Search in Publications
Found 6342 publications
The potential of the P-graph for optimizing public service processes
Publication Name: Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy
Publication Date: 2025-12-01
Volume: 27
Issue: 12
Page Range: 8461-8473
Description:
The European Union set out several directives and standards for governments and local authorities on environmental policy issues in the planning and management of public services. Public service provisioning is subject to both traditional expectations (such as customer-friendliness and efficiency) and new environmental stewardship and sustainability expectations. This paper analyzes public service processes, particularly the university enrolment process. Our analysis used public service models (Service Blueprinting, Business Process Modeling, Process Chain Network) and a mathematical model (P-graph). Our research aims to analyze the university enrolment process and its efficiency, considering sustainability aspects and expectations and identifying the points that can be modified and improved to make it more efficient, sustainable, qualitatively positive, and economical. According to our research, school administrators are overburdened during the enrolment process, often resulting in overtime work and a high turnover ratio. Our results clearly show the high inefficiency of this administrative process, as administrators can only partially meet their expected labor targets during their regular working hours. We found that the university enrolment process can be improved and made more efficient and sustainable. Using the P-graph, we have found the process’s optimal path and resource requirements in a way that was not feasible with previous models. Heartened by these results, we propose introducing and applying the P-graph as a new model to study other public service processes.
Open Access: Yes
An Analytically Derived Gauss–Legendre Quadrature for Axis-Aligned Ellipse–Ellipse Intersection
Publication Name: Mathematics
Publication Date: 2025-12-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 23
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Accurate and efficient evaluation of the intersection area between two axis-aligned ellipses is essential in applications where the coordinate system or underlying geometry naturally imposes alignment. However, most existing numerical integration techniques are designed for arbitrarily oriented ellipses, and their generality typically requires adaptive refinement or solving higher-degree algebraic intersection formulations, leading to greater computational cost than necessary in the axis-aligned case. This study introduces two analytically derived, fixed-cost Gauss–Legendre quadrature formulations for computing the intersection area in the axis-aligned configuration. The first is a sine-mapped Gauss–Legendre quadrature, which applies a trigonometric transformation to improve conditioning near endpoint singularities while retaining constant-time evaluation. The second is an enhanced two-panel affine-normalized formulation, which splits the intersection domain into two sub-intervals to increase local accuracy while maintaining a fixed computational cost. Both methods are benchmarked against adaptive Simpson integration, polygonal discretization, and Monte Carlo sampling over 10,000 randomly generated ellipse pairs. The two-panel formulation achieves a mean relative error of 0.003% with runtimes more than twenty times faster than the adaptive reference and remains consistently more efficient than the polygonal and Monte Carlo approaches while exhibiting comparable or superior numerical behavior across all tested regimes.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/math13233814
Digital Twin Approaches for Gear NVH Optimization: A Literature Review of Modeling, Data Integration, and Validation Gaps
Publication Name: Machines
Publication Date: 2025-12-01
Volume: 13
Issue: 12
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Quiet drivetrains have become a central requirement in modern electric vehicles, where the absence of engine masking makes even subtle gear tones clearly audible. As a result, manufacturers are looking for more reliable ways to understand how design choices, manufacturing variability, and operating conditions shape gear noise and vibration. Digital Twin (DT) approaches—linking high-fidelity models with measured data throughout the product lifecycle—offer a potential route to achieve this, but their use in gear NVH is still emerging. This review examines recent work from the past decade on DT concepts applied to gears and drivetrain NVH, drawing together advances in simulation, metrology, sensing, and data exchange standards. The survey shows that several building blocks of an NVH-oriented twin already exist, yet they are rarely combined into an end-to-end workflow. Clear gaps remain. Current models still struggle with high-frequency behavior. Real-time operation is also limited. Manufacturing and test data are often disconnected from simulations. Validation practices lack consistent NVH metrics. Hybrid and surrogate modeling methods are used only to a limited extent. The sustainability benefits of reducing prototypes are rarely quantified. These gaps define the research directions needed to make DTs a practical tool for future gear NVH development. A research Gap Map is presented, categorizing these gaps and their impact. For each gap, we propose actionable future directions—from multiscale “hybrid twins” that merge test data with simulations, to benchmark datasets and standards for DT NVH validation. Closing these gaps will enable more reliable gear DTs that reduce development costs, improve acoustic quality, and support sustainable, data-driven NVH optimization.
