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Found 6327 publications

On Applying Expert Knowledge for Spline-Based Segmentation of Liver on Computed Tomography Images

Melinda Kovacs Patrik Gabor Rozsa Szilvia Nagy

Publication Name: 2023 58th International Scientific Conference on Information Communication and Energy Systems and Technologies Icest 2023 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 21-24

Description:

The segmentation of the liver from the surrounding soft tissues between the ribs on a non-enhanced, arterial or delayed phase computed tomography image complicated, as the muscle and many other soft tissues have very similar X-ray attenuation to the liver, thus they manifest as similar intensity and similar pattern domains on the computed tomography images. However, if the anatomical setup of the human body and the location of the bones, that have much higher attenuation are taken into account, a sufficiently smooth and precise borderline can be drawn between the ribcage and the liver, that can be developed into a liver contour by successive erosion and active contour methods.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/ICEST58410.2023.10187395

Key Factors of Sustainability-Oriented Innovation on Competitiveness of SMEs: A Review

Tibor Dőry

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 31-36

Description:

Innovative solutions can promote sustainability and competitiveness by creating new products and services that are environmentally friendly while meeting customer needs. Sustainability-oriented innovation includes the integration of ecological and social aspects into products, processes, and organizational structures to avoid or reduce the environmental load and achieve greater benefits in the community. These types of innovations make intentional changes to a company’s products, services, or processes to generate long-term social and environmental benefits while creating economic profits for the firm. There are only a few literature review articles that investigate the link between sustainability-oriented innovations and firm competitiveness. Therefore, this systemic literature article aims to fill this research gap and present the results of a systematic literature review that focuses on the key factors affecting the sustainability innovation and competitiveness relationship. The results might trigger further research on the topic by digging deeper into the subject with case studies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107006

Control Algorithm Development of Electrical Drives by Using Finite Element Model in Connected MATLAB/Simulink and JMAG Framework

György Istenes Krisztian Horvath

Publication Name: 2023 18th Conference on Electrical Machines Drives and Power Systems Elma 2023 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This study presents a control algorithm development framework for electrical drives. In the proposed framework, MATLAB/Simulink and JMAG software are connected. Hence, the control algorithms under development can be investigated by simulations using a finite element process model. It provides a more accurate electromagnetic description than the lumped parameter type models. Therefore, the anisotropies of the machines can be considered during the development process of control algorithms. To demonstrate the application of the proposed framework, a simulation study on a controlled induction machine drive is presented.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/ELMA58392.2023.10202412

Data-Driven Onboard Inter-Turn Short Circuit Fault Diagnosis for Electric Vehicles by Using Real-Time Simulation Environment

Adrienn Dineva Adam Zsuga

Publication Name: IEEE Access

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 11

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 145447-145466

Description:

Various fault detection methods, particularly focused on onboard Condition-Based Monitoring (CBM) in Electrical Machines and Drives (EMDs), face limitations such as sensitivity to load variations, slow fault detection, and the absence of fully automated solutions. AI and Data-Driven methods offer flexible alternatives, utilizing historical data for pattern and anomaly identification. Among Electrical Signature Analysis techniques for electrical motor diagnostics, the Space Vector Theory (SVT) is extensively used, while Park's Vector based diagnostic solutions lack real-time Inter-Turn Short Circuit (ITSC) fault severity assessment, with available techniques often limited to binary classifiers. Implementing AI with SVT for real-time Electric Vehicle (EV) use is underdeveloped, hindered by data scarcity and diverse dataset collection challenges. Real-time simulation, accurate fault modeling, and hardware limitations pose challenges, especially for embedding AI models into processors. To achieve intelligent onboard diagnosis for ITSC fault severity in this paper, a multi-modal approach model is proposed, employing MobileNetV2 to classify Park's Vector trajectories based on the fault features related to the number of shorted turns. Performance assessments encompass both the standard MobileNetV2 and the proposed multi-modal approach model across various fault severity levels. Furthermore, to address the challenge of limited data availability, an accelerated real-time AI development environment is designed using an FPGA to generate synthetic fault pattern datasets, aligning with the standards of the Electric Vehicle industry. For modeling PMSM with ITSC faults, a fault circuit model is employed. The dataset of 900 Park's Vector trajectory images is automatically generated by varying the torque request from 10 to 100 Nm with a 10 Nm resolution. At each torque operating point, the motor currents are recorded by adjusting the number of shorted turns. Simulation results confirm the outstanding performance of MobileNetV2 in binary classification, achieving an accuracy of 99.26 %. In case of 5-class ITSC fault severity classification, the prediction accuracy reaches only 72.55 %. The here proposed multi-modal MobileNetV2 model excels, achieving a remarkable accuracy of 99.163 % in the 3-class fault severity classification and 84.907 % in the 5-class classification. These results support the superiority of the proposed multi-modal MobileNetV2 model, which is trained on the generated rich dataset. It outperforms existing Park's Vector Analysis based ITSC fault detection methods, particularly in early ITSC fault detection as it can detect faults from 6 shorted turns. Additionally, it allows for online fault severity assessment during transient operation and meets stringent requirements for onboard applications. Altogether, the results of investigations prove the presence and extractability of fine detail information in Park's Vector trajectories, for assessing ITSC fault severity. This contributes to a deeper understanding and analysis of faults in electrical motors through the use of Park's Vector trajectories.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3344483

Bi-directional Evolutionary, Reliability-based, Geometrically Nonlinear, Elasto-Plastic Topology Optimization, of 3D Structures

