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Publications - 6289

Fuzzy-based multi-stroke character recognizer

A. Tormási László T. Kóczy

Publication Name: 2013 Federated Conference on Computer Science and Information Systems Fedcsis 2013

Publication Date: 2013-12-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 671-674

Description:

In this paper an extension for multi-stroke character recognition of FUzzy BAsed handwritten character Recognition (FUBAR) algorithm will be presented. First the basic concept of a single-stroke version will be overviewed; in the second part of the paper the new version of the algorithm with multi-stroke symbol support will be introduced, which deploy the same algorithm overviewed in the first part and use flat and hierarchical rule bases. © 2013 Polish Information Processing Society.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available

Using Dimensionality Reduction Methods to Explore the Social, Cultural and Geographical Reasons Behind Food Waste in the European Union

A. Zseni András Horváth Gergely Zoltán Macher

Publication Name: Sustainability Switzerland

Publication Date: 2025-10-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 20

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The paper investigates disparities in food waste generation across European Union countries between 2020 and 2022, focusing on spatial and sustainability dimensions. It utilizes data for six key food waste parameters and a broad range of environmental, social and economic indicators. A combination of statistical methods, including correlation analysis, cluster analysis and Principal Component Analysis, uncovers multivariate patterns and identifies groups of countries with similar food waste characteristics and related factors. The paper highlights the temporal and spatial dynamics of food waste over the three-year period, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. While the total volume of food waste remained relatively stable across the EU, notable shifts occurred in waste sources. Household food waste peaked in 2021, likely due to increased time spent at home during pandemic-related lockdowns. Conversely, waste from retail, restaurants and food service sectors showed a consistent increase. The paper identifies non-trivial correlations between food waste and socio-economic variables, suggesting that differences in food waste generation across EU countries are influenced by a complex interplay of factors, including policy effectiveness, cultural practices, consumer behaviour and economic conditions. This comprehensive analysis of food waste patterns across EU countries and over time offers valuable insights for policymakers aiming to reduce waste and promote sustainability.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/su17209315

Environmental Impact of the Hungarian Swine Sector during the PRRS Eradication Program with Full Herd Replacement (2014–2022)

István Szabó László Búza Szabó István László Gombos Veronika Szűr-Gombos László Varga

Publication Name: Animals

Publication Date: 2024-10-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 20

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) eradication program in Hungary, implemented between 2014 and 2022, utilized complete herd replacement and the introduction of high-performance breeds to enhance production efficiency and environmental sustainability in the swine sector. As a result, the sow population was reduced by 26.2% while maintaining nearly the same number of slaughter pigs. This led to significant reductions in ammonia emissions (−145,857 kg), slurry production (−153,879 m3), nitrogen emissions (−1,409,951 kg), and overall greenhouse gas emissions (91,768,362 kg CO2eq). Additionally, the feed and water consumption were substantially decreased by 53,237,805 kg and 292,978,094 L, respectively, further lowering the sector’s environmental footprint. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of customized eradication strategies and advanced breeding practices in reducing the environmental impact of animal husbandry. These findings underscore the necessity for ongoing collaboration among scientists, policymakers, and industry stakeholders to develop and implement sustainable livestock production methods. The Hungarian experience provides valuable insights into how targeted interventions can simultaneously improve production outcomes and reduce the environmental burden in the swine industry.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/ani14202924

The Effect of Lubricant Viscosity Variation on Tooth Friction and Hence on the Energetic Behaviour of Gear Unit

József Polák

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 114

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 853-858

Description:

Earlier this year, I created a mathematical model of a gear unit that allowed me to investigate the energy performance of a vehicle gear unit over its full operating range. In the model created, the value of the tooth friction was determined during a precalculation and then entered into the model as a constant parameter. The problem with this approach is that it is not automated, so during the energy analysis or a possible optimisation of the gear unit, the tooth friction is always present in the model as a constant value, whereas in reality, the value of the tooth friction is different for different working points (wheel torque: Mw, wheel speed: nw) and different geometries. The viscosity of the selected lubricant has a significant influence on tooth friction, which varies partly due to temperature and partly due to load. In this paper, I will investigate the viscosity of the oil required by the gear unit at different operating points for proper operation and how this affects tooth friction and, hence, the gear unit energy loss. Since the studies showed that the effect of oil viscosity is not significant but not negligible, the determination of tooth friction can be incorporated into the gear unit model using a MATLAB function so that it is re-determined at each operating point and for each geometry change. With this modification, the estimation generated by the mathematical model describing the energetic behavior of the gear unit can be made more accurate.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET24114143

Optimization of masonry strength assessment procedure using fuzzy method

Vanda O. Pomezanski A. Dormány András Kaszás László T. Kóczy

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2026-04-01

Volume: 21

Issue: 1

Page Range: 1-7

Description:

The aim of this paper is to show that the fuzzy signature model based on non-destructive in-situ measurements and visual inspection can be used to obtain equally reliable results on the strength of masonry as destructive tests. The fuzzy signature model was constructed to describe a masonry based on different measurements of. The aggregations of the signature were given as weighted geometric means. Weights of the input values of the aggregations were determined by two different optimization methods: (i) an iteration procedure was chosen, which showed significant differences in the result; (ii) a genetic algorithm was used, which produced similar but more accurate approximations to the results of the destructive tests. The comparison of the two optimization results gave new conclusions that are valuable information for the further development.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2025.01309

