Balázs Horváth

35229521400

Publications - 30

Key Performance Indicators for Evaluating Electric Buses in Public Transport Operations

Agoston Winkler Balázs Horváth Xiao Li

Publication Name: Vehicles

Publication Date: 2025-06-01

Volume: 7

Issue: 2

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The evaluation of electric buses used in public transportation operations encompasses several critical factors that directly influence the operational efficiency, as well as the economic viability, environmental advantages, and user experience. Energy consumption is a critical metric for assessing the energy efficiency of electric buses. It facilitates a better understanding of vehicle performance across varying road conditions and advances the implementation of energy-saving solutions. The passenger demand model is a tool used to assess the quality and experience of electric buses, with the assessment being based on real usage. The operational mileage is defined as the driving distance of electric buses on a single charge. This parameter has a significant impact on both urban coverage and route optimization. The article under consideration identifies evaluation indicators for electric buses. These indicators are derived from a set of 100 questionnaire responses, which were collected in Győr, Hungary. The classification of the indicators into three segments—mechanical, operational and bus transportation system—is proposed, with the underlying rationale and significance of each indicator’s selection being elucidated. The findings indicate that this component is essential for developing a comprehensive evaluation system for electric buses and serves as a solid foundation for more intricate future studies.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/vehicles7020058

Assessing the Sustainability of Electric and Hybrid Buses: A Life Cycle Assessment Approach to Energy Consumption in Usage

Agoston Winkler Balázs Horváth Xiao Li

Publication Name: Energies

Publication Date: 2025-03-01

Volume: 18

Issue: 6

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The global adoption of battery electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) as a substitute for internal combustion engine cars (ICEs) in various nations offers a substantial opportunity to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from land transportation. EVs are fitted with an energy conversion system that efficiently converts stored energy into propulsion, referred to as “tank-to-wheel (TTW) conversion”. Battery-electric vehicles have a significant advantage in that their exhaust system does not produce any pollutants. This hypothesis is equally relevant to public transport. Despite their higher upfront cost, electric buses contribute significantly to environmental sustainability during their operation. This study aimed to evaluate the environmental sustainability of electric buses during their operational phase by utilizing the life cycle assessment (LCA) technique. This paper used the MATLAB R2021b code to ascertain the mean load of the buses during their operation. The energy consumption of battery electric and hybrid electric buses was evaluated using the WLTP Class 2 standard, which refers to vehicles with a power-to-mass ratio between 22 and 34 W/kg, overing four speed phases (low, medium, high, extra high) with speeds up to 131.3 km/h. The code was used to calculate the energy consumption levels for the complete test cycle. The code adopts an idealized rectangular blind box model, disregarding the intricate design of contemporary buses to streamline the computational procedure. Simulating realistic test periods of 1800 s resulted in an average consumption of 1.451 kWh per km for electric buses and an average of 25.3 L per 100 km for hybrid buses. Finally, through an examination of the structure of the Hungarian power system utilization, it was demonstrated that electrification is a more appropriate method for achieving the emission reduction goals during the utilization phase.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/en18061545

Sensitivity Parameters of Transport Networks and Vulnerability Assessment of Critical Network Elements

Balázs Horváth Anett Gosztola

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 53

Issue: 3

Page Range: 292-300

Description:

Network sensitivity has recently become an important topic, with an increasing number of articles appearing on the subject. Identification of critical sections within transport networks is also essential for transport modelling. A well-developed methodology can help to improve the network to minimize the impact on road users in the event of future emergency cases (accidents or attacks). For this purpose, existing articles were assessed to determine what progress has been made in network sensitivity and what parameters and approaches have been used so far. After reviewing the articles, it became clear that a significant number of methods have been used to identify critical sections, and it became visible which areas are worth further work. Among the methodologies used, simplified networks have been the main focus, but there is a need for a more detailed analysis based on industry demand and available data.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPtr.39859

Public perception of autonomous vehicles acceptance in Hungary

Balázs Horváth Dilshad Mohammed

Publication Name: International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-10-25

Volume: 15

Issue: 3

Page Range: 435-447

Description:

