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APPLICATION OF FUZZY MCDM IN SELECTING ECO-FRIENDLY MATERIALS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE INTERIORS

Dragan Pamucar Shankha Shubhra Goswami

Publication Name: Journal of Applied Engineering Science

Publication Date: 2025-09-15

Volume: 23

Issue: 3

Page Range: 504-522

Description:

The growing demand for sustainable solutions in the automotive industry has led to a significant focus on eco-friendly materials for electric vehicle (EV) interiors. This research paper explores the application of Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) in selecting optimal eco-friendly materials for EV interiors. Fuzzy MCDM provides a robust framework to handle the inherent uncertainty and subjectivity in evaluating multiple criteria such as recyclability, durability, strength, comfort, aesthetic appeal, carbon footprint, price, energy requirements, and complexity in manufacturing. By employing a combination of Fuzzy-Entropy and Fuzzy-TOPSIS, this study aims to prioritize materials that offer the best balance of environmental sustainability and performance. Entropy is employed to evaluate the criteria weights, whereas TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) is applied to select the ideal sustainable materials for EV interiors and to rate the alternatives. The final result reveals that Polyethylene Terephthalate is the most suitable material alternative for EV interiors, significantly enhancing the sustainability of the automotive industry. In contrast, Bamboo Fiber Composite ranks the lowest among the alternatives, indicating it is the least favorable option in the group. The final outcomes from the fuzzy-entropy-TOPSIS model are also compared to six others solo MCDM models and the ranking stability is also verified through sensitivity analysis.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.5937/jaes0-57423

Examining the partnerships and sustainability of the third sector using the EFQM model

Mónika Rajcsányi-Molnár Márta Konczos Szombathelyi Nóra Mária Halmai

Publication Name: Civil Szemle

Publication Date: 2025-09-10

Volume: 2025

Issue: Special Issue 9

Page Range: 24-41

Description:

The purpose of the study is to determine whether the sustainability and cooperation levels of third sector organizations can be examined using the EFQM Model. By employing the Quadruple and Quintuple Helix models alongside an integrated framework of community innovation, the study explores the civil sector’s role in achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Viewing the Helix model as a framework that facilitates communication and decision-making among social actors, the study emphasizes that civil organizations can significantly foster socialization and innovation, thereby enhancing the efficacy of implementing innovative ideas. The responsibilities of civil organizations are intricately linked to community innovation. Sustainable development goals encompass not only the aspirations of individuals, businesses, and countries but also those of society as a whole. Consequently, the innovation discussed here is social innovation, which includes numerous alternative definitions. The EFQM model provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating organizational performance and fostering continuous development. By utilizing the EFQM model, organizations can establish measurable goals and key performance indicators, thereby enhancing their resilience. Moreover, effective collaboration among third sector organizations and between them and other stakeholders is crucial for maximizing social impact. The EFQM model prioritizes leadership, stakeholder engagement, and strategic collaboration, allowing organizations to build trust and pursue collective objectives. This study, based on a questionnaire survey, hypothesizes that third sector organizations can employ the EFQM framework to bolster collaboration, improve sustainability, and ultimately enhance their capacity to effect positive change in their communities.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.62560/CSZ.2025.05.2

Determinants of SMEs' strategic entrepreneurial innovative digitalization: examining the mediation role of human capital

Laszlo Vasa Tomaž Čater Md Billal Hossain Mujib Ur Rahman

Publication Name: European Journal of Innovation Management

Publication Date: 2025-09-10

Volume: 28

Issue: 7

Page Range: 2733-2760

Description:

Purpose This study was inspired by research of strategists on strategic innovation (SI), aiming to provide a unique model to enhance the digitization of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Bangladesh to fill the gap toward a digital economy. Design/methodology/approach A survey was used to collect data from 180 SMEs in the manufacturing industry for this research. The results indicate that strategic innovativeness (SI), human capital (HC), infrastructure and technology and resistance to change significantly influence the digitalization in Bangladesh SMEs. Findings The link between SI and SMEs' digitalization in Bangladesh is mediated by HC. The results show that HC plays a big role in the connection between SI and the digitalization of SMEs. This study may be valuable for SMEs managers, researchers and policymakers in Bangladesh and other developing nations, who want to learn more about SI in adopting digitalization. Originality/value The specialized knowledge and abilities of strategists allow them to establish parallels between the past and present, enabling them to make a sustained forecast about the digital economy. This study encourages small and medium-sized businesses to develop their SI and advance their HC, which could further deject resistance to change toward enhancing and adopting digitalization in SMEs sectors.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1108/EJIM-02-2024-0176

The role of professional civil society organizations in the protection of historical monuments in Hungary

Veöreös András

Publication Name: Civil Szemle

Publication Date: 2025-09-05

Volume: 22

Issue: 4

Page Range: 65-81

Description:

Monument protection is a multi-disciplinary, multi-faceted social activity, to which civi­lized states have been devoting time, money, and energy since the second half of the 19th century, operated educational institutions, research institutes, and creating legal regulations. Among the actors are investors, the architectural profession, experts, au­thorities, educational institutions, and civil associations. According to the historical preservation profession, preserving the values of historical buildings strengthens social identity. Thanks to memory as a psychological process, the sight, use, and presence of old things, including old buildings, in our lives evokes positive emotions in most people, which is why we accept the inconveniences and additional costs associated with maintaining old buildings. However, there is a broad social stratum for whom old only means junk and is not motivated at all to preserve historical values. Society's interest is shown by the fact that the press occasionally emphasizes a suppos­edly successful restoration of a monument, or even the story of a perishing asset. The Hungarian professional monument protection system has undergone a radical trans­formation since 2010. The central bodies have crumbled, and the regional organizational units that performed official tasks have been integrated into the public administration system and are trying to carry out value protection work under the general building authorities. In this situation, professional civil society organizations active in the field of monument protection are playing an increasingly important role.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.62560/csz.2025.04.4

Investigation of the Applicability of a Hybrid Foaming System in a Mixed Plastic Waste Matrix

V. A. Szabó Gabor Dogossy

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering

Publication Date: 2025-09-04

Volume: 69

Issue: 3

Page Range: 215-223

Description:

In our research, we investigated the chemical foaming of mixed plastic waste granulate (VMHD) using a combination of endothermic and exothermic foaming agents. We found that increasing the exothermic foaming agent improved cell distribution but reduced flexibility and impact resistance. The highest porosity (30.04%) was achieved with 0.5% endothermic and 3.5% exothermic foaming agents. Our results indicate that the proper ratio of foaming agents is crucial for optimizing the mechanical properties of the material.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPme.40846

Evaluation of Optimal Visible Wavelengths for Free-Space Optical Communications

Hussein Taha Modar Dayoub

Publication Name: Telecom

Publication Date: 2025-09-01

Volume: 6

Issue: 3

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Free-space optical (FSO) communications have emerged as a promising complement to conventional radio-frequency (RF) systems due to their high bandwidth, low interference, and license-free spectrum. Visible-light FSO communication, using laser diodes or LEDs, offers potential for short-range data links, but performance is highly wavelength-dependent under varying atmospheric conditions. This study presents an experimental evaluation of three visible laser diodes at 650 nm (red), 532 nm (green), and 405 nm (violet), focusing on their optical output power, quantum efficiency, and modulation behavior across a range of driving currents and frequencies. A custom laboratory testbed was developed using an Atmega328p microcontroller and a Visual Basic control interface, allowing precise control of current and modulation frequency. A silicon photovoltaic cell was employed as the optical receiver and energy harvester. The results demonstrate that the 650 nm red laser consistently delivers the highest quantum efficiency and optical output, with stable performance across electrical and modulation parameters. These findings support the selection of 650 nm as the most energy-efficient and versatile wavelength for short-range, cost-effective visible-light FSO communication. This work provides experimentally grounded insights to guide wavelength selection in the development of energy-efficient optical wireless systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/telecom6030057

