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Found 6383 publications
Adaptive Speed Tuning of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Using Intelligent Fuzzy Based Controllers for Pumping Applications
Publication Name: Processes
Publication Date: 2025-05-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 5
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This study focuses on enhancing the performance of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) in pumping applications by improving motor torque through the integration of advanced control strategies. The dq-axis model of a PMSM is utilized to facilitate precise control and dynamic response. The proposed approach combines Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) and Fuzzy Proportional-Integral-Derivative (fuzzy PID) controllers with Vector Control (VC) inverters, specifically designed for PMSMs with salient rotor structures. The salient rotor design inherently provides higher torque density, making it suitable for demanding applications like pumping. The FLC and fuzzy PID controllers are employed to optimize the motor’s dynamic response, ensuring precise torque control and improved efficiency under varying load conditions. The VC inverter further enhances the system’s performance by enabling rapid torque and flux control, reducing torque ripple, and improving overall motor stability. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy significantly increases motor torque, enhances energy efficiency, and reduces operational losses in pumping applications. This makes the system more reliable and cost-effective for industrial and agricultural pumping systems, where high torque and energy savings are critical. The integration of FLC, fuzzy PID, and VC with a salient-rotor PMSM offers a robust solution for achieving superior motor performance in real-world pumping scenarios. This work contributes to the development of smarter, more efficient pumping systems, paving the way for enhanced industrial automation and energy management.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/pr13051393
Automotive Application of Chemically Foamed rPET
Publication Name: Polymers
Publication Date: 2025-05-01
Volume: 17
Issue: 9
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This study investigated the automotive applicability of parts produced from a newly developed foamed recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET). The injection molded part contained a combination of both endothermic and exothermic foaming agents and phosphorus (Exolit OP 1240) (OP)- and melamine polyphosphate (MPP)-based flame retardant agents. The parts were produced using a breathing mold technique to achieve a suitable level of foaming. The aim was to produce lighter parts made of recycled material that also complied with the fire safety automotive industry standards. Computer tomographic scans revealed the foam structure formed successfully, which contributed to an improved strength-to-weight ratio. The scans further showcased that larger cells tended to form in the thicker areas within the part, while smaller cells generally formed in the thinner areas. Finite element simulations showed that the large cell formation in the thicker parts had no effect on the part’s load bearing property, and there were not stress concentration points after the boundary conditions were defined. The sample produced from the material was determined to be a possible replacement of small-sized automotive components.
Open Access: Yes
The Effects of Regional Banks on Carbon Emissions: A Quasi-Natural Experiment of City Commercial Banks in China
Publication Name: Energy Journal
Publication Date: 2025-05-01
Volume: 46
Issue: 3
Page Range: 123-163
Description:
Financial support is essential to reduce carbon emissions (CEs) and achieve the green transformation of China. To detect the nexus of local finance and CEs, we constructed a two-sector (clean and dirty sectors) model to identify the channels from city commercial banks (CCBs) to CEs involving capital scale, structure, and efficiency. Using the setting of CCBs as a quasi-natural experiment, we applied difference-in-differences (DID), instrument variable (IV), and spatial DID methods to test the effects of the construction of CCBs on CEs in China during 2003 to 2018. The construction of CCBs promoted CEs in cities by offsetting the technological effect and stimulating electricity consumption expansion (scale effect) and reindustrialization (structural effect). CCBs’ branches strengthened the promotion effect of CCBs’ construction on CEs, but the mergers of CCBs mitigated the effect. The effects varied across regions with different features (covering location, per capita income, financial development, environmental regulation, industrial and energy structure, carbon source, and so on). The construction of CCBs showed a spatial spillover effect, increasing the CEs of neighbors. Accordingly, suggestions were proposed to reduce CEs by optimizing CCBs management, policy making, and local carbon reduction efforts.JEL Classification: E44, G28, O16
Open Access: Yes
Review Paper on the Field Measurement of Parcel Packaging Drop for Testing Purposes
Publication Name: Packaging Technology and Science
Publication Date: 2025-05-01
Volume: 38
Issue: 5
Page Range: 345-357
Description:
