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Found 6374 publications
Assessing the Urban Climate Resilience of Cities in Hungary Using an Index-based Approach
Publication Name: Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy Water and Environment Systems
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Climate resilience in urban areas is increasingly critical in the face of climate change, particularly in regions where climate variability poses significant challenges. This study introduces the Climate Resilience Index for Town Sustainability, a novel, multidimensional framework designed to evaluate the resilience of 19 Hungarian cities, including Budapest and county capitals. The framework incorporates 41 parameters across environmental, social, and infrastructural dimensions, addressing significant gaps in existing resilience assessments by providing a region-specific, holistic evaluation. The research employs advanced statistical techniques, including principal component analysis and k-means clustering, to analyse the data sourced from the Hungarian Central Statistical Office and the National Adaptation Geo-Information System. This analysis revealed substantial variability in resilience scores among Hungarian county capitals, with Békéscsaba achieving the highest scores due to its extensive green infrastructure, renewable energy adoption, and lower proportion of vulnerable populations. In contrast, Budapest recorded one of the lowest scores, highlighting challenges such as limited green spaces, high population density, and elevated energy consumption. Clustering analysis grouped the cities into eight distinct categories, emphasising the role of geographic and climatic factors in shaping urban resilience. The findings demonstrate the critical importance of targeted interventions, such as expanding green infrastructure, improving energy efficiency, and enhancing sustainable practices. By offering actionable insights for policymakers, this index not only advances resilience research but also provides a replicable framework adaptable to other regions. Its innovative approach to integrating multidimensional parameters represents a significant contribution to the understanding and improvement of urban climate resilience in a changing world.
Open Access: Yes
Integrating generative and parametric design with BIM: A literature review of challenges and research gaps in construction design
Publication Name: Applications in Engineering Science
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 23
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Parametric Design (PD), Generative Design (GD), and Building Information Modelling (BIM) have emerged as transformative tools in the construction industry, offering significant potential for design optimisation, interdisciplinary collaboration, and data-driven decision making. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review to evaluate the current state of PD, GD, and BIM integration, highlighting practical applications and identifying research gaps. In addition to mapping the academic discourse, the review also highlights selected practical implementations from existing literature to illustrate how these technologies are being translated into applied workflows. Furthermore, the methodology section critically reflects on the limitations of the keyword-based search strategy and suggests future directions to mitigate potential literature gaps. While many studies demonstrate efficiency gains in early design phases, the integration of these technologies across the full building lifecycle remains limited. Key challenges include insufficient interoperability between platforms, lack of standardisation, and minimal adoption of GD-BIM combinations in construction and logistics. Furthermore, few studies address the regulatory compliance and real-world scalability of AI-assisted generative models. The review concludes that although these digital methods can accelerate innovation and sustainability, their practical implementation requires further research in construction management, code-based automation, and human-in-the-loop design workflows.
Open Access: Yes
A proposed wavelet analysis based fault diagnosis scheme of power transformers using fault signatures and CT saturation
Publication Name: Results in Engineering
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 27
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Diagnosis of concealed internal faults within power transformer is a key for high grid reliability to ensure continuity of power supply to customers. One of the urgent situations of power transformer is the faults under CT saturation and the operation under inrush currents that lead to huge failure of fault identification of the power transformer. In this paper, a fault identification scheme is designed using details and approximate coefficients obtained by discreet wavelet transform applied to a differential current signal under different situations. Also, this paper considers the impact of transformer internal faults such as turn to earth and turn to turn faults, external faults, and inrush currents. The signature of processing differential current is employed for identifying these fault conditions since such fault has a distinct differential current signature. The simulation tests are performed on a 115/22 kV power transformer using ATP-EMTP real-time simulator. Different wavelet families are assessed to show that the optimum mother wavelet, db1, has high fault detection and classification performance. The proposed scheme is verified for transformer energization conditions, and the influence of CT saturation is also considered in this study. Moreover, one of the most important proposed scheme features is simplicity with high lights aspects toward all fault conditions and fault types at different fault location and different fault resistances. Intensive simulation results are obtained to prove the improved selectivity and sensitivity of the proposed scheme for identifying internal transformer faults. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is not only conducted in terms of transformer loading and fault resistance variation, but transformer scalability study is also verified. Finally, to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, an assessment study is adopted to show the accuracy and reliability of differential protection scheme.