Numerical modelling of a solenoid optimization problem with a superposition-based model order reduction method

Tamas Orosz Kristóf Levente Kiss

Publication Name: Computers and Structures

Publication Date: 2025-09-01

Volume: 316

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This work investigates the application of a Model Order Reduction technique based on the Cauer ladder network method to the air cored solenoid geometry of the number 35 benchmark problem from the Testing electromagnetic analysis methods series, approaching both source and discrete radius optimization tasks. A projection-based reduced-order model was developed to accelerate the optimization process, achieving an average computational speedup factor of 35 compared to full-order finite element simulations. For discrete radius optimization, the problem was reformulated as a source optimization, enabling effective model order reduction application. The multiport Cauer ladder network approach reduced to a superposition of magnetic fields due to the simplicity of the problem. The reduced order model preserved consistency with the full order model when a small enough element size was chosen in the finite element model during its creation process. The error of the proposed methodology is an order of magnitude lower than the lowest objective function values in the optima, therefore it is suitable for multi-objective optimization.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107906

Challenges Faced by Female Leaders Through a Lens of a Western Hungarian Research

Lívia Ablonczy-Mihályka Jázmin Lőre

Publication Name: Societies

Publication Date: 2025-09-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 9

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In the global work culture of the 21st century, the image of female leaders is marginal. The stereotypical opinion links the terms leaders and managers to the male gender and predetermined gendered characteristics typical to men. The aim of this study is to redefine certain perspectives through empirical research based on previous literature regarding gender stereotypes in leadership and challenges facing female leaders. This paper looks at the main issues that concern female leaders throughout their careers and even after reaching a higher position and discusses the differences between male and female workers on the top levels of the organizational hierarchy. The research was conducted in the Western Transdanubia region of Hungary. The research was based on eight semi-structured interviews with mid- and senior managers, which were analyzed through thematic analysis to identify patterns and challenges. As an exploratory qualitative study with a region-specific sample, the findings provide valuable insights but should be interpreted cautiously as they cannot be extrapolated to a comparable situation. The findings of the study indicate that gender gaps in the corporate world can be attributed to the presence of stereotypes resulting from gender roles embedded in patriarchal societies, gender-based discrimination in the labor market. As the results suggest, these non-quantifiable problems are of great importance in terms of the position of women in the labor market and society.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/soc15090262

Evaluation of Mobile Applications for Small Farms Using Fuzzy Methods

Dragan Pamucar Darko Božanić Adis Puška Miroslav Nedeljković Anđelka Štilić

Publication Name: International Journal of Research in Industrial Engineering

Publication Date: 2025-09-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 3

Page Range: 426-444

Description:

This paper offers a practical model to help farmers choose the most suitable mobile application for their specific needs, improving decision-making processes in adopting agricultural technology. Given the wide range of applications available on the market, the need to select the one that best improves agricultural production motivated the research in this paper. To simplify the decision-making process for farmers, a methodology that applied the fuzzy approach was developed. Based on this, this research aimed to evaluate and identify mobile applications most suitable for the Farmino farm using a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach. A decision-making model that includes ten criteria and several mobile applications was applied. Farm employees, who are the intended users of these applications, evaluated the criteria and applications using linguistic terms. The methods of fuzzy Simple Weight Calculation (SiWeC) and fuzzy Logarithmic Percentage Change-Driven Objective Weighting (LOPCOW) were used to determine the weight of the criteria. These methods revealed that the criterion "Data accuracy" was more important than the others, while the importance of the other criteria was less. Finally, the fuzzy method Multi-Attributive Border Approximation Area Comparison (MABAC) was used to rank mobile applications, and the results showed that the A4 mobile application ranked highest, making it the best choice for Farmino farm.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.22105/riej.2025.491961.1503