The integration of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) into our modern society hinges on gaining widespread acceptance from potential road users. To indicate the preparedness of these road users and elucidate their perspectives regarding the use of AVs in future, it is imperative to conduct surveys gauging public acceptance and satisfaction with this emerging mode of transportation. This paper reports the results of a comprehensive questionnaire study involving 1,000 individuals in Gyor City. The survey's primary objective was to assess participants' attitudes and willingness to embrace autonomous vehicles within the city's road networks. The study delved into various socio-demographic factors, such as age, gender, and employment status, while also exploring participants' prior knowledge and opinions regarding the advantages and limitations of AVs. The findings reveal a generally favorable disposition among the public toward the inclusion of AVs in urban traffic, paving the way for the acceptance of mixed traffic patterns. Notably, respondents in younger age groups exhibit greater enthusiasm for incorporating AVs into their daily transportation, whereas individuals aged 65 and above express more reservations, displaying a conservative outlook. Furthermore, participants with prior knowledge and a deeper understanding of AVs exhibit a markedly more positive inclination toward this emerging technology compared to those lacking such familiarity.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/1848.2024.00769

Automatic Definition of Traffic Analysis Zones Based on Big Data

Balázs Horváth Viktor Nagy

Publication Name: Applied Sciences Switzerland

Publication Date: 2024-07-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 13

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

The planning process for any transport system can be considered complete if it is accompanied by a modeling system to evaluate the intervention. The study area should always be divided into traffic zones. Correct zoning is the key to any transport system study. The basic principles of zone creation require a thorough understanding of the area and local traffic conditions. However, this is not always a given, especially if a universally applicable assessment system is to be developed. This has led to the need to develop an algorithm that is able to provide an estimate for the definition of traffic zones based on some automatically observable or measurable phenomena or sequence of events. The aim of this research is to identify the observable events that are suitable for characterizing the area, so that an automatic zone definition procedure can be developed based on these. In this paper, automatic WAZE-generated congestion data were processed in a selected district of Budapest. During the processing, the area was divided into a grid network and time series were developed that show the traffic flow on the grid network as a function of the congestion level. The area subdivisions were then clustered using spectral clustering to create spatially distinct districts with identical traffic behavior.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/app14135964

Assessing the Paradox of Autonomous Vehicles: Promised Fuel Efficiency vs. Aggregate Fuel Consumption

Balázs Horváth Dilshad Mohammed

Publication Name: Energies

Publication Date: 2024-04-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 7

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

As autonomous vehicles (AVs) continue to evolve and approach widespread adoption in the near future, the touted benefits of improved fuel efficiency at an individual level come under scrutiny when considering the overall impact on fuel consumption. This research delves into the paradoxical relationship between the promising technology of AVs, their impact on traffic capacities, travel demand, and the subsequent influence on aggregate fuel consumption. While AVs have demonstrated enhanced fuel efficiency when considered as a singular mode of transportation, our study reveals a contrasting trend when scaled to a broader societal context. Through comprehensive analysis of the literature, we discovered that, at lower limits of energy savings achievable by a single AV, the overall fuel consumption increases by a staggering 42% compared to conventional human-driven vehicles. This counterintuitive outcome is a result of the aggregate effect of increased AV usage, leading to higher traffic volumes and travel demands. Conversely, at higher thresholds of energy savings by individual AVs, the percentage of fuel consumption increment diminishes, but remains notable. Even with advanced energy-saving features, the overall fuel quantity still experiences a substantial 30% increase compared to conventional vehicles when scaled up to widespread AV use. Our findings emphasize the importance of considering the holistic impact of AVs on transportation systems and energy consumption. As society transitions towards AV-dominated traffic, policymakers and stakeholders must address the challenges associated with increased travel demand, potential traffic congestion, and the resultant implications on fuel consumption.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/en17071589

Comparative Analysis of Following Distances in Different Adaptive Cruise Control Systems at Steady Speeds

Balázs Horváth Dilshad Mohammed

Publication Name: World Electric Vehicle Journal

Publication Date: 2024-03-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 3