Open Access: Yes
The Relationship Between EMF Exposure and MIMO Systems, and the Exposure Advantages of Lowband Massive MIMO System
Publication Name: Telecom
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 6
Issue: 3
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
With the advancement of mobile communications, technologies based on high-element-count antenna systems—such as massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (massive MIMO)—are playing an increasingly important role in enhancing network capacity. However, they introduce new challenges in the measurement and evaluation of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure. This study presents a detailed, laboratory-based methodology for assessing EMF exposure in cellular systems using Single Input Single Output (SISO) and MIMO technologies. To address the limitations of traditional exposure assessment techniques—particularly under the conditions introduced by 5G and active antenna systems—a shielded test environment with directional antennas was developed and applied across lowband and midband frequency ranges (700–2100 MHz). Downlink electromagnetic power density was measured under standardized modulation, coding, and bandwidth settings for both SISO and MIMO configurations. The results show that MIMO technology does not lead to a significant increase in EMF exposure compared to SISO, with average differences remaining below 1 dB. Moreover, in lower-frequency bands, massive MIMO systems can ensure the required user capacity at significantly lower transmission power, resulting in more than 15 dB reductions in EMF exposure. These findings confirm the potential of massive MIMO to enhance network performance while reducing the level of electromagnetic exposure.
Open Access: Yes
Automated elasto-plastic design of truss structures based on residual plastic deformations using a geometrical nonlinear optimization framework
Publication Name: Computers and Structures
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 316
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This paper introduces a novel automated framework for the optimal design of steel truss structures, incorporating plastic deformations through the complementary strain energy of residual forces while minimizing weight. The presented methodology is equally applicable to purely elastic scenarios, ensuring zero plastic deformations and further reducing material usage. To achieve this, a nonlinear finite element (FE) program was developed, capable of accounting for large deformations and initial geometric imperfections. A genetic algorithm (GA) was integrated to iteratively optimize the objective function, enabling a fully automated design process. The efficiency and versatility of the framework were validated through four numerical examples. The first two comprise benchmark cases: a 9-bar planar truss and a 25-bar space truss. The remaining two examples were selected to be more representative of practical applications, involving a prestressed arched truss and a double-layer space truss. Analyses of various configurations were performed to demonstrate the robustness of the approach. Using the proposed methodology, significant improvements in plastic performance and material efficiency were achieved, underscoring its potential, adaptability, and effectiveness in advancing truss design techniques.
Open Access: Yes
What makes CrossFit exercise unique? Addiction, passion, or motivation?
Publication Name: Sport Sciences for Health
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Page Range: 2167-2183
Description:
Background: CrossFit is one of the fastest-growing exercise regimens worldwide. Around 4 million people practice CrossFit in over 100 countries. This high-intensity training is performed with passion, often involving pain for gain, which sets CrossFit apart from most traditional exercises. Aims: Based on this premise, we aimed to test the hypothesis that the risk of exercise addiction (REA), obsessive passion (OP), harmonious passion (HP), and internal motivational regulations are greater in CrossFit than in other exercises. Methods: This study employed a between-participants research design, adopting a survey-based, cross-sectional approach. The study involved 507 participants (62.7% male), comprising 238 practicing CrossFit enthusiasts and 269 mixed exercisers classified as controls. Results: CrossFit practitioners scored significantly higher than controls on REA (Cohen’s d = 0.18) and both OP (d = 0.30) and HP (d = 0.32), but not motivational regulations. The effect sizes were small. However, after controlling for OP and HP, the group differences in REA vanished. The prevalence of “high” REA was 25.2% in the CrossFit group compared to 13.4% in the controls (p < 0.001). However, after controlling for OP and HP in a binary logistic regression, the group differences disappeared again. At the same time, OP (odds ratio [OR] = 0.795) and HP (OR = 0.653) remained statistically significant predictors in the model. Two group-by-gender interactions suggested that women in CrossFit had greater intrinsic-effective regulation and introjected regulation than controls. In comparison, men in CrossFit exhibited lesser introjected regulation compared to controls. Conclusion: The findings suggest that passion is what distinguishes CrossFit from other exercises, but gender-related differences may also exist at motivational levels.