The parcel delivery shipping industry has developed rapidly all over the world in the last 10–15 years. These parcel packages are generally small and have a high risk of damage due to the numerous handling events during delivery services. Inefficient packaging solutions can lead to significant costs and increase the occurrence of product damage. This problem is widely known, and packaging engineers have tried to simulate field physical events in the laboratory to optimize the protective packaging system. Drop events during parcel delivery are one of the primary causes of damage for small individual shipments and need to be precisely simulated to achieve optimized product protection. Over the past 50 years, drop tests have become common practice as a pre-shipment test for parcel packages, and many devices have been developed to measure and observe these physical events during package transit. Due to the nature of packages and their variations, different field measurements and observations have been presented across continents and countries and have been implemented in general practices. A review of drop event observations is required to summarize and critically evaluate recent results. This review begins with an overview of the drop observation methods [real drop height (RDH) and effective drop height (EDH)], then discusses methods proposed by standards organizations, followed by a focus on the setup and materials of measuring systems used by researchers to record the events. Finally, a summary of previous results is presented, which can serve as a guide for further research on the topic.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.1002/pts.2875
Data mining applications in risk research: A systematic literature review
Publication Name: International Journal of Knowledge Based and Intelligent Engineering Systems
Publication Date: 2025-05-01
Volume: 29
Issue: 2
Page Range: 222-261
Description:
Despite the rising literature on data mining (DM) approaches, there is a lack of a complete literature review and categorization system within risk research. This paper presents the first recognized academic literature review on the application of data mining tools in risk research provides an up-to-date SCOPUS literature database. Based on bibliometric analysis, 5422 papers related torisk were identified from a total of 77,410 studies on data mining and thoroughly analyzed. Each of the selected 5422 papers was classified into four risk categories: global risk, public health risk, molecular and biomedical risk, and pharmaceutical risk. Each primary risk category was further subdivided to highlight the specific research focuses within each domain. Global risks encompass business, environmental, and social risks. Scholars have predominantly focused on the banking, market, and construction sectors within business risk, while environmental risk includes catastrophe-related risks. Social risks encompass areas such as education, traffic safety, and transportation concerns. Clinical data is usually employed in public health risk research, while various radiomic databases are utilized in genetic and molecular biology research. In pharmaceutical research, DM is primarily used to detect adverse drug effects. According to the findings of this review, the fields of computer science and medicine received the most significant research attention. The review also discusses limitations and provides a roadmap to guide future research, aiming to enhance knowledge development related to the application of data mining techniques in risk-related studies.
Open Access: Yes
Nutritional and functional aspects of European cereal-based fermented foods and beverages
Publication Name: Food Research International
Publication Date: 2025-05-01
Volume: 209
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
European cereal-based fermented foods (ECBFFs) and alcoholic beverages have been fundamental components of regional diets for centuries, providing unique flavor profiles, essential nutrients, and a diverse array of health benefits. These foods, which encompass breads, beverages, and porridges, derive their functional and culinary properties from the activity of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. This review examines the nutritional and functional characteristics of ECBFFs, with a focus on their microbial composition and fermentation processes. It highlights various ECBFFs and alcoholic beverages, including conventional and sourdough breads, tarhana, boza, kvass, and beers examining their health-promoting properties and potential for commercial expansion. Key findings from the literature show that certain ECBFFs are abundant in prebiotics and probiotics, primarily due to the fermentation processes involving lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. These microorganisms generate bioactive compounds such as organic acids, bacteriocins, and phenolic compounds, which exhibit antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. ECBFFs can also enhance digestibility, improve mineral bioavailability, and support gut health, thereby promoting overall well-being. From a commercial perspective, products like Yosa and Proviva demonstrate the feasibility of developing innovative ECBFFs that align with contemporary dietary preferences. The future of ECBFFs is promising, offering extensive opportunities for research, innovation, and large-scale commercialization to meet the increasing consumer demand for functional, plant-based foods.