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) systems have emerged as a significant advancement in automotive technology, promising safer and more efficient driving experiences. However, the performance of ACC systems can vary significantly depending on their type and underlying algorithms. This research presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of car-following distances in different types of Adaptive Cruise Control systems. We evaluate and compare three distinct categories of ACC systems using three different commercial vehicles brands. The study involves extensive real-world testing at Zalazone Proving Ground, to assess the performance of these systems under various driving conditions, including driving at multiple speeds and applying different car following scenarios. The study investigates how each ACC system manages the minimum following distances according to the type of ACC sensors in each tested vehicle. Our findings revealed that at low to medium ranges of constant driving speeds, there was an approximate linear increase in the average clearances between the two following vehicles for all applied scenarios, with comparatively shorter clearances obtained by the vision-based ACC system, while unstable measurements with a high level of dispersion for all ACC systems were observed at high range of driving speeds.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/wevj15030116

Age-friendly Transport: Traffic Safety for All

Balázs Horváth Diána Sarolta Kiss Csaba József Májer

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 52

Issue: 3

Page Range: 209-212

Description:

The elderly make up an increasing percentage of the European population and, with it, of the Hungarian population. Modern society is built around mobility. These two factors together lead to an increasing proportion of elderly drivers on the roads. Given the high proportion of people with chronic neurological conditions (stroke, Parkinson's disease, dementia), particular care should be taken to regularly check their fitness to drive. At present, there is no standardized, well-established protocol for the objective assessment of fitness to drive in the case of these diseases. Our paper discusses this matter.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPtr.23804

Examination of the Effects of Dynamic Speed Limit on Shock Waves with a Simulation Technique

Balázs Horváth Viktor Nagy Gergely Kruppa

Publication Name: Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 52

Issue: 1

Page Range: 52-58

Description:

The aim of motorway networks is to ensure smooth, high volume road traffic. The problem of anomalies in the system has been a longstanding concern for researchers, and with the widespread use of motorway networks a series of studies have been published on the subject. Speed limitation is one of the most important tools of mitigating disturbances. This study is looking for a solution to the problem known as the "shock wave effect". The research is based on a simulation method in a PTV VISSIM environment. The software can be used to examine certain traffic conditions, and then apply dynamic speed limitation based on these conditions. The Built Environment Information Platform (BENIP) is based on the idea that the built environment, the traffic, and the flow of information between them are closely related. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that a point-based notification of speed limits can be used for vehicles – a technology that is available in most cases at the infrastructure level on motorways – thus, improving road capacity and traffic safety.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3311/PPTR.22238

Analyzing the Potential Impacts of the Speed Compliance Behavior of Autonomous Vehicles †

Richard Horváth Balázs Horváth Attila Borsos Viktor Nagy

Publication Name: Engineering Proceedings

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 79

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Many researchers argue that autonomous vehicles (AV) will create a safer and more efficient transport infrastructure. However, some studies have drawn attention to potential problems in relation to how AVs and human-driven vehicles will co-exist. We investigated the effect of speed compliance behavior of AVs on an urban two-lane road section with alternating speed limits of 50 and 30 km/h. A Vissim microsimulation model was used where we gradually increased the traffic volume and the market penetration rate (MPR) of AVs. We found that under low traffic flow conditions the increase in MPR will lead to a decrease in the average speed and worsening of the average travel time. Under medium and, specifically, under saturated conditions, a high share of AVs can bring stability to the system. They can also significantly improve the speed compliance rate.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/engproc2024079063

