systems: a 10.1-inch touchscreen tablet with a custom Graphical User interface (GUI) that offers comprehensive data management, diagnostics, and control functionalities and a 5.5-inch wide, passive OLED display designed for ultra-low energy consumption. The tablet's advanced features come with the potential for driver distraction. In contrast, the OLED display takes a minimalist approach by presenting only critical information. This enhances driving focus and efficiency. This research utilizes a wearable eye-tracking device to measure drivers' focus and distraction levels while also logging driving performance and energy consumption data. The aim is to determine the most effective interface for promoting efficient driving practices. The study achieved significant insights into the balancing of information accessibility and cognitive load in driving while also optimizing energy efficiency. The results demonstrate the advantages of assistant systems, which reduce energy consumption by 11-15%, provide concentrated information projection, and minimize driver distraction.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114167

Ethical Dimensions in Supplier Selection Sustainability: Introducing the Modified MARCOS Method via Fuzzy-Rough Set with the LMAW Approach

Dragan Marinković Dragan Pamucar Darko Božanić Adis Puška Miroslav Nedeljković Anđelka Štilić

Publication Name: Contemporary Mathematics Singapore

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 6

Issue: 6

Page Range: 7899-7924

Description:

This research presents a novel approach to supplier selection by integrating economic, environmental, and ethical criteria. The case study of Company 3B, a food production company, illustrates this process. Expert decisionmaking, using a fuzzy-rough approach, is supported by the fuzzy-rough Logarithm Methodology of Additive Weights (LMAW) and the fuzzy-rough modified Measurement Alternatives and Ranking according to Compromise Solution (MARCOS) methods. The fuzzy-rough LMAW method helps determine the importance of criteria, revealing that experts consider the economic criterion the most significant. The Modified MARCOS (M-MARCOS), a simplified version of the MARCOS method, is used to rank suppliers. Results show that Supplier S3 performs the best. These findings are validated through comparisons with other fuzzy-rough methods and a sensitivity analysis. With the MARCOS method comparisons confirming a consistent ranking order, this paper advances supplier selection methodology by introducing a novel approach and improving the usability of the MARCOS method through modifications.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.37256/cm.6620257306

Evaluating Large Language Models for Food Supplement Development: A Case Study in Glycemic Control

Roland Zsolt Szabó Mária Figler Andor Zsolt Háber

Publication Name: Nutrients

Publication Date: 2026-04-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 8

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Background/Objectives: The rapidly expanding landscape of digital technologies is transforming innovation processes across industries, and the food sector is increasingly encouraged to adopt novel tools that can enhance development workflows and support competitive positioning. In the context of Industry 4.0, it is particularly important to examine open innovation approaches that may increase the efficiency of engineers and researchers involved in the research and development of food supplements. Such approaches enable broader access to relevant scientific information, including new bioactive ingredient research and their physiological implications, potentially contributing to the development of better-informed and higher-quality products. Methods: In the present study, we evaluated the deep research capabilities of several popular large language models to assess their suitability for supporting the conceptual design of a blood glucose-optimizing food supplement intended for prediabetes management. The comparative analysis focused on the level of detail in the outputs generated by each model, the robustness of the conclusions drawn, and the capacity to produce formulation-oriented recommendations grounded in scientific literature and regulatory frameworks. Our evaluation was primarily qualitative and subjective, highlighting both the potential and limitations of these models. Moreover, the study outlines a forward-looking concept for product validation using wearable smart devices and medically certified wearable devices with continuous biometric monitoring, which could provide an innovative avenue for assessing supplement efficacy. Results: The findings indicate that large language models can support the collection, organization, and preliminary interpretation of complex scientific information. Conclusions: Nevertheless, expert input remains essential for accurate evaluation, scientific validation, and regulatory compliance, as these models cannot yet replace domain expertise or rigorous experimentation in food supplement development.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/nu18081228

On the negative weighting factors in the Muskingum-Cunge scheme

Sàndor Szél Csaba Gáspár

Publication Name: Journal of Hydraulic Research

Publication Date: 2000-01-01

Volume: 38

Issue: 4

Page Range: 299-306

Description:

The Muskingum-Cunge scheme applied to the one-dimensional unsteady advection-diffusion equation is investigated. To eliminate the numerical diffusion, the coefficients of the scheme are defined in such a way that the scheme does not contain the weighting parameters explicitly, but the Courant and Péclet numbers only. If one of the weighting factors is prescribed, the other should be necessarily negative in a lot of cases, which does not affect the applicability of the scheme. It is shown that the accuracy can be increased further, the numerical oscillations can also be eliminated by prescribing a simple relationship between the Courant and Péclet numbers. Sufficient conditions for strong stability are also presented.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/00221680009498329