Open Access: Yes
An interval-valued spherical fuzzy framework for strategic renewable energy selection
Publication Name: Decision Analytics Journal
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 16
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Many countries are prioritizing renewable energy sources in response to fossil fuel depletion, environmental concerns, and the need for energy resilience. This study evaluates five renewable energy alternatives: Biomass, Wind, Solar, Geothermal, and Hydro, with the aim of reducing foreign energy dependency and enhancing flexibility under potential geopolitical disruptions. A three-stage hybrid decision-making framework is proposed, integrating Modified Preference Selection Index (MPSI) and Multi-Attributive Border Approximation Area Comparison (MABAC) methods within an Interval-Valued Spherical Fuzzy (IVSF) environment. In the first stage, expert input is collected. The second stage applies IVSF-MPSI to determine the criteria weights under uncertainty. The third stage employs IVSF-MABAC to rank the alternatives based on these weights. The results indicate that Solar Energy, with a distance value of 0.2783, is the most suitable renewable energy, followed by Wind, Hydro, Geothermal, and Biomass. The proposed IVSF-MPSI-MABAC model equips decision-makers with a mathematically rigorous, uncertainty-resilient evaluation framework that supports quantitative trade-off analysis, prioritization of capital-intensive projects, and alignment of renewable energy portfolios with long-term energy security and sustainability objectives, while the integrated sensitivity analysis ensures ranking stability and robustness against variations in decision parameters.
Open Access: Yes
Regenerative soil treatments with alginite, mulch, and cover crops under minimum tillage: Impacts on soil organic matter content and quality in a 3-year study
Publication Name: Agronomy Journal
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 117
Issue: 5
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
The degradation of arable land globally, largely due to declining soil organic matter (SOM), is a pressing issue. SOM is essential for various soil functions and significantly influences soil quality and health. Our study aimed to compare soil regenerative management methods for soil quality and basic essential functions and their effectiveness. We focused on selecting methods suitable for effectively monitoring changes during soil management. Over 3 years, we employed core methods, including minimum-till practices and natural mineral applications, to enhance soil physical characteristics, using cover crops and mulch to enrich SOM content. We assessed chemical soil properties such as total organic carbon (TOC), labile-C (permanganate oxidizable carbon [POXC], dissolved organic carbon [DOC], NaOH-soluble fulvic acids), glomalin content, and plant productivity. Our findings revealed that minimum-till had a significant time-dependent effect, increasing surface soil TOC by 17.58%, NaOH-soluble humic acids by 40.85%, and POXC by 77.75% over 3 years. Mulch and cover crop treatments enhanced specific carbon parameters and crop production. Different methods of assessing carbon levels proved useful for tracking time-dependent changes in soil quality. Labile-C forms such as DOC and POXC were most effective for shorter experiments, while TOC, glomalin, and NaF-soluble humic acids were better indicators for more extended experiments. These findings provide valuable insights for sustainable soil management practices.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.1002/agj2.70140
Who, What for Whom IAST Scholars Publish?—A Bibliometric and Science Mapping Analysis of Leading Tourism Scholars
Publication Name: Journal of Sustainability Research
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 7
Issue: 3
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Background: The International Academy for the Study of Tourism (IAST) has undeniably contributed to tourism research. However, the evolution of its members’ research outcomes remains underexplored. Additionally, understanding the academic community’s focus is key to assessing its contribution to knowledge development. This paper, therefore, seeks to examine the scientific publications, publication trends, and metrics of IAST scholars. Methods: The publication patterns of ninety IAST scholars were systematically investigated through a bibliometric and advanced science mapping analysis. This research utilized VOSviewer and the Biblioshiny-R-Studio package for data processing and visualization. Results: This study uncovers dynamic publication trends over the last five years, marked by an acceleration in scholarly production from 2001 to 2012, with an anomalous decrease in 2010. These contributions are widely disseminated across leading academic journals, reflecting a significant intellectual influence through high citation indices and their role as foundational references. Thematically, these scholars consistently foreground central issues such as sustainable tourism development and the protection of vulnerable regions, encompassing cultural and natural heritage. The spectrum of investigated topics spans all levels—from global to local scales—with a multidisciplinary emphasis on tourism economics, governance, tourist consumer behavior, stakeholder roles, and the marketing and sustainability aspects of tourism. Conclusions: IAST scholars’ publications clearly demonstrated trends, impact, and significant terminology in tourism studies. Therefore, academic communities, among others, should broaden their focus, with IAST serving as an example of a community—where scholars produce knowledge-based from diverse perspectives.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.20900/jsr20250052