Open Access: Yes
Parametric cushioning lattice insole based on finite element method and machine learning: A preliminary computational analysis
Publication Name: Journal of Biomechanics
Publication Date: 2025-05-01
Volume: 184
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
The cushioning performance of insole has always been a critical consideration in its design. While the development of intelligent methods and the emergence of additive manufacturing (AM) technology have enhanced design freedom and convenience, a standardized approach to guide designers in selecting optimal materials and structures for specific scenarios is still lacking. This study aims to propose a controllable parameterized lattice cushioning insole (PLI) by integrating finite element (FE) and machine learning (ML) methods. The insole performance can be adjusted by modifying the structural parameters (a, b) and the internal strut thickness (t). The findings indicate that PLI, under the optimal parameter combination (a = 2.54, b = 3.56, t = 3.15), can reduce plantar pressure by up to 44.45 %, which may be achieved by increasing the contact between the footwear and the foot. The data-driven PLI optimization design method proposed in this study significantly enhances the cushioning performance of insole structures, simplifies the optimization process for selecting insole structures or materials, and provides a systematic and efficient solution for insole design. Although the initial preparation of material data is time-intensive, the trained model eliminates the need for repeated laboratory gait analysis or plantar pressure measurements, offering a foundational reference for clinical applications in insole structure design.
Open Access: Yes
Systematic literature review of user acceptance factors of advanced driver assistance systems across different social groups
Publication Name: Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives
Publication Date: 2025-05-01
Volume: 31
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This study presents a systematic review of empirical research on the acceptance of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). The review focusses on the varying attitudes of user groups, the theoretical models underpinning acceptance, and the key sociocognitive factors involved. Using the PRISMA methodology, 35 relevant studies were identified. The analysis revealed several critical acceptance factors, including trust, technological awareness, perceived usefulness, and the importance of education. Most of the reviewed studies applied the TPB, TAM, or UTAUT models. The investigations concentrated on five major user groups: (1) general drivers, (2) professional drivers, (3) older adults, (4) young technology-orientated users, and (5) non-driving transport users such as pedestrians and cyclists. The findings indicate that acceptance is not a homogeneous process. It is shaped by the characteristics of each group of users, previous knowledge of the system, the degree of trust, and the specific context of system use. A considerable proportion of users do not receive sufficient training or information regarding ADAS features. This lack of knowledge limits both proper usage and the safety benefits of the technology. The study provides targeted recommendations for expanding user education, enhancing regulatory frameworks, and applying communication strategies tailored to specific user groups. The interdisciplinary approach contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of public acceptance of automated vehicle technologies. It also supports the broader adoption of equitable and sustainable mobility solutions through trust-building and educational interventions.
Open Access: Yes
Exploring the nexus among green finance, renewable energy and environmental sustainability: Evidence from OECD economies
Publication Name: Renewable Energy
Publication Date: 2025-05-01
Volume: 244
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
UN Sustainable Development Goals 13 and 7 on climate change mitigation and clean and responsible energy use serve as the driving forces behind this study. In the light of growing global concern, the current study seeks to evaluate the effect of renewable energy, green finance and institutional quality on carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emissions in the “Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development” (OECD) members from 2000 to 2022. To ascertain the impact of the relationship between these variables, the study employed the panel quantile autoregressive distributed lag (PQARDL). The cointegration test supports the validity of the long-term link between variables of the study. Apart from that, the estimated results have supported an inverted U-shaped link between CO2 and renewable energy over the long term in the median base (0.50) quantile group. These findings support the global sustainability agenda by illuminating the potential impact of robust institutional frameworks, renewable energy and sustainable finance practices on CO2 reductions. It also recommends that in order to achieve environmental sustainability and enhance environmental quality by lowering CO2 , OECD policy maker should prioritize the use of renewable energy sources and high-quality institutions.
Open Access: Yes
