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Found 6327 publications

Enabling in-depth analysis in heat exchanger network synthesis via graph-theoretic tool: Experiences in Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus

Ákos Orosz Jaka Sunarso Bing Shen How Sin Yong Teng Ferenc Friedler

Publication Name: Education for Chemical Engineers

Publication Date: 2023-04-01

Volume: 43

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 100-112

Description:

The ability and capability to analyze and benchmark alternative designs on top of the optimal network are deemed valuable competencies for current and future chemical engineers. In this context, a process graph (P-graph)-inspired tool – P-HENS is introduced to an integrated plant design unit in an undergraduate chemical engineering degree program at Swinburne University of Technology Sarawak Campus in Malaysia. The energy recovery aspect is one of the key design elements in the integrated plant design unit. The introduction of P-HENS, which is capable of mathematically determining multiple optimal and sub-optimal solutions is considered useful for the students to (i) identify plausible heat exchanger networks (HENs) structures that may be overlooked using conventional approaches and (ii) enable a more in-depth analysis to justify the selected design. Overall, the implementation of P-HENS shows positive outcomes, where this free-of-charge software complements the learning of conventional manual approaches used in HENs synthesis. Furthermore, recommendations suggested by the users (students) are collected and compiled for potential future software development. This work serves as an essential reference for other chemical engineering educators who are teaching pinch analysis or heat integration-related courses.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.ece.2022.12.003

EVALUATION THE BEHAVIOR OF PULLOUT FORCE AND DISPLACEMENT FOR A SINGLE PILE: EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION WITH PLAXIS 3D

Edina Koch Shaymaa Alsamia

Publication Name: Kufa Journal of Engineering

Publication Date: 2023-04-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 2

Page Range: 105-116

Description:

This study conducted an experimental and numerical investigation to examine the pullout behavior of a single pile in sand soil with a specific density. The soil testing model was constructed to simulate real-world geotechnical applications where the soil is subjected to varying pullout forces. The experimental setup involved measuring vertical displacement corresponding to different values of pullout forces. The results were then compared to numerical results obtained from a PLAXIS 3D model with HS-small. The experimental and numerical results showed good agreement, demonstrating the effectiveness of the numerical model in simulating real-world geotechnical applications. The study provides valuable insights into the pullout behavior of a pile in soil with specific density and can be used to improve the design and construction of geotechnical structures. The difference between experimental results and numerical predictions was in acceptable values.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.30572/2018/KJE/140207

UNDERSTANDING AND ACCEPTANCE OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING IN AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

Dániel Feszty Tibor Dőry Bálint Filep Tamás Kolossváry

Publication Name: Decision Making Applications in Management and Engineering

Publication Date: 2023-04-01

Volume: 6

Issue: 1

Page Range: 70-91

Description:

Systems Engineering (SE) is a new engineering method for many firms in Automotive Product Development that expectedly advances their development processes to meet their stakeholder needs more effectively. Literature suggest that understanding and acceptance are key factors in the implementation, however comprehensive modes for their increase are barely discussed. In this paper, we propose a Participatory Action Research based on multiple research elements to find an effective technique for gaining understanding and acceptance on SE in a validated model environment of automotive industry called Formula SAE. We present practical outcomes at each steps of the implementation process and analyze the effect of improvements in the context of strategy, structure processes.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.31181/dmame04012023k

Prediction system of rolling contact fatigue on crossing nose based on support vector regression

Szabolcs Fischer Mykola Sysyn Olga Nabochenko Jianxing Liu Wei He Lei Kou

Publication Name: Measurement Journal of the International Measurement Confederation

Publication Date: 2023-03-31

Volume: 210

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

It is essential to assess the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) of turnouts and maintain them in advance. It saves a lot of money while protecting the safety of railway operations. In Germany, the damage on rails, especially crossing noses, mainly depends on the subjective judgment of experts. There are no objective and comprehensive evaluation criteria. This paper presents the application of image processing and supervised machine learning algorithms to crossing nose fatigue judgment. The fatigue characteristics of the crossing nose rolling contact surface along the life cycle of the crossing nose are analyzed. The study used crack information from magnetic particle inspection (MPI) images of crossing nose surfaces. It uses basic image processing methods to collect physical information about features of fatigue cracks in images. Existing feature selection methods are used to exclude irrelevant features and retain valuable features. And we select the best feature selection method through the regression results. Statistically significant crack features and combinations that depict the surface fatigue state are found. In this paper, by comparing several usually machine learning regression algorithms, it is found that the supervised learning of support vector machine regression (SVR) has achieved the best results in the regression fitting of the crack feature data in this paper. The regression results form a simple system to evaluate the life cycle of crossing nose. The system finds the location of cracks that can create dangerous defects in the crossing nose surface. The research result consists of the early prediction of rail contact fatigue.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2023.112579

Comparative Analysis of Flexitarian, Vegetarian and Vegan Diets: A Review

Mukhtar H. Ahmed Judit Molnár Dávid Vasas

Publication Name: Elelmiszervizsgalati Kozlemenyek

Publication Date: 2023-03-31

Volume: 69

Issue: 1

Page Range: 4382-4389

Description:

Background: Healthy eating is one of the main factors of maintaining health. Certain diets such as flexitarian, vegetarian and vegan can be associated with a healthy lifestyle. These diets have recently become more common. Aim: This review aims to summarize the characteristics of a flexitarian, vegetarian, and vegan diet by comparing these specific nutritional trends through the processed literature. Methods: Electronic searches were performed on the Google Scholar database, Medline, PubMed, and Science Direct. The manuscript summarizes publications on flexitarian, vegetarian, and vegan diets. Furthermore, it examines the relationships between different nutritional trends as well. Result: The summarized vegan (100% plant-based diet), vegetarian (plant-rich diet), and flexitarian (plant-based with high-quality meat consumption diet) have become the focus of results through this literature. Conclusion: Flexitarian, vegetarian and vegan diets contribute to a healthy lifestyle and sustainable agriculture by following nutritional recommendations. The common basis of diets is to appreciate natural values and maintain health.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.52091/EVIK-2023/1-4-ENG

Quantification of total polyphenol content in wine lees by conventional optical and photoacoustic spectroscopy

Zsolt Zsófi György Végvári G. Simon G. Ficzek Szabolcs Villangó Ottó Dóka

Publication Name: Oeno One

Publication Date: 2023-03-30

Volume: 57

Issue: 2

Page Range: 257-264

Description:

The He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) and photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), a variant of the photothermal methods, were combined with the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetry method to determine total phenolics in wine lees. Utilising this method we found that the total polyphenol content of the nine selected wine lees varied from 1305 to 3907 mg/L. The gallic acid equivalent was determined by means of spectrophotometry using 765 nm as the analytical wavelength. The original Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetry assay was modified for the PAS measurements. Since the PAS does not need dilution, the filtration steps and the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent were used directly on the wine lees samples. Using the original colour reaction process and the modified reaction, the PAS showed linear behaviour between the total polyphenol content and the PA signal; the results of which gave determination coefficients of 0.9946 and 0.9936, while the limit of detection was 232.6 mg/L in both cases.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.20870/oeno-one.2023.57.2.7178

Taxonomic contribution to the knowledge of Galumnidae (Acari, Oribatida, Galumnidae) from Cuba

Sergey G. Ermilov Jenő Kontschán Vasiliy B. Kolesnikov Pavel B. Klimov

Publication Name: Zootaxa

Publication Date: 2023-03-30

Volume: 5258

Issue: 1

Page Range: 465-474

Description:

The present study is based on galumnid mites (Oribatida, Galumnidae) collected from leaf litter of two mixed forests in Cuba; six species from three genera are identified. Three new species - Pergalumna (Pergalumna) cienfuegosensis sp. nov., P. (P.) foveolatostriata sp. nov. and Galumna (G.) gigantea sp. nov. - are described. Allogalumna brevisetosa (Bayartogtokh & Weigmann, 2005) is recorded in the Neotropical region for the first time; P. (P.) obvia (Berlese, 1914) is recorded in Cuba for the first time.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5258.4.7

Challenges in the CSR–Competitiveness Relationship Based on the Literature

Adrienn Reisinger

Publication Name: Financial and Economic Review

Publication Date: 2023-03-29

Volume: 22

Issue: 1

Page Range: 104-125

Description:

The paper examines why there is no consistent answer in either the domestic or the international literature on the relationship between corporate social responsibility and competitiveness and the reasons behind this. The topic has been present in the international literature since the 1970s and has come to the fore in Hungary in the last 15 years. There are many different answers concerning the type of relationship between the two concepts, for a variety of reasons. Drawing on previous research, the paper presents a uniform system, details the causes identified and provides a theoretical framework for empirical research to ensure a complex approach and interpretation.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.33893/FER.22.1.104

A large sample cross-sectional study on mental health challenges among adolescents and young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic at-risk group for loneliness and hopelessness during the COVID-19 pandemic

Ferenc Ihász Johanna Takács Zsolt Bálint Katona

Publication Name: Journal of Affective Disorders

Publication Date: 2023-03-15

Volume: 325

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 770-777

Description:

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges for societies. Emerging data have indicated that the younger population are the most vulnerable group to the development of mental health problems during this pandemic. The present study aimed to examine the effects of the changes in health behaviors on mental health problems to identify an at-risk group among adolescents and young adults. Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, secondary school students (N = 2556) ages 15–21 years participated in Hungary. A self-report questionnaire was developed to measure the changes in health behaviors. Mental health problems were measured by the Beck Hopelessness Scale and the 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scale. Results: A significant proportion of the students showed moderate/severe hopelessness or high loneliness which were more pronounced among adolescent females. An at-risk group was identified among adolescents and young adults. Students who have a lower number of friends, spend less time in front of a screen, and feel lonely often/very often are more likely to have moderate/severe hopelessness with high loneliness. Limitations: All data were collected online, and students completed the questionnaires voluntarily. Cross-sectional, non-preregistered study. Conclusions: Loneliness and hopelessness were prevalent in the young population during the COVID-19 pandemic. The at-risk group of adolescents characterized by moderate/severe hopelessness with high loneliness highlights the need for follow-up mental health to avoid future poor mental and physical health. It is also recommended to develop effective interventions targeted to gender and age, with the promotion of resiliencies and buffers against vulnerabilities of negative life events.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.067