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Found 5152 publications
Navigating AI-Driven Financial Forecasting: A Systematic Review of Current Status and Critical Research Gaps
Publication Name: Forecasting
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 7
Issue: 3
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This systematic literature review explores the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in financial market forecasting, with a focus on four asset classes: equities, cryptocurrencies, commodities, and foreign exchange markets. Guided by the PRISMA methodology, the study identifies the most widely used predictive models, particularly LSTM, GRU, XGBoost, and hybrid deep learning architectures, as well as key evaluation metrics, such as RMSE and MAPE. The findings confirm that AI-based approaches, especially neural networks, outperform traditional statistical methods in capturing non-linear and high-dimensional dynamics. However, the analysis also reveals several critical research gaps. Most notably, current models are rarely embedded into real or simulated trading strategies, limiting their practical applicability. Furthermore, the sensitivity of widely used metrics like MAPE to volatility remains underexplored, particularly in highly unstable environments such as crypto markets. Temporal robustness is also a concern, as many studies fail to validate their models across different market regimes. While data covering one to ten years is most common, few studies assess performance stability over time. By highlighting these limitations, this review not only synthesizes the current state of the art but also outlines essential directions for future research. Specifically, it calls for greater emphasis on model interpretability, strategy-level evaluation, and volatility-aware validation frameworks, thereby contributing to the advancement of AI’s real-world utility in financial forecasting.
Open Access: Yes
Regenerative soil treatments with alginite, mulch, and cover crops under minimum tillage: Impacts on soil organic matter content and quality in a 3-year study
Publication Name: Agronomy Journal
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 117
Issue: 5
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
The degradation of arable land globally, largely due to declining soil organic matter (SOM), is a pressing issue. SOM is essential for various soil functions and significantly influences soil quality and health. Our study aimed to compare soil regenerative management methods for soil quality and basic essential functions and their effectiveness. We focused on selecting methods suitable for effectively monitoring changes during soil management. Over 3 years, we employed core methods, including minimum-till practices and natural mineral applications, to enhance soil physical characteristics, using cover crops and mulch to enrich SOM content. We assessed chemical soil properties such as total organic carbon (TOC), labile-C (permanganate oxidizable carbon [POXC], dissolved organic carbon [DOC], NaOH-soluble fulvic acids), glomalin content, and plant productivity. Our findings revealed that minimum-till had a significant time-dependent effect, increasing surface soil TOC by 17.58%, NaOH-soluble humic acids by 40.85%, and POXC by 77.75% over 3 years. Mulch and cover crop treatments enhanced specific carbon parameters and crop production. Different methods of assessing carbon levels proved useful for tracking time-dependent changes in soil quality. Labile-C forms such as DOC and POXC were most effective for shorter experiments, while TOC, glomalin, and NaF-soluble humic acids were better indicators for more extended experiments. These findings provide valuable insights for sustainable soil management practices.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.1002/agj2.70140
Psychological Capital, Workplace Stress, and Mobbing in the Context of Workers’ Mental Health
Publication Name: Societies
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 15
Issue: 9
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This study examines how employees’ psychological capital relates to workplace stress and mobbing (also known as workplace bullying) across three European countries. Stress has become an increasingly dominant issue globally since the second half of the 20th century, moving from clinical contexts into public awareness. It is now recognized as a significant health risk factor, particularly in work environments. While positive forms of stress (eustress) can enhance performance, chronic workplace stress is linked to serious mental and physical health problems. This study investigates the relationship between psychological capital (PsyCap), workplace stress, and mobbing among employees in Germany, Austria, and Hungary. Based on a cross-sectional survey (N = 89), the research applied validated instruments (PCQ, PSS-10, COPSOQ II) to measure PsyCap, perceived workplace stress, and experiences of mobbing. Results show a high average PsyCap level (M = 4.64, SD = 0.70) and a moderate perceived workplace stress level (M = 2.73, SD = 0.62) across the sample. A strong negative correlation was identified between PsyCap and workplace stress (r = −0.573, p < 0.001), while a moderate positive correlation was found between workplace stress and mobbing experiences (r = 0.323, p = 0.002). Although PsyCap moderated stress levels, it did not significantly moderate the relationship between mobbing and perceived stress. These findings emphasize the role of PsyCap in reducing workplace stress and underline the necessity of organizational interventions in promoting psychological resilience and mobbing prevention. The results also indicate a need to further examine the causal relationship between mobbing, stress, and PsyCap.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/soc15090244
Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis for Examining the Relationship between Food Waste Generation and Socio-economic Factors
Publication Name: Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy Water and Environment Systems
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Page Range: 1-16
Description:
Food waste contributes to social inequalities and sustainability issues by worsening resource overuse and environmental harm. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 17 highlights the importance of reducing food waste to address hunger and promote a sustainable, economically viable global food system. This paper examines the geographic differences in food waste levels among European Union member nations and analyses the associations between food waste and diverse environmental, geographic, social and economic indicators, including Sustainable Development Goals and other sustainability metrics. Using dimensionality reduction methods, nontrivial multivariate connections between food waste and these parameters were identified, allowing for the characterisation of countries based on a few significant factors. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), applied to food waste data across European Union countries, uncovered three distinct groups: (1) those with elevated food waste in primary production, manufacturing and distribution stages; (2) those with lower waste in these domains yet elevated waste in restaurants and households; and (3) those with all of their food waste components smaller than or equal to the average. The multivariate linear correlation between the PCA factors and socio-economic parameters is nonsignificant, but a few (nonlinear) regularities could be identified: five of the six countries of the first group above are characterised by the population settled mainly on flatland and an above-average supply of meat or fish. Another pattern observed is that former Eastern Bloc countries belong to the third group. The research findings offer valuable insights that can inform the efforts of environmental experts, professionals and policymakers working in the circular economy and waste management domains. This knowledge can facilitate the development of more effective strategies aimed at mitigating food waste and promoting sustainability.
Open Access: Yes
A Life Cycle Assessment Framework for Evaluating the Climate Impact of Hydrogen-Based Passenger Vehicle Technologies Toward Sustainable Mobility
Publication Name: Hydrogen Switzerland
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 6
Issue: 3
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Hydrogen-based mobility solutions could offer viable technology for sustainable transportation. Current research often examines single pathways, leaving broader comparisons unexplored. This comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) evaluates which vehicle type achieves the best environmental performance when using hydrogen from grey, blue, and green production pathways, the three dominant carbon-intensity variants currently deployed. This study examines seven distinct vehicle configurations that rely on hydrogen-derived energy sources across various propulsion systems: a hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle (H2 FCEV), hydrogen internal combustion engine vehicle (H2 ICEV), methanol flexible fuel vehicle (MeOH FFV), ethanol flexible vehicle (EtOH FFV), Fischer-Tropsch (FT) diesel internal combustion vehicle (FTD ICEV) and renewable compressed natural gas vehicle (RNGV). Via both grey and blue hydrogen production, H2 FCEVs are the best options from the viewpoint of GWP, but surprisingly, in the green category, FT-fueled vehicles take over both first and second place, as they produce nearly half the lifetime carbon emissions of purely hydrogen-fueled vehicles. RNGV also emerges as a promising alternative, offering optimal engine properties in a system similar to H2 ICEVs, enabling parallel development and technological upgrades. These findings not only highlight viable low-carbon pathways but also provide clear guidance for future targeted, detailed, applied research.
Open Access: Yes
Integrating generative and parametric design with BIM: A literature review of challenges and research gaps in construction design
Publication Name: Applications in Engineering Science
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 23
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Parametric Design (PD), Generative Design (GD), and Building Information Modelling (BIM) have emerged as transformative tools in the construction industry, offering significant potential for design optimisation, interdisciplinary collaboration, and data-driven decision making. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review to evaluate the current state of PD, GD, and BIM integration, highlighting practical applications and identifying research gaps. In addition to mapping the academic discourse, the review also highlights selected practical implementations from existing literature to illustrate how these technologies are being translated into applied workflows. Furthermore, the methodology section critically reflects on the limitations of the keyword-based search strategy and suggests future directions to mitigate potential literature gaps. While many studies demonstrate efficiency gains in early design phases, the integration of these technologies across the full building lifecycle remains limited. Key challenges include insufficient interoperability between platforms, lack of standardisation, and minimal adoption of GD-BIM combinations in construction and logistics. Furthermore, few studies address the regulatory compliance and real-world scalability of AI-assisted generative models. The review concludes that although these digital methods can accelerate innovation and sustainability, their practical implementation requires further research in construction management, code-based automation, and human-in-the-loop design workflows.
