Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa

57205680291

Publications - 30

The role of generative AI in improving the sustainability and efficiency of HR recruitment process

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Dániel Csikor Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: Discover Sustainability

Publication Date: 2025-12-01

Volume: 6

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) is becoming increasingly important in business processes, including human resource management. GAI can offer the potential to automate repetitive tasks in recruitment processes, optimise decision making, and reduce administrative burdens. Although AI can help increase operational efficiency, environmental pressures must also be taken into account. AI models require significant computing power, resulting in high energy consumption and increased CO2 emissions. This dichotomy may raise the question of whether the efficiency gains provided by GAI outweigh the environmental burden. This article examines the environmental impacts of GAI on HRM through a case study. The research combines qualitative and quantitative methods: expert interviews are used to explore practical applications, while calculations on energy consumption, costs, and emissions are carried out by comparing traditional and AI-based recruitment methods. The results of the case study showed that the integration of GAI led to efficiency gains. The time required for the recruitment process was reduced by 13.25 h, which could save thousands of man-hours per year. At the same time, costs and energy consumption and associated carbon emissions were reduced. The study highlights the duality of “AI for sustainability” and “sustainability of AI”, highlighting that while GAI can contribute to more sustainable corporate operations, its own environmental footprint raises questions about long-term sustainability. The results will provide HR professionals, decision makers, and organisations with practical insights into the potential for sustainable use of AI.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s43621-025-01484-3

Exploring Generation Z’s Acceptance of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: A TAM and UTAUT-Based PLS-SEM and Cluster Analysis

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: Education Sciences

Publication Date: 2025-08-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 8

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In recent years, the rapid growth of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly transformed higher education, particularly among Generation Z students who are more open to new technologies. Tools such as ChatGPT are increasingly being used for learning, yet empirical research on their acceptance, especially in Hungary, is limited. This study aims to explore the psychological, technological, and social factors that influence the acceptance of AI among Hungarian university students and to identify different user groups based on their attitudes. The methodological novelty lies in combining two approaches: partial least-squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and cluster analysis. The survey, based on the TAM and UTAUT models, involved 302 Hungarian students and examined six dimensions of AI acceptance: perceived usefulness, ease of use, attitude, social influence, enjoyment and behavioural intention. The PLS-SEM results show that enjoyment (β = 0.605) is the strongest predictor of the intention to use AI, followed by usefulness (β = 0.167). All other factors also had significant effects. Cluster analysis revealed four groups: AI sceptics, moderately open users, positive acceptors, and AI innovators. The findings highlight that the acceptance of AI is shaped not only by functionality but also by user experience. Educational institutions should, therefore, provide enjoyable and user-friendly AI tools and tailor support to students’ attitude profiles.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/educsci15081044

Systematic literature review of user acceptance factors of advanced driver assistance systems across different social groups

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives

Publication Date: 2025-05-01

Volume: 31

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study presents a systematic review of empirical research on the acceptance of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). The review focusses on the varying attitudes of user groups, the theoretical models underpinning acceptance, and the key sociocognitive factors involved. Using the PRISMA methodology, 35 relevant studies were identified. The analysis revealed several critical acceptance factors, including trust, technological awareness, perceived usefulness, and the importance of education. Most of the reviewed studies applied the TPB, TAM, or UTAUT models. The investigations concentrated on five major user groups: (1) general drivers, (2) professional drivers, (3) older adults, (4) young technology-orientated users, and (5) non-driving transport users such as pedestrians and cyclists. The findings indicate that acceptance is not a homogeneous process. It is shaped by the characteristics of each group of users, previous knowledge of the system, the degree of trust, and the specific context of system use. A considerable proportion of users do not receive sufficient training or information regarding ADAS features. This lack of knowledge limits both proper usage and the safety benefits of the technology. The study provides targeted recommendations for expanding user education, enhancing regulatory frameworks, and applying communication strategies tailored to specific user groups. The interdisciplinary approach contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of public acceptance of automated vehicle technologies. It also supports the broader adoption of equitable and sustainable mobility solutions through trust-building and educational interventions.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.trip.2025.101486

Enhancing sustainability and heritage in the Anthropocene epoch: insights from the Seoul metropolitan fora 2024

Sora Kim Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Seungjae Lee Madiha Bencekri Sora Kim Kee Bom Nahm

Publication Name: International Journal of Urban Sciences

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 29

Issue: 1

Page Range: 1-7

Description:

No description provided

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/12265934.2025.2465181

An assessment of traffic education and its examination system—an extended House of Quality approach

