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Found 5152 publications
The Role of Leadership in Attracting Intellectual Migrants and Boosting Innovative Development of Countries
Publication Name: Contemporary Economics
Publication Date: 2025-09-25
Volume: 19
Issue: 3
Page Range: 339-354
Description:
The study aims to study the role of leadership in innovative development, including opportunities arising from the attractiveness of countries for intellectual migrants. The novelty of the research is in justifying the authors’ approach to assessing leadership development at the macroeconomic level and its use for defining the peculiarities of leadership development in the EU and assessing the links with of innovative development and attraction of countries for intellectual migrants. Considering leadership as an important feature of the macroeconomic environment for countries’ development, the correlation analysis was used to test hypotheses about the positive impact of leadership on (a) the attractiveness of countries for intellectual migrants; (b) the innovative development of countries. The resulting pairwise correlation coefficients for the EU show a strong relationship between the level of leadership and a country’s ability to attract (0.776) and retain talent (0.846), attract highly educated workers (0.757) and foreign entrepreneurs (0.780). A positive impact of leadership on innovative development is confirmed by the links with the overall value of the Global Innovation Index (0.825), the Growth of innovative companies (0.768) and the Entrepreneurial employee activity rate (0.599). The obtained findings prove the importance of leadership development as an important driver of talent attraction and the generation of innovative ideas.
Open Access: Yes
New and rare trachyuropodid mites from Paraguay (Acari: Mesostigmata)
Publication Name: Ecologica Montenegrina
Publication Date: 2025-09-19
Volume: 89
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: 189-196
Description:
New occurrences of the Origmatrachys gracilis (Hirschmann, 1976), Graecatrachys mesofovea (Hirschmann, 1976), and Arculatatrachys pomberoi Kontschán & Ermilov, 2022 are presented from Paraguay with the description of a new trachyuropodid mite species (Leonardiella aoao sp. nov.). This is the first report of the genus Leonardiella from Paraguay, from South America, and from continental America as well. The new species differs from the congeners in dorsal setation and ring-like, strongly sclerotized structures on the ventral idiosoma.
Open Access: Yes
Short-period supply reliability evaluation of a gas pipeline network based on transient operation optimization and support vector regression
Publication Name: Energy
Publication Date: 2025-09-15
Volume: 331
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
The gas pipeline network is a critical infrastructure connecting downstream customers and upstream sources, and the gas supply condition of the gas network directly impacts people's lives. In this paper, a novel methodology is proposed to evaluate the short-period supply reliability of a gas pipeline system based on transient operation optimization and support vector regression. Firstly, supply and demand uncertainty characteristics are analyzed, and representative scenarios are selected through the improved Latin Hypercube Sampling method. Secondly, the transient peak-shaving characteristics are studied, and the physical transient peak-shaving operation optimization model is established to evaluate the satisfaction rate of gas customers and the system under representative scenarios. Then the Support Vector Regression model based on the improved Particle Swarm Optimization is established to predict the satisfaction rate of the customer or system under each random scenario, and the probabilities under different satisfaction degrees of the customer and system are given to reflect the supply reliability of a gas network. The proposed integrated methodology is verified by a specific gas pipeline system, and the results show that the maximum and the mean absolute error of the predicted satisfaction rate of the system's demand quantity can be reduced to 0.0070 and 0.0009, and the time consumed for the evaluation process can be reduced by 95 % compared to the traditional pure physical model. The proposed methodology can lay a solid foundation for the grasp of the short-period supply reliability of gas networks.
