Eva Happ
57193886710
Publications - 9
THE ROLE OF TERRITORIAL IDENTITY IN THE SUSTAINABILITY OF TOURISM IN HUNGARY
Publication Name: Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 58
Issue: 1
Page Range: 255-232
Description:
There is evidence of a strong link and close interaction between territorial identity, whether at the local level or defining a larger territorial unit, and tourism, and several aspects of this have been discussed in the literature. The National Tourism Strategy 2030 in Hungary, among its strategic objectives, pays special attention to the creation and strengthening of national identity and attachment, stating that strengthening domestic tourism contributes to the domestic population's knowledge of Hungary's values and heritage and to the experience of its national identity. Identity is an important pillar of social sustainability, but it also has a role to play in the marketing of destinations and can be investigated from the tourist's point of view as well. The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between tourism and territorial identity from different angles and to confirm the potential for synergies between the two. The novelty of the paper is that it examines territorial identity in the context of sustainable tourism development. The research analyses territorial identity in the context of social sustainability in the designation of new tourism areas and, in parallel, their contribution to sustainable development goals. By analysing and summarising the identity-forming elements of destinations, the relationship between identity, tourism, and social sustainability will be defined. The relationship between tourism and territorial identity is well-documented, with organisations responsible for marketing and branding in the sector utilising this relationship to a great extent. The relationship is employed as a distinctive, unique feature, as part of the development of a regional image and along the lines of cultural identity. The result indicates the starting position of territorial identity, identified as a key indicator of tourism competitiveness, which is changeable and constantly evolving along the dimensions of strategic and functional identity, independently of tourism. The added value of this analysis could be to show which aspects of destinations need to be developed and which areas need to be strengthened in relevance of territorial identity. The enhancement of territorial identity has been demonstrated to exert a favourable influence on tourism demand, whilst concomitantly contributing to the enhancement of the quality of life experienced by the local population. This is achieved by establishing and adhering to the fundamental principles of sustainable and responsible tourism, which is in harmony with the local community.
Open Access: Yes
DIGITALISATION IN ANGLING TOURISM: INTRODUCING NEW TECHNOLOGIES TO A TRADITIONAL TOURISM PRODUCT
Publication Name: Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites
Publication Date: 2025-01-01
Volume: 58
Issue: 1
Page Range: 42-51
Description:
In recent years, the use of digital solutions in tourism has accelerated and smart solutions are now used even in areas that are less technology-oriented, such as angling tourism. Angling itself and angling tourism seem rather traditional, definitely not tech-savvy activities, ones that can be categorised among the ecotourism or slow tourism products. It is not to say, however, that angling tourism does not evolve and is immune to the trends released in tourism. Recently there were huge changes in the regulation and organisation of angling in Hungary (and further changes are expected to come), which brought about a surge in the number of anglers in Hungary and the development of angling tourism. By now angling has become by far the hobby in Hungary done by the largest number of people; after a steady growth for decades, the number of registered anglers has by now reached almost one million persons, i.e. approximately ten per cent of the Hungarian population are anglers (and so potential target group of angling tourism), which makes the investigation of the topic of angling tourism really important – not to mention the fact that not only domestic but also inbound angling tourism is characteristic of Hungary. Among the changes, in 2019 the electronic support of angling administration was launched through the so-called HORINFO system run by MOHOSZ, the Hungarian National Angling Association. This paper summarises the changes and their consequences, explores the current digitalisation of angling tourism, its benefits, and examines the acceptance of new technologies by anglers. The results of the research show that the digitalisation and the introduction of new technologies accelerated during the Covid-19 epidemic, but their adoption by angling tourism has been slower. The study shows the importance of digitalisation in monitoring the environmental pillar of sustainability and the interventions needed. The study also provides a thorough investigation of the Hungarian and international literature of angling tourism, rather deficient to date, and gives recommendations on the further development of the HORINFO system. The significance of the issue is enhanced by the fact that Hungary now has a National Angling Development Strategy to strategically found further angling tourism developments.