P. Földesi Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa László Buics Zsolt Csaba Horváth

Publication Name: Humanities and Social Sciences Communications

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 11

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The goal of this article is to examine traffic education and its examination system, using a new approach based on the House of Quality method. While every country has its own legal rules and requirements regarding how traffic education and examinations are conducted, there is a direct relationship between traffic education, its examination system and road safety. Therefore the quality of such a complicated process is of great interest for both stakeholders: the authorities and the citizens. These stakeholders both have their own objectives regarding the system, consequently increasing its complexity. This article investigates, as its case study, the system in Hungary. The House of Quality method has been expanded to provide a unique approach to examine the goals and objectives of both stakeholders, revealing similarities and differences and their interrelationships. Secondary data on the effectiveness of the traffic education and examination system are also analysed. Based on the HOQ model representations of the goals and objectives of the stakeholders regarding the traffic education and exam system, it can be established that the stakeholder points of view are closer to each other in the case of the test system than that of the education system. However, there are unsolved contradictions between the stakeholders that have to be handled, as opinions regarding the quality of the service and the criteria of the stakeholders’ satisfaction are very diverse.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1057/s41599-023-02553-6

Systematic Literature Review on Overspending and Sustainable Budgeting: Insights for Hungarian Households

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Tímea Vastag

Publication Name: Sustainability Switzerland

Publication Date: 2024-11-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 21

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study overviews the keywords overspending, family, and sustainable budget from different perspectives in the existing literature. Its goal is to identify the gap through keyword analysis and formulate a methodological direction for the future, using an overview of the methodologies used for researching individual keywords. This publication is based on a systematic literature review, including articles from the Web of Science, Science Direct, and Scopus databases. The resulting publications are analyzed from several angles, such as the number of publications per keyword per year, which methodologies were applied, and at which level (micro, meso, macro) the topic was previously researched. As an output of the partial analyses, both the lack of research on the sustainable spending habits of Hungarian households and the need for a methodology that can be applied for this purpose emerges. The results enable the development of a combined method, with which current research can be carried out on a micro level regarding sustainable spending habits in Hungary.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/su16219509

Perception and social acceptance of 5G technology for sustainability development

Norbert Gyurián Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Nikolett Gyurián Nagy Nikolett Gyurián Nagy

Publication Name: Journal of Cleaner Production

Publication Date: 2024-08-15

Volume: 467

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This research was carried out to enable a better understanding of the attitudes of Hungarian consumers and future users towards 5G technology. The development of 5G technology supports social, economic and environmental sustainability together. Among other things, innovative communities, economic progress and a reduction of the carbon footprint can be positive outcomes of 5G. For example 5G benefits the environment in two ways: it helps telecom operators reduce their energy usage, thus lowering their environmental impact, and it provides tools that telecom companies can use to assist others in reducing their environmental footprint. The Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression method was used to establish the correlations between the five factor groups. Research indicates a prevalent skepticism among Hungarian consumers toward 5G technology, characterized by apprehensions regarding health risks and a lack of perceived competitive advantages or inherent business benefits to adopting 5G. This hesitancy must be countered by transparently addressing health concerns, debunking myths, and building a foundational trust in 5G technologies through comprehensive educational and awareness-raising initiatives, aligning technological advancements with consumer confidence and acceptance. 5G must be demystified so that consumers will come to trust the technology and embrace its adoption. Due to the similar technological conditions and historical backgrounds of the Central European Countries (CEC), the results of this research will prove useful to policymakers throughout the region.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142964

Optimizing Human Resources for Efficiency and Sustainability through Business Process Modelling with Large Language Models

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Dániel Csikor Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 499-504

Description:

In today's business situations, effective use of human resources is critical to organisational performance and long-term growth. Employees frequently squander important time on monotonous jobs that take up their time. This problem negatively affects not only business efficiency but also labour market satisfaction and economic growth, contrary to the goals of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 8 (Decent work and economic growth) and 9 (Industry, innovation and infrastructure). The aim of the research was to see how large language models (LLM) can help to optimise human resources by automating less skill-intensive, time-consuming tasks. For the analysis, a case study was conducted using the methodology of business process modelling (BPM) to compare the efficiency of a project management task ('reporting') with and without the use of ChatGPT technology. The model was used to analyse quantitative data such as process duration, labour costs, overhead costs and overhead volume. The research shows that LLM can significantly reduce the time workers spend on routine tasks, allowing them to focus on higher-value jobs that match their skills. In the case where ChatGPT was used by the participants to prepare the report, the whole process took 455.5 h less. The time savings contributed to a reduction in wage costs and overheads, which in total represents a saving of € 8,046.30. Based on the results, it is believed that LLMs have the potential to increase efficiency and sustainability.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114084