Open Access: Yes
Application of chlorogenic acid in dairy product enrichment/fortification – a review
Publication Name: Lwt
Publication Date: 2025-09-15
Volume: 232
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Chlorogenic acid (CGA), also known as 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, is one of the most abundant phenolic compounds in nature. CGA exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, neuroprotective, cardiovascular, hepatoprotective, and metabolic regulatory properties. Due to the high usage of milk and fermented milk products, dairy becomes an excellent food source for CGA fortification, focusing on exploiting health benefits for consumers. An increasing trend exists in utilizing plant materials rich in CGA in dairy formulations to enhance dairy products' antioxidant profile and health-promoting potential. This review examines 58 recent studies on CGA incorporation into dairy products, focusing on their chemistry, biological activities, processing methods, and potential challenges for fortification. Extraction techniques such as microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasonic-assisted methods are preferred over conventional methods due to their efficiency and the quality of the extracts. In dairy formulations, thermal processing, high-pressure homogenization, controlled fermentation, and encapsulation techniques are critical for maintaining the stability and efficacy of CGA. Encapsulation with materials like β-cyclodextrin and chitosan nanoparticles enhances CGA stability during processing, storage, and digestion. This review emphasizes the significance of understanding CGA-protein interactions in dairy matrices, as these can either protect CGA from degradation or influence its bioavailability. The findings of this study underscore, in heat-treated and fermented dairy systems, that processing-induced CGA-milk protein interactions safeguard CGA from oxidative damage and improve CGA's bioaccessibility. Further research is needed to optimize CGA fortification strategies in dairy products to maximize their functional benefits.
Open Access: Yes
First detection of Ehrlichia cf. ewingii in a reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in Hungary
Publication Name: Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
Publication Date: 2025-09-15
Volume: 73
Issue: 3
Page Range: 144-149
Description:
Abstract: This the first report on the presence of Ehrlichia cf. ewingii in a reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in Hungary. The animal started to show apathy and loss of appetite and subsequently died shortly after being placed in an enclosure with dense vegetation, following a quarantine period. During the diagnostic necropsy, a large volume of reddish pericardial and thoracic effusion was observed resembling heartwater disease. Ehrlichia cf. ewingii was detected from the thoracic effusion by PCR and sequencing. The selenium content of multiple organs (liver, kidney, heart and skeletal muscles) were measured, but no increase was found. PCR tests for the detection of adenoviruses from the liver, lungs and spleen were negative. The routine bacteriological culture from the liver did not yield specific results either. To establish a causal relationship between the presence of E. cf. ewingii and the animal's death, further investigations are necessary.
Open Access: Yes
Determinants of SMEs' strategic entrepreneurial innovative digitalization: examining the mediation role of human capital
Publication Name: European Journal of Innovation Management
Publication Date: 2025-09-10
Volume: 28
Issue: 7
Page Range: 2733-2760
Description:
Purpose This study was inspired by research of strategists on strategic innovation (SI), aiming to provide a unique model to enhance the digitization of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Bangladesh to fill the gap toward a digital economy. Design/methodology/approach A survey was used to collect data from 180 SMEs in the manufacturing industry for this research. The results indicate that strategic innovativeness (SI), human capital (HC), infrastructure and technology and resistance to change significantly influence the digitalization in Bangladesh SMEs. Findings The link between SI and SMEs' digitalization in Bangladesh is mediated by HC. The results show that HC plays a big role in the connection between SI and the digitalization of SMEs. This study may be valuable for SMEs managers, researchers and policymakers in Bangladesh and other developing nations, who want to learn more about SI in adopting digitalization. Originality/value The specialized knowledge and abilities of strategists allow them to establish parallels between the past and present, enabling them to make a sustained forecast about the digital economy. This study encourages small and medium-sized businesses to develop their SI and advance their HC, which could further deject resistance to change toward enhancing and adopting digitalization in SMEs sectors.
