Muhammad Suleman

57196800921

Publications - 2

Exploring the hub gene CERS6 as a therapeutic target in type 1 diabetes through a bioinformatics and network analyst approach

Salman Alrokayan Khalid Muhammad D. U. Ozsahin Y. Waheed Muhammad Suleman Hassan Ayaz Tajamul Hussain Asia Nawaz D. U. Ozsahin

Publication Name: Scientific Reports

Publication Date: 2026-12-01

Volume: 16

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Insulin-producing β-cells are destroyed in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), a chronic autoimmune disease that results in complete insulin insufficiency and metabolic dysfunction. According to a survival study that used p values, some hub genes are important for predicting and diagnosing illness. Scientists have inferred medicines to identify possible therapies that interact with the identified hub genes. The GSE10586 gene expression dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was used for this investigation, which included 27 samples from 15 healthy controls and 12 diabetic patients. Normalization methods such as variance stabilization normalization (VSN) were used as part of the data pretreatment. A protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed, heatmaps were created, and the Limma algorithm was used to analyze differential gene expression. Using DAVID v6.8 and KEGG pathway annotations, the functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was evaluated. Furthermore, a computational study revealed CERS6 to be one of the potential hub genes. Four drugs, methotrexate, eliglustat, myriocin and statin, were the focus of further studies on the basis of predictions made via ChemSpider and PubChem database analysis. To determine the optimal binding positions of these drugs with CERS6, we used molecular docking techniques. The binding affinity of methotrexate was 8.48 kcal/mol, that of myriocin was 7.85 kcal/mol, that of eliglustat was − 6.62 kcal/mol, and that of serine was − 4.90 kcal/mol against the binding pocket’s active residues. To determine how consistently each drug interacted with the CERS6 protein over time, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were run. Throughout the simulation intervals, both medications were confirmed to be stable, with minor alterations in the CERS6 protein loop region. Therefore, the investigation of structure-based drug design has potential for identifying specific therapeutic targets. Ten hub genes were identified via network analysis of differentially expressed genes. These hub genes could serve as novel targets for T1DM detection, prognosis, and targeting. CERS6 exhibited the highest degree of interaction. Methotrexate, eliglustat, myriocin and statins were identified as potential drugs for CERS6. Overall, these findings provide valuable insights that could pave the way for new experimental strategies in T1DM therapy.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-30045-x

Global burden of amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioid use in 204 countries, 1990–2023: a Global Burden of Disease Study

Muhammad Suleman Masood Ali Shaikh Jiseung Kang Sa’ed H. Zyoud Chuanhua Yu Naohiro Yonemoto Manish Vinayak Georgios Ioannis Verras Siavash Vaziri Hyeon Jin Kim Min Seo Kim Magdalena Zielińska Bin Zhu Paul Yip Dehui Yin Renjulal Yesodharan Tommi Juhani Vasankari Joe Varghese Jef Van den Eynde Munkhtuya Tumurkhuu Abdul Rohim Tualeka Evangelia Eirini Tsermpini Aristidis Tsatsakis Alexander C. Tsai Samuel Joseph Tromans Atta Ullah Masayuki Teramoto Mohamad Hani Temsah Reem Temsah Yonas Getaye Tefera Minale Tareke Vinay Suresh Vetriselvan Subramaniyan Dan J. Stein Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy Ireneous N. Soyiri Joan B. Soriano Soroush Soraneh Roman Shrestha Sunil Shrestha Pavanchand H. Shetty Premalatha K. ShettyS Seyed Afshin Shorofi Aminu Shittu Ujjawal Sharma Manoj Sharma Javad Sharifi Rad Amin Sharifan Alfiya Shamsutdinova Sunder Sham Anthony Zhong Jingya Zhang Haijun Zhang Mohammed G.M. Zeariya Aurora Zanghì Fathiah Zakham Hadiza Yusuf Zwanden Sule Yahaya Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone Marco Torrado Jovana Todorovic Tenaw Yimer Tiruye Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan Ker Kan Tan Baljinder Singh Jasvinder A. Singh Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues Silva João Pedro Silva Inga Dora Sigfusdottir Emmanuel Edwar Siddig Mahabalesh Shetty Ali Sheidaei Vishal Sharma Angga Wilandika Asokan Govindaraj Vaithinathan Shu Wang Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe Yuan Pang Wang Mandaras Tariku Walde Isidora S. Vujcic Saeed Ullah Aniefiok John Udoakang Thang Huu Tran Nguyen Tran Minh Duc Mircea Tampa Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos Payam Tabaee Damavandi Lukasz Szarpak Chandan Kumar Swain Matiwos Soboka Mehran Shams-Beyranvand Alireza Shakeri Masood Ali Shaikh Y. Waheed Farrukh Sobia Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina Valentin Yurievich Skryabin Surjit Singh Harmanjit Singh Paramdeep Singh Sa’ed H. Zyoud Asokan Govindaraj Vaithinathan Shu Wang Pavanchand H. Shetty Marco Torrado Premalatha K. ShettyS

Publication Name: Nature Medicine

Publication Date: 2026-02-01

Volume: 32

Issue: 2

Page Range: 527-544

Description:

Drug use disorders (DUDs) are emerging global public health challenges. Here we investigated the global and regional estimates of the prevalence and burden of DUDs, including amphetamine, cannabis, cocaine and opioid use disorders, from 1990 to 2023 for 204 countries and territories by using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. Overall, trends in global age-standardized disability-adjusted life-years of DUDs increased from 169.3 (95% uncertainty interval (95% UI), 134.4–203.9) per 100,000 people in 1990 to 212.0 (95% UI, 179.2–245.6) in 2023. In 2023, both prevalence and burden of DUDs were higher in high-income countries, particularly in the USA. The most prevalent DUDs in 2023 were cannabis use disorder (age-standardized prevalence, 270.8 (95% UI, 201.7–350.0) per 100,000 people) and opioid use disorder (205.9 (95% UI, 178.7–235.0)). Particularly, opioid use disorder showed a nearly twofold increase in prevalence and burden between 1990 and 2023. In 2023, compared with countries where cannabis use was illegal, countries permitting both recreational and medical cannabis use had higher prevalence rates for all types of DUDs. Proactive and effective policies are essential to mitigate the increasing global burden of DUDs.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1038/s41591-025-04137-0