How Perceptual Variables Influence the Behavioral Intention to Use Autonomous Vehicles †

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Dániel Csikor Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 79

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The rapid development of technology makes the acceptance of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in modern transport a key issue. The aim of the present research was to explore the impact of AVs on behavioral intention to use. An online survey was conducted, in which factors such as perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), perceived trust (PT), social influence (SI), and behavioral intention to use (BIU) were investigated. As a result of the investigation, the correlation analysis revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between the intention and all the factors examined. The practical utility of this research is that the results will support developers and vehicle manufacturers in understanding how different social factors influence the adoption of AVs.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2024079023

Driving Examiners’ Perceptions and Awareness of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems: A Survey-Based Analysis †

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 79

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADASs) can have a significant role in contributing to road safety. However, technological innovations are gaining user acceptance at different rates, which is a key factor for their widespread deployment. In Hungary, learning about ADASs is not part of the curriculum in driving schools. In the present research, a questionnaire survey was conducted among driving examiners to assess their level of ADAS awareness. The results show that, in general, examining officers have a positive attitude towards the technology and are quite knowledgeable about it, compared to drivers. However, education and information are also essential for them, as there are few places to obtain credible information.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2024079021

Transforming Public Services Management: a P-Graph Methodology Case Study and Scenario Analysis

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa László Buics

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 475-480

Description:

This study advances university enrolment optimization in Public Services Management towards sustainability, utilizing case studies, scenario analyses, and P-Graph methodology. The study evaluates administrative workloads across three intensity levels—low, average, and highly overloaded—and enhance our methodology by incorporating data that influences the process's inception and conclusion in all scenarios. Our research is further expanded with qualitative alongside quantitative methods for a thorough perspective. Our findings indicate substantial overtime and high turnover rates among administrators due to enrolment demands. The P-Graph methodology exposes significant inefficiencies and difficulties in meeting standard hour targets. It also reveals the optimal process flow and resource allocation, promoting its wider application in public service sectors for sustainable management practices. In collaboration with administrators to meticulously record task times and case revisits, the research offers an in-depth evaluation of administrative efficiency and resource utilization. The study concludes that managing an average enrolment of 4,200 students is inefficient for administrative employees, leading to high overtime rates that harm staff well-being. Our holistic approach, augmented with initial and final process impact data plus qualitative insights, highlights the P-Graph methodology's potential in transforming Public Services Management. This method not only enhances process efficiency and resource allocation but also aligns with sustainability objectives, marking a significant stride in sustainable public service practices.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114080

Sustainability Aspects of Administrative Process Management: a Case Study Analysis

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa László Buics

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 481-486

Description:

This article offers a detailed analysis of the university enrollment process from a process management perspective, focusing on sustainability aspects like the social cost of carbon. The study utilizes process visualization techniques, such as P-Graphs, to explore how administrative processes can be optimized to reduce environmental impact while maintaining efficiency. Enrollment is a vital yet complex component of university operations, often neglecting sustainability in traditional management approaches. Through a case study, this research demonstrates how process visualization can identify inefficiencies in the enrollment process and suggest improvements. By incorporating P-Graphs, the study evaluates sustainability metrics like carbon costs, guiding decision-makers in reducing environmental harm. The findings reveal that the current enrollment system is unsustainable in terms of operating costs, human factors, and CO2 emissions. This research underscores the importance of integrating environmental considerations into administrative processes, showing that universities can enhance environmental performance while continuing to provide quality education by combining process management with sustainability principles.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114081

The potential of the P-graph for optimizing public service processes

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa László Buics

Publication Name: Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The European Union set out several directives and standards for governments and local authorities on environmental policy issues in the planning and management of public services. Public service provisioning is subject to both traditional expectations (such as customer-friendliness and efficiency) and new environmental stewardship and sustainability expectations. This paper analyzes public service processes, particularly the university enrolment process. Our analysis used public service models (Service Blueprinting, Business Process Modeling, Process Chain Network) and a mathematical model (P-graph). Our research aims to analyze the university enrolment process and its efficiency, considering sustainability aspects and expectations and identifying the points that can be modified and improved to make it more efficient, sustainable, qualitatively positive, and economical. According to our research, school administrators are overburdened during the enrolment process, often resulting in overtime work and a high turnover ratio. Our results clearly show the high inefficiency of this administrative process, as administrators can only partially meet their expected labor targets during their regular working hours. We found that the university enrolment process can be improved and made more efficient and sustainable. Using the P-graph, we have found the process’s optimal path and resource requirements in a way that was not feasible with previous models. Heartened by these results, we propose introducing and applying the P-graph as a new model to study other public service processes. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.)

