Search in Publications

Found 6674 publications

Flowering Synchronization Using Artificial Light Control for Crossbreeding Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) with Varied Flowering Times

Gergő Somody Z. Molnár

Publication Name: Plants

Publication Date: 2025-02-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 4

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), one of the earliest domesticated crops, has diverse applications in textiles, construction, nutrition, and medicine. Breeding advancements, including speed breeding, accelerate genetic improvements in crops by optimizing environmental conditions for reduced generation times. This study employed greenhouse and field experiments to develop a proprietary yellow-stemmed hemp germplasm with a unique stem trait. Initial crossbreeding between the late Eletta Campana (medium green stems) and the early Chamaeleon (yellow stems) demonstrated the recessive monogenic inheritance of the yellow-stem trait and fast and safe stabilization even in the case of parent varieties with different flowering times. Controlled flowering in the case of photoperiod-sensitive genotypes, manual pollination, and successive backcrossing stabilized the yellow-stem trait over six cycles, with 100% trait consistency achieved by the fifth cycle within just 12 months in total. Open-field trials validated greenhouse results, showing strong correlations between visual stem color assessments and visible atmospherically resistant index (VARI) obtained through remote sensing imagery. Cannabinoid analyses indicated significant reductions in tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content while maintaining optimal cannabidiol (CBD) levels. Accumulated growing degree days (GDDs) optimized flowering and maturity, ensuring consistency in phenological traits. This research highlights the utility of speed breeding and chemical analysis to accelerate trait stabilization and improve industrial hemp’s agronomic potential for fiber and CBD production while adhering to regulatory THC limits.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/plants14040594

Time optimal control of four-in-wheel-motors driven electric cars

Gyorgy Max Bela Lantos

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: 58

Issue: 4

Page Range: 149-159

Description:

The paper deals with the time optimal control of automatically driven electric cars in a test path under state and input constraints. The problem can be formulated as a dynamic nonlinear optimal control problem (DNOCP). The resulting DNOCP is solved by reformulating it to a static nonlinear program (NLP) using time discretization and direct multiple shooting methods. A novel method is presented to convert the optimal solution obtained using the single-track model to the optimal control of four-in-wheels-motors driven (4WD) cars. The conversion assures similar motion of the COG of both models and optimal distribution of the longitudinal wheel forces. A discrete model predictive control (MPC) is proposed for the linearized 4WD vehicle model under perturbations which uses the distributed wheel forces and optimizes the perturbations with analytically solvable end constraints. The elaborated method can form the basis to generate an offline database of a general collision avoidance system (CAS).

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPee.7806

Potential formulations for solving TEAM problem 27

Miklós Kuczmann Zoltán Pólik

Publication Name: Przeglad Elektrotechniczny

Publication Date: 2009-12-01

Volume: 85

Issue: 12

Page Range: 137-140

Description:

This paper presents a study of using two potential formulations-the A z.ast;-A formulation, and the T, Φ - Φ formulation-to solve the TEAM problem No. 27 (Eddy Current NDT and Deep Flaws). A procedure to determine arbitrary periodic excitation signal by using Fourier series will also be shown. The numerical results are compared with the experimental waveforms. The goal of this work is to find the more precise and the faster formulation and to approximate the response of a linear electromagnetic system, when the excitation is a periodic signal.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Cognitive control functions in monolingual children with developmental language disorder and in typically developing bilingual children

Alexandra Rohár Klára Marton

Publication Name: Magyar Pszichologiai Szemle

Publication Date: 2020-12-01

Volume: 75

Issue: 4

Page Range: 623-638

Description:

Purpose: The goal of this study is to present the theoretical conceptions related to cognitive control, highlighting those main components that show a close relationship with language processing. Further, our goal was to review these functions in two distinct language groups: children with developmental language disorders and typically developing bilingual children. Specifically, we were interested in the way certain factors of language competence and performance interact with the cognitive control functions. Method: We compared the cognitive control functions between monolingual children with developmental language disorders and their typically developing peers, as well as between bilingual children and their monolingual peers. The following aspects were considered for our review: the target population - school-age monolingual children with developmental language disorders or school-age typically developing bilingual children; studies that employed tasks that measure response inhibition, resistance to interference, working memory updating and cognitive flexibility. Results: Overall, there are many conflicting results in the literature due to the heterogeneity of the groups and the differences across methodological approaches. Despite these inconsistencies, children's cognitive control functions are highly associated with their language skills; while the children with developmental language disorders show deficits in resistance to interference, working memory updating, and cognitive flexibility compared to their typically developing peers, the bilingual children show superior performance in these functions compared to their monolingual peers. Response inhibition was the only function that did not differ across groups. Conclusions: Based on the above, language development shows a close relationship with a number of cognitive control functions. The interaction between cognitive control and language, however, indicates different directions in the two target groups. Whereas poor cognitive control in children with developmental language disorders may contribute to their lower level of language skills, the cognitive advantage of bilingual children is the result of their bilingual language use and practice across different social contexts.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/0016.2020.00036