Steady-Speed Traffic Capacity Analysis for Autonomous and Human-Driven Vehicles

Balázs Horváth Dilshad Mohammed

Publication Name: Applied Sciences Switzerland

Publication Date: 2024-01-01

Volume: 14

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

As the automotive industry transitions towards the era of autonomous vehicles, it is imperative to assess and compare the following distances maintained by vehicles equipped with adaptive cruise control (ACC) systems against those of traditional human-driven vehicles. This study aims to provide insights into the future use of autonomous vehicles by empirically examining the following distances achieved under different driving conditions. Controlled experiments were conducted using three vehicles equipped with various types of ACC sensors, and comparable scenarios were replicated with human drivers. The experiments involved driving at multiple constant speeds to evaluate the efficacy of ACC in maintaining safe following distances. Our findings indicate that ACC systems consistently converge on optimal following distances, demonstrating their ability to regulate spacing between vehicles effectively. However, a notable downside emerged in terms of their adverse impact on road capacities, where the results indicate a mitigation in capacity percentages of 7.6%, 9.3%, and 15.6% for the three types of ACC-equipped vehicles compared to human drivers. This study sheds light on the intricate interplay between ACC systems and human driving behaviors, emphasizing the need to consider both factors when envisioning the future of autonomous vehicles. While ACC systems provide a standardized and reliable approach to following distances, the shorter distances observed in human-driven scenarios suggest a potential trade-off between safety and traffic capacity. These insights contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics involved in autonomous driving, facilitating informed decision making for the integration of autonomous vehicles into future transportation systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/app14010337

Travel Demand Increment Due to the Use of Autonomous Vehicles

Balázs Horváth Dilshad Mohammed

Publication Name: Sustainability Switzerland

Publication Date: 2023-06-01

Volume: 15

Issue: 11

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Advanced technology available in promising fully autonomous vehicles (AVs) will encourage people to travel more than they have up to now using their regular vehicles. It is believed that the disadvantages of manually driven vehicles, such as driving fatigue, stressful feelings, aging physical skills deterioration, and other unwanted effects, will vanish once AVs are employed. For this purpose, this study presents the results of a large questionnaire performed in Győr, Hungary, about the public perception and acceptance of AVs. In addition, assessing the impact of using such technology on increasing travel demand when people can alter their mode of transport to an AV. The study demonstrates that respondents’ prior knowledge of AVs plays a crucial role in generating a greater number of trips when they are able to use AVs. Furthermore, it has also been found that providing further awareness and education to the population about the meaning of the term autonomous vehicles and widening their insights about the new features provided by these vehicles will result in a higher number of trips. Eventually, this information will act as a considerable indicator to provide a prior understanding of the possible challenges that may impact the sustainability of future transport systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/su15118937

Analysis of the economic benefits of an appraisal of an intersection

Balázs Horváth Dániel Miletics Bereket K. Basa

Publication Name: Pollack Periodica

Publication Date: 2023-07-11

Volume: 18

Issue: 2

Page Range: 78-83

Description:

Ethiopia's government proposes paving existing roads or building modern intersections in cities to reduce maintenance costs. An unimproved signalized intersection at 6° 51′ 47.9″ N and 37° 45′ 50.1″ E is selected for this research. Cost-benefit analysis is used to evaluate the proposed innovative approach to designing and implementing an intersection and to compare whether the new road projects will have an adequate return. This research suggests converting the current intersection into a signalized roundabout to calm traffic. Signalized roundabouts have a higher net present value and a modified internal rate of return than improved signalized crossing intersections. Considering the country's high inflation rate, three scenarios recommend using a signalized roundabout.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/606.2023.00767

Determining the Deformation Characteristics of Railway Ballast by Mathematical Modeling of Elastic Wave Propagation

Szabolcs Fischer Balázs Horváth Mykola Kurhan Dmytro Kurhan

Publication Name: Applied Mechanics

Publication Date: 2023-06-01

Volume: 4

Issue: 2

Page Range: 803-815

Description:

The article solves the problem of theoretically determining the deformable characteristics of railway ballast, considering its condition through mathematical modeling. Different tasks require mathematical models with different levels of detail of certain elements. After a certain limit, excessive detailing only worsens the quality of the model. Therefore, for many problems of the interaction between the track and the rolling stock, it is sufficient to describe the ballast as a homogeneous isotropic layer with a vertical elastic deformation. The elastic deformation of the ballast is formed by the deviation of individual elements; the ballast may have pollutants, the ballast may have places with different levels of compaction, etc. To be able to determine the general characteristics of the layer, a dynamic model of the stress–strain state of the system based on the dynamic problem of the theory of elasticity is applied. The reaction of the ballast to the dynamic load is modeled through the passage of elastic deformation waves. The given results can be applied in the models of the railway track in the other direction as initial data regarding the ballast layer.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/applmech4020041