Open Access: Yes
POSSIBILITIES OF CREATING CROSS-BORDER TOURIST DESTINATIONS IN EAST-CENTRAL EUROPE
Publication Name: Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 55
Issue: 3
Page Range: 1066-1075
Description:
Tourism development is one of today's popular tools for mitigating regional inequalities, thus many regions see tourism as an opportunity to break out. This is no different in the case of border regions, where development in this direction is also supported by cross-border, EU-financed or (co-)financed programs. The aim of the paper is to investigate whether there is a real possibility of connecting the areas along the national borders for tourism purposes and creating sustainable tourism in these regions. The study examines the possibility of creating cross-border tourist destinations in three pre-selected areas in the Hungarian-Croatian, Hungarian-Slovenian and North-Western Hungarian-Slovakian border regions during the last two, already closed programming periods. Results of the research show, that cooperation between border countries for real tourism purposes is still possible today, and it only really aimed at creating uniform reception areas that ignore borders in a few cases. After the implementation of the programs, cross-border destinations as sellable tourist products were not created. The study shows that, in the case of two regions, the potential is given and the initiatives aimed at creating cross-border destinations are promising.
Open Access: Yes
Digital services of tourist areas—Key to competitiveness
Publication Name: Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Development
Publication Date: 2024-01-01
Volume: 8
Issue: 6
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
In our study, we examined 11 designated tourist destinations in Hungary, which can also be interpreted as tourism products including services, infrastructure and attractions. The National Tourism Development Strategy (NTS) also puts a strong emphasis on digitalisation, as it is an unstoppable process with a significant impact on tourism, thanks to globalisation, increasing competition, accelerating information flows and the dominant paradigm shifts on the demand and supply side. We used both qualitative and quantitative methods in our primary research. First, we conducted in-depth interviews with several important tourism service providers in Hungary on the topic of the digitalisation of tourism. A professional questionnaire, addressed to the offices responsible for destination management was distributed in the designated tourist destinations in Hungary in order to get a more comprehensive picture of the attitudes towards digitalisation in the regions under study. In the course of our work, we managed to classify the destinations into three distinctly different clusters. Our hypothesis—that the higher the digitalisation of a tourist destination is, the higher the average length of stay—was partially confirmed by calculating the regional value of the digitalisation, logistic regression analysis, slope and the individual factor categories.
Open Access: Yes
A Theoretical Model for the Implementation of Social Sustainability in the Synthesis of Tourism, Disability Studies, and Special-Needs Education
Publication Name: Sustainability Switzerland
Publication Date: 2022-02-01
Volume: 14
Issue: 3
Page Range: Unknown
Description:
This paper deals with the study of disability science, special-needs education, and psychology of special needs in the context of tourism. It is rare to find a link between these research areas in the literature. Accessible tourism has attracted widespread research interest in recent decades, but the number of studies focusing on tourism in the fields of disability studies, special-needs education, and psychology of special needs is very limited. Although there is growing literature on accessible tourism and related topics, the development of the research field is uneven, as most research focuses on specific subareas without considering the context of the whole spectrum of the topic. The interdisciplinary research aims to explore the situations of people with disabilities in terms of their participation in tourism. The data collected will be used to analyse the supply and demand side of tourism from a specific perspective. Among the external environmental impacts, the issue of sustainability will be highlighted, which will be addressed from a societal perspective by analysing the sustainable development goals (SDGs) related to the topic. The study includes a theoretical analysis through the processing of secondary sources, linking the fields of tourism, disability studies, special-needs education, and psychology of special needs, with the potential of social sustainability and the achievement of the SDGs. The paper presents a new model that illustrates the potential for achieving social sustainability from the supply and demand side of tourism. The model can be valuable, not only for those who want to extend their research into this new field, but also for tourism policy makers. The study also identifies key research questions on this topic that merit theoretical and empirical exploration in the future.