Open Access: Yes
A novel numerical investigation of fiber Bragg gratings with dispersive reflectivity having polynomial law of nonlinearity
Publication Name: Scientific Reports
Publication Date: 2025-12-01
Volume: 15
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Fiber Bragg gratings represent a pivotal advancement in the field of photonics and optical fiber technology. The numerical modeling of fiber Bragg gratings is essential for understanding their optical behavior and optimizing their performance for specific applications. In this paper, numerical solutions for the revered optical fiber Bragg gratings that are considered with a cubic-quintic-septic form of nonlinear medium are constructed first time by using an iterative technique named as residual power series technique (RPST) via conformable derivative. The competency of the technique is examined by several numerical examples. By considering the suitable values of parameters, the power series solutions are illustrated by sketching 2D, 3D, and contour profiles. The results obtained by employing the RPST are compared with exact solutions to reveal that the method is easy to implement, straightforward and convenient to handle a wide range of fractional order systems in fiber Bragg gratings. The obtained solutions can provide help to visualize how light propagates or deforms due to dispersion or nonlinearity.
Open Access: Yes
Application of whey protein-based edible coatings containing lemon peel powder and extract to maintain the antioxidant properties of table grapes during ambient storage
Publication Name: Food and Humanity
Publication Date: 2025-12-01
Volume: 5
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Table grapes are among the most widely consumed fruits worldwide; however, their shelf life is limited by water loss, microbial spoilage, and degradation of antioxidants. This study examined the effects of whey protein-based edible coatings enriched with 1 % lemon peel powder (LP1), 2 % lemon peel powder (LP2), 1 % lemon peel extract (LE1), or 2 % lemon peel extract (LE2) on the quality of Red Globe table grapes during 14-day ambient storage. The highest weight loss (33.2 %) occurred in uncoated samples, while LP1 had the lowest (20.4 %), indicating improved moisture retention. The initial pH of uncoated table grapes (3.63) increased to 4.23 by the end of storage. All coatings slowed this increase, resulting in final pH values ranging from 4.03 to 4.10. Regarding antioxidant-related parameters, LP1 showed higher total polyphenol content (TPC), ascorbic acid content, antioxidant activity (DPPH assay), and total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA) by 43.7 %, 25.0 %, 24.1 %, and 10.1 %, respectively, compared to uncoated samples. Among extract-enriched coatings, only LE1 maintained significantly higher antioxidant activity (75.8 %), while TPC and ascorbic acid levels were comparable to those of the uncoated samples. TMA content in LE-treated table grapes (23.6–22.5 mg CGE/100 g) was lower than in uncoated samples (26.7 mg CGE/100 g). Multivariate analyses (PCA, HCA) revealed distinct clustering between coated and uncoated samples, with LP1 showing the most pronounced separation. These results indicate that LP1 treatment may help reduce weight loss and support antioxidant stability, offering a potentially sustainable postharvest strategy for table grapes.
Open Access: Yes
Structural behavior of built-up I-shaped cold-formed steel beams with edge-stiffened holes, unstiffened holes, plain webs, and batten reinforcement
Publication Name: Results in Engineering
Publication Date: 2025-12-01
Volume: 28
Issue: Unknown
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Perforated cold-formed steel (PCFS) back-to-back channel beams are increasingly gaining popularity in the building sector due to their numerous advantages and economic benefits. Notably, their lightweight nature allows for easier handling and installation, while the holes in PCFS beams facilitate the accommodation of utilities such as electrical and plumbing installations. In this study, a geometrically and materially nonlinear finite element model (FEM) was developed and validated using experimental data from existing literature. The validation results indicated a strong correlation, with the ratios of FEM and Direct Strength Method (DSM) predictions to experimental outcomes being 1.007 and 0.945, respectively. This demonstrates a significant agreement among experimental data, FEM analysis, and moment capacity estimations based on American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Standards, although AISI predictions were found to underestimate moment capacities by approximately 5.5 %. Following model validation, an extensive parametric study involving 192 FEM simulations was conducted to evaluate the influence of hole size, hole geometry, edge stiffeners, and batten reinforcements on the moment-carrying capacity of built-up I-shaped CFS beams. The findings indicate that, in comparison with beams having plain webs, the presence of web openings leads to a reduction in moment capacity of approximately 10 %, 9 %, 9 %, and 6 % for circular, slotted, square, and rectangular holes, respectively. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the inclusion of stiffeners around web openings, together with batten reinforcement, markedly improves the structural performance of PCFS built-up beams. In particular, the maximum enhancement in moment capacity of beams with batten reinforcement and edge-stiffened holes, relative to those with unstiffened holes, is about 9 %, 10 %, 13 %, and 14 % for circular, rectangular, square, and slotted holes, respectively. Overall, the findings offer valuable insights into the structural behavior of perforated built-up CFS beams and emphasize the effectiveness of web hole stiffening and batten reinforcement strategies in mitigating strength reductions caused by web perforations.