Role of Information (Internet) in the Route Choice at Sustainable Urban Public Transport

Agoston Winkler Balázs Horváth Viktor Nagy

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 217-222

Description:

The role of information is higher and higher in the modern society. It is the same in transportation, especially in urban environments. An increasing share of the world's population is living in urban environments, and the understanding of transport processes in this field is essential. To be able to produce a better public transport system, the decision-making process of the individual users must be understood. By helping them to make the right decision from the viewpoint of the whole urban society, a more sustainable system can be built up (through a more attractive public transport service, with fewer cars) with highly reduced chemical pollution. This paper deals with the issue of the helping force of collected information at the special decision of route choice. Five different scenarios will be described to show the power of information in individual decisions. As a basis, there is static information only (like a timetable). In the second case, there are only limited dynamic information sources (real-time user information at the bus stop), while in the third case, the possibilities of permanent dynamic information are considered on the real timetable with the help of IoT. In the final two cases, there is the assumption of a critical mass of IoT in the transportation system, like the passengers’ mobile phones and the vehicles themselves. This paper describes a novel theoretical framework. Quantitative and qualitative results are the subject of future work.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107037

The Concept of BENIP – Built Environment Information Platform

Balázs Horváth J. Szép Attila Borsos

Publication Name: Infocommunications Journal

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 2023

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 29-34

Description:

The built environment and its components require a continuous and uninterrupted flow of information between its various players. In this paper a conceptual framework is proposed describing the role of these players as well as the nature of the links between them. The authors introduce a new term, a conceptual framework which can be used as a platform called BENIP (Built ENvironment Information Platform).

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.36244/ICJ.2023.SI-IODCR.5

Evaluating Fuel Consumption Rates Based on Rising Travel Demands Generated by Autonomous Vehicles

Balázs Horváth Dilshad Mohammed

Publication Name: Chemical Engineering Transactions

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 107

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 553-558

Description:

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are anticipated to revolutionize the transportation sector by enhancing mobility and efficiency. However, the rise in travel demand resulting from increased accessibility and convenience may counterbalance the potential fuel savings associated with AVs. For this reason, this study examines the relationship between travel demand and fuel consumption, considering factors such as travel time, number of trips, and travel patterns. Through a combination of theoretical analysis and empirical data, the research aims to quantify the net effect of travel demand increment under varying demand scenarios using AVs on fuel consumption. The results showed that with the convenience of AVs, people may be more willing to tolerate longer commutes. This has led to an increase in Vehicle Hours Travelled, which directly translated to higher fuel consumption. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in designing sustainable transportation strategies and optimizing the energy efficiency of AV-based mobility systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3303/CET23107093

Vehicle Automation Impact on Traffic Flow and Stability: A Review of Literature

Balázs Horváth Dilshad Mohammed

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2023-01-01

Volume: 20

Issue: 5

Page Range: 129-148

Description:

Vehicle automation technologies open new avenues for improving present transportation networks. It is predicted that Autonomous vehicles (AVs) and Connected Vehicles (CVs) will improve the traffic flow though increasing road capacities and reducing travel time and congestion to a great extent. According to the studies, AVs and CVs benefits will likely to more increase with their penetration rates and level of automation and cooperation. Eventually it might accelerate the expected evolution in car mobility in which the gradual transition from regular human driving to automated driving will occur. This paper summarizes the recent studies on the impact of vehicle automation in traffic flow. Although many factors are considered to affect traffic flow under the use of vehicle automation. This study has selected four main factors, these are travel behavior factor, the effect of platooning, travel time factor, and the effect of intersection control. The reviewed studies relevant to these keywords have been extensively argued and thoroughly discussed in this paper. Furthermore, the different applied models and the analytical frameworks which have been used to achieve various results and outcomes, are described in an illustrative table. Finally, all findings which have been demonstrated from this paper emphasize a great contribution of the developed vehicle automation technology to the future of our transportation system.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.12700/APH.20.5.2023.5.9