Open Access: Yes
Optimizing the Artificial Aging Process of Lubricating Oils Contaminated by Alternative Fuel Using Design of Experiments Methodology
Publication Name: Lubricants
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 9
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This study aimed to develop an experimental method for producing artificially aged oil with properties—such as coefficient of friction, average wear scar diameter, and antiwear additive content—similar to those of used oil contaminated with alternative fuel, sampled after 129 h of engine test bench operation. A design of experiment (DoE) methodology was applied to examine the effects of various parameters and identify optimal settings. Friction and wear tests were conducted using an Optimol SRV5 tribometer in a ball-on-disc configuration, while wear scars were analyzed with a Keyence VHX-1000 digital microscope. Oil analysis was conducted with an Anton Paar 3001 viscometer and a Bruker Invenio-S Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer. The DoE results showed that the heating duration had a negligible effect on oil degradation. Aging time primarily affected changes in the friction coefficient and average wear scar diameter, whereas aging temperature was the primary factor influencing the anti-wear additive content. Gaussian elimination identified the optimal aging parameters as 132.8 °C and 103.1 h. These results were confirmed through surface analysis using a ThermoFisher NexsaG2 X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, which showed that the tribofilm composition of the used oil most closely matched that of artificially aged oils prepared at 120 °C for 96 h and 140 °C for 120 h. The strong correlation between the predicted and experimentally confirmed conditions demonstrates the reliability of the proposed method for replicating realistic aging effects in lubricating oils.
Open Access: Yes
Structural Brain Abnormalities, Diagnostic Approaches, and Treatment Strategies in Vertigo: A Case-Control Study
Publication Name: Neurology International
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 17
Issue: 9
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Background/Objectives: Dizziness is a frequent medical complaint with neurological, otolaryngological, and psychological origins. Imaging studies such as CT (Computer Tomography), cervical X-rays, and ultrasound aid diagnosis, while MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) is crucial for detecting brain abnormalities. Our purpose is to identify structural brain changes associated with vertigo, assess pre-MRI diagnostic approaches, and evaluate treatment strategies. Methods: A case-control study of 232 vertigo patients and 232 controls analyzed MRI findings, pre-MRI examinations, symptoms, and treatments. Statistical comparisons were performed using chi-square and t-tests (p < 0.05). Results: White matter lesions, lacunar infarcts, Circle of Willis variations, and sinusitis were significantly more frequent in vertigo patients (p < 0.05). Pre-MRI diagnostics frequently identified atherosclerosis (ultrasound) and spondylosis (X-ray). Common symptoms included headache, imbalance, and visual disturbances. The most frequent post-MRI diagnosis was Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV). Treatments included lifestyle modifications, physical therapy (e.g., Epley maneuver), and pharmacological therapies such as betahistine. Conclusions: MRI revealed structural brain changes linked to vertigo. Pre-MRI assessments are essential for ruling out vascular and musculoskeletal causes. A multidisciplinary treatment approach is recommended. Trial Registration: This study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with the trial registration number NCT06848712 on 22 February 2025.
Open Access: Yes
What makes CrossFit exercise unique? Addiction, passion, or motivation?
Publication Name: Sport Sciences for Health
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Page Range: 2167-2183
Description:
Background: CrossFit is one of the fastest-growing exercise regimens worldwide. Around 4 million people practice CrossFit in over 100 countries. This high-intensity training is performed with passion, often involving pain for gain, which sets CrossFit apart from most traditional exercises. Aims: Based on this premise, we aimed to test the hypothesis that the risk of exercise addiction (REA), obsessive passion (OP), harmonious passion (HP), and internal motivational regulations are greater in CrossFit than in other exercises. Methods: This study employed a between-participants research design, adopting a survey-based, cross-sectional approach. The study involved 507 participants (62.7% male), comprising 238 practicing CrossFit enthusiasts and 269 mixed exercisers classified as controls. Results: CrossFit practitioners scored significantly higher than controls on REA (Cohen’s d = 0.18) and both OP (d = 0.30) and HP (d = 0.32), but not motivational regulations. The effect sizes were small. However, after controlling for OP and HP, the group differences in REA vanished. The prevalence of “high” REA was 25.2% in the CrossFit group compared to 13.4% in the controls (p < 0.001). However, after controlling for OP and HP in a binary logistic regression, the group differences disappeared again. At the same time, OP (odds ratio [OR] = 0.795) and HP (OR = 0.653) remained statistically significant predictors in the model. Two group-by-gender interactions suggested that women in CrossFit had greater intrinsic-effective regulation and introjected regulation than controls. In comparison, men in CrossFit exhibited lesser introjected regulation compared to controls. Conclusion: The findings suggest that passion is what distinguishes CrossFit from other exercises, but gender-related differences may also exist at motivational levels.
Open Access: Yes