Open Access: Yes
Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis for Examining the Relationship between Food Waste Generation and Socio-economic Factors
Publication Name: Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy Water and Environment Systems
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 3
Page Range: 1-16
Description:
Food waste contributes to social inequalities and sustainability issues by worsening resource overuse and environmental harm. The United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 17 highlights the importance of reducing food waste to address hunger and promote a sustainable, economically viable global food system. This paper examines the geographic differences in food waste levels among European Union member nations and analyses the associations between food waste and diverse environmental, geographic, social and economic indicators, including Sustainable Development Goals and other sustainability metrics. Using dimensionality reduction methods, nontrivial multivariate connections between food waste and these parameters were identified, allowing for the characterisation of countries based on a few significant factors. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), applied to food waste data across European Union countries, uncovered three distinct groups: (1) those with elevated food waste in primary production, manufacturing and distribution stages; (2) those with lower waste in these domains yet elevated waste in restaurants and households; and (3) those with all of their food waste components smaller than or equal to the average. The multivariate linear correlation between the PCA factors and socio-economic parameters is nonsignificant, but a few (nonlinear) regularities could be identified: five of the six countries of the first group above are characterised by the population settled mainly on flatland and an above-average supply of meat or fish. Another pattern observed is that former Eastern Bloc countries belong to the third group. The research findings offer valuable insights that can inform the efforts of environmental experts, professionals and policymakers working in the circular economy and waste management domains. This knowledge can facilitate the development of more effective strategies aimed at mitigating food waste and promoting sustainability.
Open Access: Yes
A proposed wavelet analysis based fault diagnosis scheme of power transformers using fault signatures and CT saturation
Publication Name: Results in Engineering
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 27
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Diagnosis of concealed internal faults within power transformer is a key for high grid reliability to ensure continuity of power supply to customers. One of the urgent situations of power transformer is the faults under CT saturation and the operation under inrush currents that lead to huge failure of fault identification of the power transformer. In this paper, a fault identification scheme is designed using details and approximate coefficients obtained by discreet wavelet transform applied to a differential current signal under different situations. Also, this paper considers the impact of transformer internal faults such as turn to earth and turn to turn faults, external faults, and inrush currents. The signature of processing differential current is employed for identifying these fault conditions since such fault has a distinct differential current signature. The simulation tests are performed on a 115/22 kV power transformer using ATP-EMTP real-time simulator. Different wavelet families are assessed to show that the optimum mother wavelet, db1, has high fault detection and classification performance. The proposed scheme is verified for transformer energization conditions, and the influence of CT saturation is also considered in this study. Moreover, one of the most important proposed scheme features is simplicity with high lights aspects toward all fault conditions and fault types at different fault location and different fault resistances. Intensive simulation results are obtained to prove the improved selectivity and sensitivity of the proposed scheme for identifying internal transformer faults. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is not only conducted in terms of transformer loading and fault resistance variation, but transformer scalability study is also verified. Finally, to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, an assessment study is adopted to show the accuracy and reliability of differential protection scheme.
Open Access: Yes
Optimizing the Artificial Aging Process of Lubricating Oils Contaminated by Alternative Fuel Using Design of Experiments Methodology
Publication Name: Lubricants
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 9
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This study aimed to develop an experimental method for producing artificially aged oil with properties—such as coefficient of friction, average wear scar diameter, and antiwear additive content—similar to those of used oil contaminated with alternative fuel, sampled after 129 h of engine test bench operation. A design of experiment (DoE) methodology was applied to examine the effects of various parameters and identify optimal settings. Friction and wear tests were conducted using an Optimol SRV5 tribometer in a ball-on-disc configuration, while wear scars were analyzed with a Keyence VHX-1000 digital microscope. Oil analysis was conducted with an Anton Paar 3001 viscometer and a Bruker Invenio-S Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer. The DoE results showed that the heating duration had a negligible effect on oil degradation. Aging time primarily affected changes in the friction coefficient and average wear scar diameter, whereas aging temperature was the primary factor influencing the anti-wear additive content. Gaussian elimination identified the optimal aging parameters as 132.8 °C and 103.1 h. These results were confirmed through surface analysis using a ThermoFisher NexsaG2 X-ray photoelectron spectrometer, which showed that the tribofilm composition of the used oil most closely matched that of artificially aged oils prepared at 120 °C for 96 h and 140 °C for 120 h. The strong correlation between the predicted and experimentally confirmed conditions demonstrates the reliability of the proposed method for replicating realistic aging effects in lubricating oils.
Open Access: Yes
