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A new planning instrument for urban development in Hungary: The modern cities program

Dávid Fekete

Publication Name: Regional Science Policy and Practice

Publication Date: 2022-08-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 4

Page Range: 740-758

Description:

Urban development has gained increasing momentum in governmental development policies of the past few decades throughout the Central and Eastern European region. Analyzing a new instrument of Hungarian spatial policy (Modern Cities Program), the paper shows a new initiative of a Central and Eastern European country in the field of urban development. The analysis shows the role of the program in European and domestic regional development policy, its impact on financing infrastructural developments in Hungarian urban areas, and the structure of the projects of the Modern Cities Program. Due to its sizable budget and philosophy, the Modern Cities Program is clearly unrivaled by development programs of the past century of Hungarian regional development. The program with its philosophical grounding in the still not defunct French étatist, dirigiste tradition typical of the 1960s shows a number of similarities to the latter in terms of its applied tools and methods, such as the system of planning contracts, centralized financing, and decision-making. Conversely, there is no evidence to support the interpretation of the program as a novel urban development regime, as underlined by the absence of widespread social involvement in the conceptualization of development objectives. Economic development is at the forefront of the program, with industrial and economic development-related measures affecting each participating city.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12422

Design and implementation of a software tester for benchmarking stateful NATxy gateways: Theory and practice of extending siitperf for stateful tests

Gábor Lencse

Publication Name: Computer Communications

Publication Date: 2022-08-01

Volume: 192

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 75-88

Description:

Our siitperf is the world's first RFC 8219 compliant free software SIIT (Stateless IP/ICMP Translation, also called stateless NAT64) benchmarking tool. It was written in C++ using DPDK (Intel Data Plane Development Kit). Our current effort aims to design and implement a test program for stateful NATxy gateways, including both stateful NAT64 and stateful NAT44 (also called NAPT: Network Address and Port Translation). Due to the object-oriented design of siitperf, it is feasible to extend it for stateful tests, while keeping its original design and features. In this paper, we introduce the problem of benchmarking stateful NATxy gateways and propose various solutions. We disclose the design and the most important implementation decisions of the stateful extension of siitperf. We prove the viability of our design and implementation by a functional NAT64 test and performing the maximum connection establishment rate, throughput, and frame loss rate measurements of the Jool stateful NAT64 implementation. We also carry out an initial performance estimation of the stateful extension of siitperf. Our tester is distributed as free software under the GPLv3 license for the benefit of the research, benchmarking and networking communities.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.comcom.2022.05.028

On the accuracy of general method adapted in EN 1993-1-1

Gábor Hajdú Ferenc Papp

Publication Name: Journal of Constructional Steel Research

Publication Date: 2022-08-01

Volume: 195

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

In this paper, a safety assessment of the General Method (GM) in Eurocode 1993–1-1:2005 is carried out. The GM covers the stability verification of steel structures subjected to compression and/or bending even in cases where the structures have irregular shape, complex load and support conditions. Several research papers dealt with the accuracy of the GM, but within the method, all of them used the Ayrton–Perry formula type standard reduction factors calibrated for the fundamental (flexural and lateral-torsional) buckling modes. These studies compared the results of the GM to the results of the geometrically and materially nonlinear analysis with imperfections (GMNIA) applying characteristic numerical models. In this paper, firstly the exact imperfection factors of fundamental buckling modes are calculated with GMNIA, after that these factors are used within the GM. This way the effect of the inaccuracy of the standard calibrations is excluded, and the real accuracy of the GM will be reflected in the results. This study covers the fundamental case of coupled flexural and lateral-torsional buckling modes in case of hot-rolled IPE and H-type cross-sections.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcsr.2022.107354