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s10098-024-02853-8

The Role of Demand-Responsive Transport Systems in Sustainable Urban Mobility: A Systematic Literature Review and Stakeholder Analysis †

Adhie Prayogo Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa László Buics

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 79

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

On-demand transportation, such as demand-responsive public transit (DRT), is gaining prominence as a mobility service tailored to passengers’ needs, offering flexibility in routes, pick-up/drop-off locations, and timing. This study aims to delve into the challenges and technological advancements within the DRT system, focusing on its application and effectiveness in various European Union states. The research first applied a systematic literature review using the PRISMA methodology with a PEO framework. Then, the research aims to provide information on how demand-responsive transportation operates in Central Eastern European countries by collecting and analyzing the characteristics of DRT service processes with a business process modeling approach. The findings aim to inform policymakers and stakeholders about the effectiveness and potential of DRT systems, facilitating informed decision making and policy formulation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2024079040

Case study-based scenario analysis comparing GHG emissions of wine packaging types

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Agnes Csiba-Herczeg Réka Koteczki Bence Lukács

Publication Name: Cleaner Engineering and Technology

Publication Date: 2023-08-01

Volume: 15

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The wine market has faced a serious problem in recent years, as the cost and environmental impact of commonly used wine bottles has become unsustainable for producers. In this paper, we present a case study of one of the largest wineries in Hungary, with the aim of investigating sustainability factors related to packaging materials. The winery has provided us with data on three types of bottles (Burgundy Glass Bottle, Bordeaux Glass Bottle and Bordeaux polyethylene terephthalate (PET) Bottle), for which the greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) related to production and the Co2e related to transport are calculated as part of Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). The maximum transport weight per truck is 23 501.70kg for Bordeaux PET bottle, 19 951.14 kg for Burgundy glass bottle and 22 290.18 kg for a Bordeaux glass bottle. In Hungary, a new law on packaging will come into force, whereby bottles will be subject to a deposit scheme. For this reason, eight scenarios were set up to calculate GHG emission. In the study, two types of raw material were investigated, glass and polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and calculations were made with recycled and reused materials. As a result of the study, the cases with the lowest Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) emissions are those with the highest amounts of recycled and reused packaging materials. Among the scenarios presented, the one with the lowest emissions in terms of production and transport is the case where 70% Bordeaux Recycled Glass Bottle and 30% rPET are used (247 231.697 kgCO2e). This scenario has 64% less GHG emissions than the scenario where only glass is used. In the present study, we performed a cradle-to-gate analysis of wine packaging, which may be worth expanding in future research with additional input and output factors during the product life cycle. The research carried out in this study also lays the foundation for research on consumer behaviour related to alternative wine packaging.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.clet.2023.100649

Sustainability Aspects of Drone-Assisted Last-Mile Delivery Systems—A Discrete Event Simulation Approach

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa László Buics Réka Koteczki Bence Lukács

Publication Name: Energies

Publication Date: 2023-06-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 12

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The goal of this article is to examine the advantages and disadvantages of the application of drones in last-mile delivery systems from a sustainability point of view regarding CO2 emissions and energy consumption. As commercial drones are developing rapidly, the application of such tools in the field of last-mile delivery and transportation can offer many opportunities to increase service flexibility, reduce delivery time and decrease CO2 emissions and energy consumption. In this article, a discrete event simulation is applied to examine how the assistance of drones in parcel delivery services can influence the sustainability aspects of such services regarding CO2 emissions and energy consumption in an urban environment. Based on factory parameters, a vehicle-based delivery scenario is compared to a drone-assisted scenario under ideal conditions. According to the results, within the simulation parameters with the assistance of drones, a decrease in CO2 emissions and energy consumption is possible in last-mile delivery services, but more environmental, technological and financial limitations should also be addressed and incorporated to determine whether such a development is worthwhile from a last-mile delivery company’s point of view.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/en16124656

Decision of Construction Technology from a Sustainability Aspect, Life Cycle Analysis Based on Transport and Construction

O. Kegyes-Brassai Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa László Buics

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 103

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 355-360

Description:

In the case of the different types of construction processes, an important aspect from the sustainability point of view is the organization of construction, the total construction time and cost, and their influence on CO2 emissions. In this study, in the case of construction projects, we examine the impact of the decided technology on the environmental impact. We take into consideration the aspects of transport and construction organization. Using life cycle analysis methods, we present the comparison of alternatives and sustainable solutions. Discrete event simulation is used to determine the CO2 emission rate under different maintenance approaches. In the simulation model, a 2 x 2 lane I2 type bridge is simulated with altered traffic lines according to the different scenarios of maintenance. In the case of a half-track closure, the capacity of a 2 × 2 lane road is reduced by half, while the capacity of a 2 × 1 lane road due to alternating traffic directions is reduced by more than 50 %. The extent of the reduction depends on the length of the closed section, which greatly affects the emptying time. According to the results of the simulation, the CO2 emission might be lower in the case of narrowed traffic alteration than in the case of half-track closure, but the maintenance timeframe is also an important factor.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23103060

Eye Tracker Experiment Buying Decision-Making Process with a Focus on Sustainable Consumption - Case Study

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 547-552

Description:

Today's environmentally damaging activities pose global challenges for companies, environmentalists and governments alike, but these activities are also reflected at the level of the individual. The aim of the study is to investigate the decision-making processes of Hungarian consumers regarding sustainable products and to validate the eye-trackers methodology to measure this. Two groups (n=10), one educated on sustainable products and one without prior education, were observed using Tobii Glasses 3 eye trackers while purchasing sustainable items in a local supermarket. The research uses a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative and quantitative methods. Participants completed pre-shopping questionnaires to gauge their attitudes toward ecologically responsible consumption. Post-shopping interviews provided insights into their decision-making processes. As a result of the research, Hungarian consumers are not aware of sustainable products overall, and based on the interviews, they only buy a small proportion of them. Members of the experimental group (5.03 min) were much quicker to find sustainable products than members of the control group (8.03 min). Logos suggesting sustainability are misleading to consumers, and they are most easily able to identify sustainable packaging labels. Based on our conclusions, to encourage consumers to consume sustainably, the first step is to clarify what sustainable consumption and sustainable products mean. These labels should be prominently displayed on product packaging so that consumers can find them as soon as possible.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107092

Exploring Purchase Decisions in Virtual Reality: A Systematic Review and Future Research Directions

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: 2023 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Cognitive Aspects of Virtual Reality Cvr 2023

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Virtual reality is becoming more widespread around the world and many industries are beginning to recognise its potential. In this paper, we have explored the relevant issues between virtual reality and marketing, based on which we have addressed the topic of virtual reality and retail. The methodology of the present paper is a Systematic Literature Review using the PRISMA model. Based on the SLR, 20 academic articles were found to be relevant to the research topic and are described in the paper. A further objective of the study was to design a future research plan, which was based on the SLR. Based on the research plan, future research will aim to investigate how the decision making process takes place in a 3D virtual shop and how it differs from 2D web shops.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CVR58941.2023.10395641

A Preliminary Investigation into Alternative Wine Packaging for Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction in Hungary

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Agnes Csiba-Herczeg Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 103

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 343-348

Description:

Based on sustainability aspects, the wine industry is under increasing global pressure regarding the packaging of wine. This means that, in the case of everyday wines, instead of glass wine bottles, they should find an alternative option that has a less burdensome impact on the environment and is more accessible. To investigate this, a scenario analysis was carried out using data from a Hungarian winery to examine two possible scenarios. The winery provided the sales share of each packaging type for 2022. In the scenarios, the rates of packaging types were varied in terms of the degree of acceptance of alternative packaging in each country. After determining the packaging ratios, GHG (greenhouse gas emission) was calculated for one million bottles, which would make the first scenario a more sustainable approach, as emissions would be 16 % lower than the emission of 2022 sales volume. Overall, the greater uptake of alternative packaging results in lower emissions in terms of production.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23103058

Sustainability trends in the wine industry: Cognitive biases and methodological insights from a PRISMA review

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Agnes Csiba-Herczeg Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: Ecocycles

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 9

Issue: 3

Page Range: 90-102

Description:

Sustainability—the characteristic, property, and goal of every responsible, mature, rational, and environmentally sensitive organization—has gained undeniable and incredible traction in the wine industry over the last few decades, influencing wine-making procedures and packaging. Determined actors inside and outside the industry have identified key environmental concerns, such as energy efficiency or recycling, that support promoting a sustainable industry. To explore how sustainability is implemented in the wine sector, we, the authors of this paper, conducted a systematic literature review methodology. The PRISMA model served as our primary criteria for focusing the literature search and was utilized in its execution. Our study analyses thirty scholarly publications, which are categorized according to three primary themes: (1) Wineries and Sustainability; (2) Wineries and Cognitive Biases; and (3) Wineries and Sustainability and Cognitive Biases. The novelty of the study lies in its use of a systematic literature review (SLR) to investigate the complex interaction between wine, cognitive biases, and sustainability with a combined focus. The findings point to the understudied domain of consumers' cognitive biases regarding alternate wine packaging. Our results show that there is potential for improvement in the wine sector in terms of sustainable packaging and the consumer behavior of accepting or rejecting specific packaging options. These areas are considered worthy of future holistic approach investigation because alternative packaging is critical to making the industry more environmentally friendly. Still, if consumers cannot accept and purchase wine thus packaged, such raises further questions. Our study may be helpful to stakeholders in the wine sector as practitioners increasingly seek to incorporate and promote sustainable practices in their operations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.19040/ecocycles.v9i3.376

Application of the FUCOM-FUZZY MAIRCA Model in Human Resource Management

Boris Delibašić Dragan Pamucar Darko Božanić Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Duško Tešić Ranko Lojić

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 20

Issue: 3

Page Range: 231-249

Description:

The paper presents the FUCOM-FMAIRCA MCDM model for application in human resource management. The proposed model allows the inclusion of all relevant stakeholders in the process of human resource selection, enhances the pool of scientific knowledge in the field of human resource management highlighting selection as a special activity, and uses modern quantitative (mathematical) decision-making methods. Based on the analysis of personality traits of teachers and literature related to this field, the necessary characteristics of teachers of the Military Academy are presented, on the basis of which the selection criteria are formed. The FUCOM method was used to define the weight coefficients of the defined criteria. In order to more precisely determine the qualitative properties and their quantification, triangular fuzzy numbers were implemented in the MAIRCA method, and by applying all the steps of this method, the ranking of alternatives was performed. Finally, in order to test the validity of the model, a sensitivity analysis was carried out.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.20.3.2023.3.14

Consumer Acceptance and Rejection Regarding Sustainable Wine Packaging

Péter Csiba Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Agnes Csiba-Herczeg Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 559-564

Description:

The wine sector is facing a major challenge in wine packaging. The environmental impact of packaging, one of the most CO2-emitting aspects of the wine industry, needs to be addressed. In this study, we investigate how open Hungarian consumers are to buying wine in non-traditional packaging. We showed images of several alternative packaging options to a sample of domestic consumers: 1) a domestic wine bag-in-box and 2) a pouch package and (3 & 4) their internationalized equivalents. We then presented participants with a questionnaire. The questionnaire asked about the following topics: Traditionality, Familiarity, Purchase Intention (PI), Product Appeal, Taste Expectations, and Uniqueness, with participant demographic questions also included. Cluster analysis was conducted for both Hungarian packaging (HP) and International wine packaging (IP) options, suggesting that different consumer groups have different attitudes toward alternative wine packaging options. Overall, consumers are slightly more accepting of Hungarian-packaged wines on average, but at the cluster level, if only those consumers most likely to accept (and purchase) alternative packaging are considered, acceptance is greater for IP wines. Generation Z wine consumers, who are self-reported to be knowledgeable about wine and have above-average incomes, were the most likely to accept international and Hungarian alternative packaging options. The innovators’ cluster group demonstrated the highest intention/willingness to purchase wine in alternative packaging of either the Hungarian or international sort. The mean value of Innovator IP is 4.84 for bag-in-box and 5.01 for pouches, making this group more accepting of pouches than bag-in-box packaging—an inversion of the preference of most other groups investigated. For both bag-in-box and pouch, the mean for the Innovator HP cluster is 5.17. For both Hungarian and international packaging options, it is clear that acceptance is lower for pouches (PI: 3.27; 3.47) than for bag-in-box (PI: 3.62; 3.88). We offer our results to decision-makers so that they may better understand the preferences of the Hungarian wine market and work to improve acceptance of non-traditional packaging options through consumer education and familiarization.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107094

Comparative Life Cycle Analyses of Regular and Irregular Maintenance of Bridges with Different Support Systems and Construction Technologies

O. Kegyes-Brassai Zoltán Major Attila Németh Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: 94

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 571-576

Description:

The maintenance cost of bridges is huge in every country e. g. in the USA it is (approx.) 41.8 G$. This causes a 6.2 % GHG emission rise annually. Reducing and minimizing cost, GHG level and CO2 pollution is a key factor and a major goal for sustainability. This study presents a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) of bridges with different support systems and construction technologies but with the same span and location. LCA considers regular and irregular bridge maintenance as well having a great influence on the need and timing for major maintenance or restoration in every 25 to 30 y. Regular maintenance means every 1 - 5 and 10 - y minor maintenance works take place. The analysis is based on primary data collected in Hungary examining fully constructed bridges. For the LCA, the cost of maintenance over a 100 y timespan is based on NIF regulations, the total rate of CO2 pollution and the EF (Ecological Footprint, Gha) level is used (Long et al., 2020;). In practice the maintenance of the bridges take place occasionally when the damage on the bridges are already visible and cannot be postponed based on the in - depth interviews with experts. It is assumed that the cost, EF and CO2 pollution of the regular maintenance over the examined timespan is less compared to results of the irregular life cycle model. Based on the case study presented, it can be concluded that the cost of LCA for regular bridge maintenance is 637,348.32 (k€) and for irregular bridge maintenance it is 994,415.12 (k€). The CO2 pollution for regular bridge maintenance is 12,948.24 (kt) and for irregular bridge maintenance is 13,876.86 (kt). The EF pollution for regular bridge maintenance is 3,237.06 (kGha) and for irregular bridge maintenance it is 3,469.22 (kGha). Considering the long - term sustainability aspects, it is recommended that the maintenance should be a regular and a controlled activity. It is vital to draw the attention of the decision makers, the legislators of the businesses, the maintenance operators, and the inspectors to these sustainability aspects.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET2294095

The Role of Hungarian Traffic Rules Education and Examination System – a Quality Function Deployment Approach

P. Földesi Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa László Buics Zsolt Csaba Horváth

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: 19

Issue: 7

Page Range: 7-26

Description:

This paper examines the traffic rules education and examination system in Hungary, by using the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method, as a new approach towards this complex topic. The education and examination of traffic rules are necessary for the stakeholders, but they have slightly different goals and objectives. This system has two separate stakeholders, the citizens and the authority, with their own set of goals, objectives, desires and ideas, about this system. The QFD reveals the connections between these layers. The paper analyses statistical data regarding road safety and presents the QFD model of both stakeholders and their inter-connections. The results of this work can be used to redesign education and examination methods, during the application of digitalized e-government solutions and as a general approach to match individual and public interests.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Examination of online education experiences from stakeholder perspective a Hungarian case study

P. Földesi Orsolya Putz Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa László Buics Zsolt Csaba Horváth Zoltán Varjú

Publication Name: International Conference on Higher Education Advances

Publication Date: 2022-01-01

Volume: 2022-June

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 159-167

Description:

With the rise of Covid-19, higher education has undergone a major transformation. Prior to the pandemic, many universities offered online courses, but the majority of universities were characterized by face-To-face teaching. The goal of this research is to find out students' and teachers' opinions on the online education introduced in the first phase of Covid, with the help of a survey. As teachers had to react very quickly to the situation, the research would like to assess what worked well and what didn't during the online education period, what is in the focus of positive and negative opinions. The aim of this survey is to get feedback from students and faculty members regarding their experiences with online education during Covid.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.4995/HEAd22.2022.14601

Corrosion Avoidance in the Metal Gate Industry Considering Sustainability

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Pál Eisinger

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 88

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1075-1080

Description:

Coating not cleaned up leads to massive emission worldwide, causing cancer and asthma. Coating gates to avoid corrosion needs to take place in nature. As a result, vast amounts of coating get sprayed out into nature, causing a significant sustainability issue. The industrial coating sector does not use protective equipment to save nature. The study aims to present a case study to minimise environmental pollution without increasing the cost of corrosion protection. The global cost related to corrosion has a significant burden on economies around the world – it costs approximately $2.5x1012 USD/y. It can be as high as 3.4 % of the GDP (2013). This cost has a significant impact on the efficiency of industries such as the automotive industry, industrial coatings and corrosion protection. Global demand for polyurethane coating materials will increase by 280 kt in 2022 (predictably). The volume of the solvent-based industrial coating consumption will grow significantly worldwide in the y 2021, predictably 1,400 Mt. In more detail, half of the coating is wasted, it drips onto the ground, gets into the air, so it causes pollution everywhere. The VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) of the industrial coating pollutes the air, the living organism, and it can cause cancer, asthma and many other yet unknown health problems. The aim of this study is not only to introduce (based on data analysis) but to call attention to the environmental load originating from the industrial coating. In this study, the sustainability aspects of corrosion have been examined – especially in respect of the treatment of metal structures.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET2188179

Servitization of public service processes with a simulation modelling approach

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa László Buics

Publication Name: Engineering Management in Production and Services

Publication Date: 2020-09-01

Volume: 12

Issue: 3

Page Range: 116-131

Description:

This article aims to examine how the theory of co-production can be connected with servitization and digitalisation and used together for the public service development with the help of discrete-event simulation modelling to highlight time-related deficiencies of a complex public service process, which is most commonly used by patchwork families. Data was taken from the Guardianship Office in Gyor (Hungary), based on which in-depth interviews were conducted. Based on the legal background and the interviews, the authors of the article created the process model of the contacting procedure. Based on the model, discrete-event simulation was used to identify the process elements for potential improvement through servitization. Discrete-event simulation showed the insufficiency of national regulation regarding the whole process and weaknesses of the contacting procedures in terms of quality and success. Basic reasons were found for the dissatisfaction expressed by participants of the procedures (administrators and customers). The increasing customer demand for high quality and efficient public services and failures in the New Public Management (NPM) in Eastern European countries require other approaches to advance. The paper connects the theory of co-production and servitization in a public service context and demonstrates how a complex public service can be examined with this approach to find possible improvements. The government must change the process regulation considering the number of the cases, the workload of administrators and family types (divorced or patchwork). The emphasis should be placed on the training and experience of administrators.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.2478/emj-2020-0023

Health insurance pharmaceutical expenditures in Hungary

István Ágoston Tímea Csákvári Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa

Publication Name: Orvosi Hetilap

Publication Date: 2019-02-01

Volume: 160

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 49-54

Description:

Introduction: In Hungary, health expenditures –especially the question of health insurance subsidies for medicinal products –are becoming increasingly important. Aim: The aim of our analysis is to reveal the state's health insurance expenditure between 2010 and 2016 as well as the amount of health insurance subsidies for medicinal products. Data and methods: Data were derived from the database of the National Health Insurance Fund of Hungary and of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office. During the analysis we examined the period between 2010 and 2016. We analysed the health expenditures in proportion to the gross domestic product (GDP) as well as the changes of drug traffic based on gross consumer prices and those of health insurance subsidies, and also our regional inequalities. When writing the present study, we used descriptive statistical methods. Results: The expenditures of the National Health Insurance Fund of Hungary significantly increased as proportions of the GDP from 5.5% in 2010 to 6.1% in 2016. The health insurance subsidies for medicinal products increased since 2013. The highest health insurance subsidies per 10 000 inhabitants could be seen in Baranya (405 788 HUF/ inhabitant) and Csongrád (384 724 HUF/inhabitant) counties and in Budapest (377 316 HUF/inhabitant). The lowest health insurance subsidies were found in Nógrád (289 168 HUF/inhabitant) and Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg (271 104 HUF/inhabitant) counties. Conclusion: The trends of health and drug expenditure show a growing tendency. We can find significant regional inequalities in case of both the drug traffic based on gross consumer prices and the health insurance subsidies. It would be needed to strengthen the elements of prevention, and to popularize health-conscious lifestyle and doing sports.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/650.2019.31394

Traditional or alternative wine packaging: a study of consumer choices and perceptions

Boglárka Eisingerné Balassa Agnes Csiba-Herczeg Réka Koteczki

Publication Name: International Journal of Urban Sciences

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 29

Issue: 1

Page Range: 314-331

Description:

Sustainability concerns in the wine sector have resulted in alternative types of wine packaging to traditional glass packaging. This article examines the impact of cultural heritage and environmental awareness on consumer behaviour and purchasing decisions in relation to wine packaging. To investigate this, a wine tasting experiment was carried out on a sample of 211 people in the city of Pécs, in Hungary, to assess consumers’ perceptions, taste perceptions and purchase propensity for 7 types of wine packaging. In order to measure the effect of each type of packaging, the same wine was poured into the same types of packaging. The aim of the experiment was to identify consumers’ attitudes towards traditional packaging and their preferences for alternative options. The results were analysed using factor analysis to identify 2 factor groups for each pack, which were validated using Bartlett's Test and Chi-squared Test. The results show that packaging style and traditionality have a significant impact on consumer preferences, especially for alternatives such as bag-in-box or pouch, which are completely different from the traditional glass bottle. In the case of PET bottles, the packaging itself has a strong explanatory power, which may be explained by its similarity in form to the glass bottle. The novelty of this research lies in the fact that with the help of the we were able to measure the effect of different wine packaging, alongside the role of cultural traditions. Based on the results, it is proposed that wine industry stakeholders should raise consumer awareness of the benefits of environmentally friendly packaging alternatives and take measures to reduce the environmental impact of traditional glass bottles.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1080/12265934.2025.2452498