Szabolcs Fischer Majid Movahedi Rad Muayad Habashneh

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 20

Issue: 1

Page Range: 169-186

Description:

An extension of bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization, by considering three-dimensional geometrically nonlinear reliability-based elasto-plastic topology optimization, is presented in this study. Due to the important role of the existence of uncertainties to make structural design more practical, this study considers the reliability-based design. Thus, for probabilistic purposes, volume fraction is considered random. The reason of considering the volume fraction as random variable that the application of reliability-based topology optimization shows different topological results comparing to those which are obtained through deterministic designs. By adopting Monte-Carlo technique, the reliability indices are calculated based on the failure probabilities. Different values of volume fractions are considered to explore the effect of changing it on the resultant topologies in case of deterministic design. Furthermore, study the influence of considering different values of reliability indices on the results of probabilistic designs. The plastic-limit analysis is considered in this study in case of elasto-plastic models. A 3D elasto-plastic L-shape beam is considered as a benchmark problem to demonstrate the proficiency of the proposed method. In addition, 3D cantilever beam is considered for deterministic and probabilistic topology optimization designs in cases of elastic and elasto-plastic materials.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.20.1.2023.20.12

Sustainability in Public Finances Concerning Transfer Pricing in the EU

András Lapsánszky Gábor Hulkó János Kálmán

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 523-528

Description:

Ensuring the sustainability of public finances is a crucial concern for the European Union, particularly in the context of transfer pricing, which is focused on tax base erosion and profit shifting. Transfer pricing, involving the internal transfer of goods, services, or intellectual property between related entities, can significantly impact member states' tax revenues and overall economic stability. Base erosion and profit shifting is a term used to describe tax planning strategies that multinational companies use to exploit gaps and mismatches in tax rules to artificially shift profits to low or no-tax jurisdictions, thereby reducing their overall tax liability. The scope of this study examines these two topics, mainly by using jurisprudential methods and analysis of scientific sources, as well as to research the effect of tax-based erosion and inequality among state jurisdictions. The assessment and analysis of the problems in these areas have been going on for years, and in essence, the neuralgic points are clear in terms of problem definition. Nevertheless, appropriate normative solutions have either not been developed to a full extent or are being implemented slowly. Considering the lengthy process of adopting normative rules, the main aim of this study is to make suggestions for the field of law enforcement and organs of public administration that could lead to changes in the areas of transfer-pricing, base erosion, and profit shifting. In conclusion, three key areas of action are proposed. Firstly, the promotion and everyday implementation of digital taxation contribute to the efficient exchange of data. Secondly, much closer cooperation between tax authorities on this basis can be strengthened at the Member State level in practical administration. Thirdly, the more effective safeguarding of the single market by national administrations.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107088

Evaluation of Bone Conduction and Active-Noise-Cancellation Headsets Based on Listening Tests in a Virtual Environment

Gyorgy Wersenyi

Publication Name: Infocommunications Journal

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 3

Page Range: 54-62

Description:

Alternative design headsets incorporating activenoise-cancellation or bone conduction were evaluated in listening tests in a virtual reality environment. Virtual sound sources in the horizontal plane had to be identified using stereo panning in the frontal hemisphere. In addition, transfer characteristics and damping effects were measured with a dummy-head. Results indicate that up to five source locations can be used in real applications with high accuracy in virtual scenarios, independent of the spectral content of the excitation signals. Furthermore, the use of noise cancellation in presence of 80 dB background noise does not improve performance. Commercially available bone conduction headsets can provide the same detection accuracy even if the subjective sound quality is lower.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.36244/ICJ.2023.3.6

Structural Optimization of a Steel Truss for Sustainability in Parametric Environment – a Case Study

János Szép Kitti Karolyfi G. Hajdú Kira Rodaeva

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 13-18

Description:

Although designing a structure is an iterative process by nature, a very limited number of iterations can be done with the traditional methods to reach the near-optimal solution. However, with the development of information technologies, the usage of parametric design in the construction industry has expanded. This paper aims to show the potential benefits of implementing parametric design and optimization techniques in the early structural design process. For this purpose, a simple parametric model of a steel frame with a truss roof system was created and then optimized for minimum mass and a given floor area. The case study demonstrated that the application of parametric design can reduce the Global Warming Potential of the structure by 7.6 % by optimizing the geometry and the cross-sections, leading to a more sustainable solution.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107003

The Assessment of Economic Performance in the Sustainability Reports of Financial Institutions

Katatlin Vargáné Kiss

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 511-516

Description:

Sustainability reporting has gained worldwide importance for corporations over the past decade. This required the development of frameworks and standards for consistent disclosure. Non-financial or triple-bottom-line reporting reveals how firms, in general, incorporate SDGs in their reports and in what way they are assessed in terms of importance. While earlier sustainability issues were an integral part of the CSR activities published in the annual reports, these days, they are issued as separate reports due to the increased attention of stakeholders. Regarding financial institutions, the focus has gradually shifted from profitability issues to responsible investment and sustainable finance. Based on the content analysis of the most recent sustainability reports of the largest commercial banks in Hungary, including also the subsidiaries of foreign parent banks, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of their economic impacts. Comparing the reports based on qualitative content analysis, the paper attempts to illustrate to what extent they comply with the GRI standards, what material topics are given priority in their reporting, and which sustainable development goals (SDGs) enjoy preference. The results obtained underpin the fact that, as opposed to sectors other than finance, sustainability endeavours related to economic growth are at the forefront compared to social and environmental issues.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107086