Public transport provides accessible and affordable mobility for the general public and varies widely across cities and regions due to population density, infrastructure, and governmental policies. With high cost-effectiveness, environmental sustainability and universal accessibility, electric buses support low-carbon urban development for users of all age groups. However, focusing solely on decarbonizing private vehicles is insufficient to achieve efficient urban space management. This paper reviews the recent research progress in evaluation methods for electric bus operations in public transportation. Current studies mainly concentrate on vehicle planning, operational management, and infrastructure development, while research related to Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) remains relatively limited. This review clarifies the characteristics and gaps of mainstream evaluation approaches, enriches the methodological system for electric bus assessment and provides new concepts and theoretical support for the large-scale application and scientific deployment of battery powered electric buses.