Heat transfer enhancement in MHD flow of tri-hybrid Maxwell nanofluid with ramped wall heating: A fractional Caputo–Crank–Nicolson approach

Arshad Khan Mohsen Bakouri Wei Sin Koh Nabeel Khan Ghaliah Alhamzi Ilyas Khan Wei Sin Koh Farhad Ali

Publication Name: Results in Engineering

Publication Date: 2026-03-01

Volume: 29

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The flow and heat transfer characteristics of a tri-hybrid nanofluid in a porous medium are investigated under the influence of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and a ramped wall temperature. A Maxwell fluid is employed as the base fluid, in which three types of spherical nanoparticles, tungsten trioxide (WO₃), silver (Ag), and titanium dioxide (TiO₂), are suspended. The physical model is formulated using a system of partial differential equations subject to appropriate initial and boundary conditions. To enhance the novelty of the analysis, fractional derivatives are incorporated into the Maxwell fluid model along with porosity effects. Among the various definitions of fractional derivatives, the Caputo fractional derivative is preferred for its wide applicability in physical problems. The fractional-order derivatives are evaluated using the Caputo formulation, while the Crank–Nicolson numerical scheme is employed to discretize the time-dependent terms and solve the governing equations under ramped heating conditions. The proposed framework, which combines the Caputo fractional derivative with the Crank–Nicolson method to analyze tri-hybrid nanofluid flow, is a distinctive feature of this work. The Caputo derivative effectively captures memory-dependent behavior, allowing the model to account for the system’s dependence on its past states. This capability is particularly important for nanofluids exhibiting nonlocal and anomalous interactions, where classical integer-order models based on simple linear stress–strain relationships fail to accurately represent the complex rheological behavior. Overall, the adopted numerical approach provides improved accuracy and flexibility in modeling complex heat transfer processes, making the present study relevant to a wide range of biomedical and industrial applications.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.rineng.2026.109476

Description of three new bat-associated species of hard ticks (Acari, Ixodidae) from Japan

Ai Takano Jenő Kontschán Hiroshi Shimoda Yasuhiro Gotoh Dávid Kováts Mamoru Takahashi Vuong Tan Tu Junko Mizuno Michio Natsume Sándor Hornok Takeo Yamauchi

Publication Name: Zookeys

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 1180

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1-26

Description:

In Eurasia, the geographically most widespread ixodid tick species of the bat families Rhinolophidae Gray, Vespertilionidae Gray, and Miniopteridae Dobson were considered to belong to four species, Ixodes vespertilionis Koch, I. collaris Hornok, I. ariadnae Hor-nok, and I. simplex Neumann. Previous data attest that bat-associated tick species from Eastern Asia show remarkable genetic difference from the above four tick species, but in the absence of detailed morphological comparison these were regarded as conspe-cific. In this study we compensate for this lack of data on three bat-associated tick spe-cies, reporting their morphological comparison, as well as molecular and phylogenetic relationships. According to the results we describe the females of three tick species new to science, i.e., I. nipponrhinolophi Hornok & Takano, sp. nov., I. fuliginosus Hornok & Takano, sp. nov., and I. fujitai Hornok & Takano, sp. nov. In case of all three new tick species the cytochrome c oxidase subunit (coxI) gene showed remarkably high sequence differences from the species that they previously were thought to belong to, well exceed-ing the average limit delineating ixodid tick species. This, as well as observed morphological differences fully justify their taxonomical status as new species.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1180.108418

Sensor Bias Ambiguity in GNSS-IMU Pose Estimation and Its Solution

Péter Bauer

Publication Name: ASME Letters in Dynamic Systems and Control

Publication Date: 2025-10-01

Volume: 5

Issue: 4

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

This article deals with the topic of pose and sensor bias estimation based on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) measurements, which is a widely discussed topic but usually by omitting the rigorous check of state observability leading to the suspicion of invalid assumptions. The current work underlines this suspicion by pointing out through observability calculations that to estimate position, velocity, attitude and acceleration, and angular rate biases of a system, attitude related measurements should be included besides GNSS position and velocity data. Such measurement can be the magnetic vector. Theoretical results are underlined by tests considering real-flight GNSS and IMU data of a DJI M600 Pro multicopter and comparing the results to the onboard DJI pose estimator.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1115/1.4069343

Application analysis of time stepping methods for impact problems

B. Pere Daniel Serfozo

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2022-12-31

Volume: 17

Issue: 3

Page Range: 30-35

Description:

Dynamic contact and impact problems are widely applicable. An accurate solution method for these kinds of problems can be used in many fields of mechanical engineering (e.g., cutting metalwork, cogwheel drives, etc.). However, the proper handling of the contact is problematic, as there emerges a substantial amount of nonlinearity in the displacement field. Therefore, a spurious high frequency oscillation is present in the solution. These oscillations must be avoided, as divergence can easily occur in the contact algorithm due to them. In order to eliminate this effect, the applied numerical method must be chosen and set properly. In this study, a comprehensive guide is provided for the appropriate selection of the proper numerical method and its parameters.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2022.00599