Investigation of frequency dependent mechanical properties of porous materials using dynamic mechanical analyzer and frequency-temperature superposition theory

Balázs Vehovszky Attila Schweighardt

Publication Name: Proceedings of Inter Noise 2021 2021 International Congress and Exposition of Noise Control Engineering

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In acoustic design of engineering applications - such as in the acoustic analysis of passenger vehicles - poroelastic materials are of great importance. One of the most influencing properties in determining their noise-reduction potential is the storage modulus. The purpose of this study is to examine the frequency dependence of storage modulus of selected porous acoustic materials at least up to 1000 Hz. This is executed by using the combined use of dynamic mechanical analyzer and frequency-temperature superposition theory. All other methods for measuring the storage modulus fall short in determining frequency-dependence above 100 Hz: quasi-static mechanical analyzer is mostly used for determining an averaged constant value deduced from low-frequency measurements, while the usage of an electromagnetic shaker capable for high-frequency excitation may include effects of fluid motion inside the pores, thus significantly modifying the results. Frequency-temperature superposition enables to determine the storage modulus values in a wide frequency range, based on low-frequency measurements, where fluid-structure interaction is negligible. It was found that the modulus varied significantly up to and beyond 1000 Hz, and thus, acoustical characterization of these materials can be significantly improved using the proposed method. The work concludes with recommendations to improve the accuracy of the results.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3397/IN-2021-2859

Dynamic extension of vector Preisach model

Miklós Kuczmann

Publication Name: Physica B Condensed Matter

Publication Date: 2018-11-15

Volume: 549

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 47-52

Description:

The objective of the present paper is to generalize the vector Preisach hysteresis model to take dynamic effects into account. A comprehensive analysis of the vector behavior has been performed by a single sheet tester with a specimen of round shape. The locus of the magnetic flux density vector has been controlled by a digital measurement set up at different frequency. An inverse vector Preisach hysteresis model has been built up by viscous-type scalar models and an identification procedure has been developed to follow the measured data. Finally, the model has been inserted into a finite element procedure through the fixed point technique to simulate electrical engineering problems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.physb.2017.09.068

Improve the Accuracy of Neural Networks using Capsule Layers

Claudiu Radu Pozna János Hollósi

Publication Name: 18th IEEE International Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Informatics Cinti 2018 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2018-11-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 15-18

Description:

Neural networks are a powerful and widely used tools for various classification and segmentation tasks. Nowadays, in the field of computer vision the convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the most popular solution for many problems. The CNNs performance is looks like exceptionally great when the test images are very close to the training dataset. However if the input images are transformed, such as rotating or tilting, the efficiency of the neural network may be greatly reduced. A new kind of neural network, is called capsule network, is trying to solve this problem. In this paper we examines the efficiency of the capsule network, by trying to increase the accuracy of different networks with capsule layers.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CINTI.2018.8928194

Computational intelligence for gestural communication using emotional model

János Botzheim Bakhtiar Yusuf Toru Yamaguchi Naoyuki Kubota

Publication Name: Iwaciii 2013 3rd International Workshop on Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics

Publication Date: 2014-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

When conducting natural communication in addition to perform verbal communication, non-verbal communication such as gestural information should also be understood. By the word "understand" we mean not only the recognition of one action, but also grasp the meaning of the gesture itself. Therefore, in order to understand the meaning of an action, in this paper we propose emotional model along with the gesture recognition technique. First we discuss the gesture recognition method using iPhone camera by applying steady state genetic algorithm, spiking neural network and self organizing map. After that we use the gesture recognition result as an input data for the emotional model.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Observation of zonal flow-like structures using the autocorrelation-width technique

M. Berta J. Adámek M. Hron S. Zoletnik A. Bencze J. Stockel

Publication Name: Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

Publication Date: 2006-04-01

Volume: 48

Issue: 4

Page Range: S137-S153

Description:

This paper presents the first application of the autocorrelation-width technique (Bencze A and Zoletnik S 2005 Phys. Plasmas 12 052323) to detect and characterize the microturbulence-zonal flow system using fluctuating signals ( , ) measured by arrays of single-tip Langmuir probes in the CASTOR tokamak. Radially localized (≈1 cm) random flow structures have been clearly observed with a lifetime of ≈1 ms and a long-range poloidal correlation, extending over at least one-fourth of the poloidal circumference. © 2006 IOP Publishing Ltd.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1088/0741-3335/48/4/S10