Open Access: Yes
Evaluating the Impact of Aggregation Operators on Fuzzy Signatures for Robot Path Planning
Publication Name: Sensors
Publication Date: 2025-12-01
Volume: 25
Issue: 23
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This study investigates the impact of different aggregation operators (commonly referred to as fuzzy operators) on the application of fuzzy signatures. Fuzzy signatures are specialized multidimensional data structures that symbolically represent data. As a use case, the study focuses on robot environment representation and path planning, presenting the results obtained by applying various aggregation operators including (Formula presented.), (Formula presented.), (Formula presented.) (Formula presented.) and (Formula presented.) (Formula presented.) on the normalized values obtained from the robot sensors. The comparison highlights their effects on the computational load and path lengths of the path planning task. The findings reveal that the most efficient aggregation operator, in terms of computational load and the path length, is the (Formula presented.) (Formula presented.) aggregation operator. Specifically, the (Formula presented.) (Formula presented.) consistently yielded the shortest paths (as low as 22 nodes) and the lowest execution times (down to 0.0913 s), demonstrating superior efficiency compared to the (Formula presented.) operator, which resulted in path lengths up to 34 nodes and execution times reaching 0.1923 s. This represents an improvement of up to 35.3% reduction in path length and 52.5% reduction in execution time when comparing the (Formula presented.) (Formula presented.) to the (Formula presented.) operator based on observed extreme values. Furthermore, this work provides the first empirical comparison of fuzzy aggregation operators specifically for fuzzy signature-based mobile robot path planning.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/s25237342
A Disordered Eating Screen For Athletes magyar változata (DESA-6H) konvergens validitásának vizsgálata – Egy pilot study eredményei [Convergent validity of the Hungarian version of the Disordered Eating Screen For Athletes (DESA-6H) – Results of a pilot study]
Publication Name: Mentalhigiene Es Pszichoszomatika
Publication Date: 2025-12-01
Volume: 26
Issue: 4
Page Range: 242-243
Description:
A Disordered Eating Screen For Athletes magyar változata (DESA-6H) konvergens validitásának vizsgálata – Egy pilot study eredményei [Convergent validity of the Hungarian version of the Disordered Eating Screen For Athletes (DESA-6H) – Results of a pilot study] Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika, 26(3), 123–137. https://doi.org/10.1556/0406.2025.00074 A fenti cikk Mellékletében másolási hiba folytán két kérdés nem megfelelően jelent meg. A 136. oldalon a kérdések felsorolásánál a 2. kérdés két válaszlehetőség sorrendjét felcseréltük.
Open Access: Yes
Biological and therapeutic implications of sex hormone-related gene clustering in testicular cancer
Publication Name: Basic and Clinical Andrology
Publication Date: 2025-12-01
Volume: 35
Issue: 1
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
Background: Gonadotropin dysregulation seems to play a potential role in the carcinogenesis of testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT). The aim of this study was to explore the expression of specific genes related to sex hormone regulation, synthesis, and metabolism in TGCT and to define specific hormonal clusters. Two publicly available databases were used for this analysis (TCGA and GSE99420). By means of hard-threshold regularized KMEANS clustering, we assigned TGCT samples into four clusters defined in respect to different expression of the sex hormone-related genes. We analysed clinical data, protein and gene expression, signaling regarding hormonal clusters. Based on whole-transcriptome gene expression, prediction of anti-cancer drug response was made by RIDGE models. Results: Cluster #1 (12–16%) consisted primarily of non-seminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT), characterized by high expression of PRL, GNRH1, HSD17B2 and SRD5A1. Cluster #2 (42–50%) included predominantly seminomas with high expression of SRD5A3, being highly infiltrated by T and B cells. Cluster #3 (8.3–18%) comprised of NSGCT with high expression of CGA, CYP19A1, HSD17B12, HSD17B1, SHBG. Cluster #4 (23–30%), which consisted primarily of NSGCT with a small fraction of seminomas, was outlined by increased expression of STAR, POMC, CYP11A1, CYP17A1, HSD3B2 and HSD17B3. Elevated fibroblast levels and increased extracellular matrix- and growth factor signaling-related gene signature scores were described in cluster #1 and #3. In the combined model of progression-free survival, S2/S3 tumor marker status, hormonal cluster #1 or #3 and teratoma histology, were independently associated with 25–30% increase of progression risk. Based on the increased receptor tyrosine kinase and growth factor signaling, cluster #1, #3 and #4 were predicted to be sensitive to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, FGFR inhibitors or EGFR/ERBB inhibitors. Cluster #2 and #4 were responsive to compounds interfering with DNA synthesis, cytoskeleton, cell cycle and epigenetics. Response to apoptosis modulators was predicted only for cluster #2. Conclusions: Hormonal cluster #1 or #3 is an independent prognostic factor regarding poor progression-free survival. Hormonal cluster assignment also affects the predicted drug response with cluster-dependent susceptibility to specific novel therapeutic compounds.
Open Access: Yes