Open Access: Yes
DOI: 10.3390/su14031700
EXAMINING A MENU ON THE BASIS OF THE KASAVANA - SMITH MODEL IN A HUNGARIAN RESTAURANT
Publication Name: Deturope
Publication Date: 2022-01-01
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Page Range: 111-127
Description:
Gastronomy is currently undergoing a renaissance, different gastronomic trends influence the way menus are set up. The purpose of this study is to investigate the menu of a restaurant in a Transdanubian city in terms of sold portions and margins. After an unstructured interview with the manager, the breadth and depth of the offer were investigated. Then the data were examined, based on the restaurant's menu selection, traffic and cost data with the help of time series analysis. During the processing of time series data, the analysis takes into account seasonality and compares the same terminology of the years studied. With the turnover and cost data, the Kasavana and Smith portfolio analysis method was used and based on the margin and the number of portions sold, the Menu engineering worksheet was used to create the data series for the presentation. The research provides a detailed picture of sales decisions for the period 2016-2019. The results of the examination show that reducing the selection and offering special dishes are in line with the gastronomical trends, but not necessarily with the location of the restaurant and the needs of its target audience. Using the model, seasonality was examined for the first time, which did not prove that restaurant guests were looking for seasonal food. With a well-selected menu – which is one of the most important marketing communication tools - the restaurant is able to influence guests' food choices. Proper use of colours, shapes and prices all affect the guest's subconscious mind, which is responsible for a large percentage of decisions. The character of the restaurant and its guests are usually determined by the dishes on the menu. In the case of the investigated restaurant the solution could be to tailor the prices to the target group and to strengthen the marketing communication. The restaurant — taking advantage of the large space — can be used to serve different target groups by sharing the room
Open Access: Yes
A study of digital marketing tools usage habits among Hungarian tourists
Publication Name: Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites
Publication Date: 2020-01-01
Volume: 32
Issue: 4
Page Range: 1283-1289
Description:
Digitalisation has become inevitable these days. It has been in the forefront due to innovations, the development of informat ion technology tools, internet and smartphones transforming the tourism industry, too. Digital marketing tools and methods have attracted an increasing interest among the Hungarian tourists, as well. The study focuses on the spread of these opportunities in Hungary. The paper’s aim is to investigate when and in what way Hungarian tourists participate in digital tourism. Secondary and primary research was con ducted between October 2018 and March 2019 with a sample of more than 500 respondents. The results show how Hungarian tour ists are related to the digital development in tourism. This study also explores the link between the risk of the activities and the usage of online tools. T he study advances into the literature about the importance of digitalisation in tourism. It shows specifically where service providers need to pay close attention in the marketing communication, in order to remain competitive and gain a competitive advantage.
Open Access: Yes
Impact assessment between the city and the company reputation
Publication Name: Economics and Sociology
Publication Date: 2017-01-01
Volume: 10
Issue: 1
Page Range: 279-289
Description:
Since there’s a race for customers on the market of the consumer goods, cities of the 21st century compete for the inhabitants, tourists, investors and companies. In this competition the image and good reputation of the city, their conscious framing is one of the biggest feats of arms. The economy of the dynamically developing city, Győr is based after several system changes on the automobile industry. Its main leg is the important international company with headquarter in Győr since 1993, the Audi Hungaria Zrt. (AH). As results of the research analysing the marketing communicational print and film tools of the company and the city, the author tried to figure out, how the AH and the city interact in their corporate communication, in their reputation.
Open Access: Yes
THE ROLE OF TOURISM MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN NATURE RESERVES IN HUNGARY
Publication Name: Geojournal of Tourism and Geosites
Publication Date: 2023-01-01
Volume: 49
Issue: 3
Page Range: 893-900
Description:
The aim of the research is to reveal the opinion of regional professionals involved in the management of sustainable tourism and its three pillars. Through the results of 27 in-depth interviews with decision-makers and NGOs, we have explored the perceptions of the economic, environmental and social factors, both positive and negative, and the importance of each factor. The analysis of the results clearly shows a difference of opinion between decision-makers and NGOs. The negative impacts of tourism were highlighted by respondents, mainly in terms of the impact on the natural and economic environment, however, the positive impacts were more prominent. The research showed that the impacts on social environment were perceived more positively by respondents, and NGOs did not emphasise negative impacts in this category. The study shows that the role of tourism management in nature conservation areas is necessary and important for sustainable tourism development. The research clearly demonstrates that sustainability is an important issue in tourism. The results of the research also show that decision-makers are not familiar with the concept of sustainability, its precise content and their preparation and knowledge are insufficient to make the right decisions on the subject. The research shows that there is a shortage of professionals with expertise in tourism management, which makes it difficult to implement coordinated tourism development in the area under study.
Open Access: Yes