The Nonsmooth Dynamics of Combined Slip and Spin Motion Under Dry Friction

Mate Antali Peter L. Varkonyi

Publication Name: Journal of Nonlinear Science

Publication Date: 2022-08-01

Volume: 32

Issue: 4

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

We investigate the motion of rigid bodies subject to combined slipping and spinning over a rough flat surface in the presence of dry friction. Integration of Coulomb friction forces over the contact area gives rise to a dynamical system with an isolated discontinuity of codimension 3. Recent results about such vector fields are applied to the motion of flat bodies under the assumption of known, time-independent distributions of normal contact forces and to general bodies where kinematic constraints enforce a state-dependent normal contact force distribution with a discontinuity at the sticking state. In both cases, the equations of motion are transformed into a smooth slow–fast dynamical system. The fixed points of the fast flow indicate the possible directions of combined slip–spin motion immediately before a body stops. We also introduce an approximation of the frictional forces and moments by the leading-order term of a spherical harmonic expansion, which allows for an explicit formulation of the equations of motion. The approximate model captures important empirically observed features of the motion. It is proven analytically and illustrated by examples that the number of fixed points in the approximate model is 2, 4, or 6.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/s00332-022-09812-x

Balanced diet and daily calorie consumption: Consumer attitude during the COVID-19 pandemic from an emerging economy

Laszlo Vasa Ashutosh Kolte Yogesh Mahajan

Publication Name: Plos One

Publication Date: 2022-08-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 8 August

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This article tries to explore consumer attitudes regarding a balanced diet and daily calorie intake monitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic in India. It has become vital to boost people’s immunity because of reoccurring diseases such as COVID-19, Ebola, and other chronic diseases such as diabetes, thyroid disease, etc. Healthy diets are important for supporting immune systems and keeping track of daily calorie consumption is an accompaniment to this. The research on attitudes toward a balanced diet is reviewed in this empirical study. Researchers employed a tri-component attitude model to assess consumer attitudes about a balanced diet and to track daily calorie consumption. A sample of 400 respondents was surveyed and data were collected with a structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using the structural equation modelling technique. The majority of respondents were found to lack declarative knowledge of both a balanced diet and daily calorie consumption. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on consumer attitudes about a healthy diet and daily calorie intake were effectively evaluated using beliefs, affection, and intentions. The repercussions for the government and business community were discussed. This study also evaluates the usefulness of the tri-component attitude model in the Indian context.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270843

Population genetic features of calving interval of the Limousin beef cattle breed in Hungary

Szabolcs Bene Eszter Szabó Márton Szűcs Judit Márton Ferenc Szabó Péter J. Polgár

Publication Name: Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

Publication Date: 2022-07-06

Volume: 70

Issue: 2

Page Range: 113-120

Description:

Variance, covariance components, heritability, breeding values (BV) and genetic trends in calving interval (CI) of the Limousin population in Hungary were evaluated. A total of 3,008 CI data of 779 cows from three herds in 1996-2016 were processed. For influencing effects GLM method, for population genetic parameters and BV estimation BLUP animal model, for trend analyses linear regression was applied. The average CI obtained was 378.8 ± 3.1 days. The variance distribution components of the phenotype were as follow: age of cow at calving 34.30%, season of calving 26.09%, year of calving 23.00%, sire 7.45%, herd 3.23%, sex of calf 0.33% and type of calving 0.30%. The heritability of CI proved to be low (h2 d = 0.04 ± 0.02 and 0.03 ± 0.02; h2 m = 0.01 ± 0.02). The repeatability was low (R = 0.03 ± 0.02). Based on the phenotypic trend calculation, the CI of cows decreased by an average of 0.60 days per year (R 2 = 0.19; P < 0.05). In case of genetic trend calculation, the average BV of sires in CI increased 0.07 and 0.17 days per year (R 2 = 0.23 and 0.27; P < 0.05).

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/004.2022.00008

Software-in-the-loop simulation of the forerunner UAV system

Antal Hiba Ádám Kisari Mihály Nagy Istvan Drotar Erno Simonyi Péter Bauer Gergely Istvan Kuna

Publication Name: IFAC Papersonline

Publication Date: 2022-07-01

Volume: 55

Issue: 14

Page Range: 139-144

Description:

The forerunner UAV means a camera equipped drone flying in front of the advancing first responder units to increase driver situational awareness with an aerial view of the traffic situation and notification about imminent dangers. This article presents the software-in-the-loop (SIL) simulation of the concept including UNREAL4-Carla as the virtual reality environment with a firetruck driven through a game controller, the Matlab simulation of the DJI M600 forerunner hexacopter with UDP communication between firetruck and M600 and the real-time AI processing of synthetic images to detect ground vehicles and pedestrians. The target of SIL development is threefold. First, to test M600 autopilot and Al-based object detection in close to realistic conditions before the real flights. Second, to make an exhaustive feasibility study of the whole forerunner concept with several simulated situations. Third, to generate the required large amount of image data for AI object detection tuning. After introducing all parts of the SIL simulation the article presents an illustrative example evaluating the tracking of the ground vehicle with the M600 and the inference system results.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.07.596

The Effect of Forklift Type, Pallet Design, Entry Speed, and Top Load on the Horizontal Shock Impacts Exerted during the Interactions between Pallet and Forklift

Laszlo Horvath Péter Böröcz Jorge Masis

Publication Name: Applied Sciences Switzerland

Publication Date: 2022-07-01

Volume: 12

Issue: 14

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Forklift handling of palletized loads produces shock impacts that cause significant damage, affecting the durability and life cycle of pallets and unit loads. Laboratory testing processes using an incline impact tester have been developed to assess the resistance of pallets and unit loads to shock impact damage. A key element of the pallet durability test using the incline impact tester is the intensity of the impact. However, there is a lack of information on the intensity of the shock impacts during forklift handling. The objective of this research was to investigate the effects of forklift type, pallet design, entry speed, and top load on the horizontal shock responses measured during the interactions between pallets and forklifts. Two data loggers, SAVER 3X90 and 3D15, were used to measure the horizontal shock impacts experienced during the same event on both the pallet and the forklift. The results showed that the average peak acceleration of the forklift was 2.98 G; the same event resulted in a 4.4 times greater peak acceleration in the pallet. The average duration of these impacts was 10–12 ms. Pallet design and entry speed had the greatest effect on the response measured for the forklift, while the pallet was most heavily influenced by entry speed and forklift type. The paper mainly focused on measuring the severity of the impacts and did not attempt to correlate the measured impacts to damage experienced by unit loads.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/app12147035

Optimal Design of Wood/Rice Husk-waste-Filled PLA Biocomposites Using Integrated CRITIC–MABAC-Based Decision-Making Algorithm

Amit Aherwar László Lendvai Punyasloka Pattnaik Lalit Ranakoti Tej Singh Gabor Dogossy

Publication Name: Polymers

Publication Date: 2022-07-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 13

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Based on the criteria importance through inter-criteria correlation (CRITIC) and the multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC), a decision-making algorithm was developed to select the optimal biocomposite material according to several conflicting attributes. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-based binary biocomposites containing wood waste and ternary biocompos-ites containing wood waste/rice husk with an overall additive content of 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 wt.% were manufactured and evaluated for physicomechanical and wear properties. For the algorithm, the following performance attributes were considered through testing: the evaluated physical (density, water absorption), mechanical (tensile, flexural, compressive and impact) and sliding wear proper-ties. The water absorption and strength properties were found to be the highest for unfilled PLA, while modulus performance remained the highest for 10 wt.% rice husk/wood-waste-added PLA biocomposites. The density of PLA biocomposites increased as rice husk increased, while it decreased as wood waste increased. The lowest and highest density values were recorded for 10 wt.% wood waste and rice husk/wood-waste-containing PLA biocomposites, respectively. The lowest wear was exhibited by the 5 wt.% rice husk/wood-waste-loaded PLA biocomposite. The experimental results were composition dependent and devoid of any discernible trend. Consequently, prioritizing the performance of PLA biocomposites to choose the best one among a collection of alternatives became challenging. Therefore, a decision-making algorithm, called CRITIC–MABAC, was used to select the optimal composition. The importance of attributes was determined by assigning weight using the CRITIC method, while the MABAC method was employed to assess the complete ranking of the biocomposites. The results achieved from the hybrid CRITIC–MABAC approach demonstrated that the 7.5 wt.% wood-waste-added PLA biocomposite exhibited the optimal physicomechanical and wear properties.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/polym14132603