Effect of Self-driving Buses on Vehicle Scheduling

Balázs Horváth Viktor Nagy

Publication Name: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing

Publication Date: 2021-01-01

Volume: 1278

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 21-29

Description:

We are more and more close to the time when a higher number of autonomous vehicles are appearing in road traffic. The number of unanswered questions does not diminish but grow. One such issue is the role of autonomous vehicles in public transport. When talking about autonomous vehicles we often think of only cars and we think less about self-driving buses. But the economic potential inherent in autonomous buses is huge. In the Hungarian vehicle and crew scheduling practice (and also in other countries) the one driver-one vehicle control is typical. This method closely links the vehicles and the drivers. Vehicles should therefore adapt to the rest time of the crew and the employment rules. Unused reserves are generated in the system. Autonomous vehicles can release this overcapacity. Thanks to that, fewer vehicles can carry out public transport tasks and we can save extra rides. It also provides a solution to the lack of drivers, which is a basic problem in many countries. In our study we show the reserves that can be recovered from the system in the case of three Hungarian cities (Eger, Dunaújváros, Győr). We show how much savings can be achieved by running autonomous buses in European cities with a population of 45 000, 54 000 and 130 000 inhabitants. The results are promising. In smaller cities we could achieve about 20% of economical savings but in bigger cities 40% is also realistic. Our statements are based on only rough calculations and they try to help in preparation for the future.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-61075-3_3

The effects of autonomous buses to vehicle scheduling system

Balázs Horváth Viktor Nagy

Publication Name: Procedia Computer Science

Publication Date: 2020-01-01

Volume: 170

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 235-240

Description:

We are more and more closer to time when mass value of autonomous vehicles is appearing in road traffic. The number of unanswered questions does not diminish but growing. One such issue is the role of autonomous vehicles in public transport. When talking about autonomous vehicles we often think of only cars and we think less about self-driving buses. But the economic potential inherent in autonomous buses is huge. In the Hungarian vehicle and crew scheduling practice the one driver-one vehicle control is typical. This method closely links the vehicles and the drivers. Vehicles should therefore adapt to the rest time of the crew and the employment rules. Unused reserves are generated in the system. Autonomous vehicles can release this overcapacity. Thanks to that, fewer vehicles can carry out public transport tasks and we can save extra rides. It also provides a solution to the lack of drivers, which is a basic problem in many countries. In our study we show the reserves that can be recovered from the system in a case of a Hungarian city, Eger. We show how much savings can be achieved by running autonomous buses in a European city with a population of 50,000 inhabitants. Our suppositions are only unsure statements what try to help in the preparing of the future.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2020.03.035

Land-use zone estimation in public transport planning with data mining

Richard Horváth Balázs Horváth Viktor Nagy

Publication Name: Transportation Research Procedia

Publication Date: 2017-01-01

Volume: 27

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1050-1057

Description:

Nowadays, data sets are spreading continually, generated by different devices and systems. The modern GPS based tracking systems and the electronic tickets are producing lots of data, and we could use them, for improving the service level. These data are processable with the modern devices and methods, and we can use them for obtaining information. Thanks to the spread of data mining, these tools are not appearing only in marketing research, but also in the most various kind of scientific areas and they are advertising a new scientific revolution. Although the importance of these data sources is essential it is not widespread in transport planning except in some specific areas. The smart card systems store the number of boarding passengers and in some cases also the alighting values. From the passengers' boarding and alighting information in a stop point we can create a time series, which shows the behavior type of the given stop points presented on graphic curves. With the help of different clustering and classification processes, these curves can be turned into groups and we can observe these groups of stop points which are defining separated zones. This is the basic step in transport modelling and the zones were determined by manual methods usually. In this paper we examine clustering and classification methods compared to each other and check the usability of different distance measurement techniques. This paper shows the usage of these methods in public transportation and presents the background of this kind of zone distribution technic.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.trpro.2017.12.145

Intelligent decision support technologies in public and individual transport

Agoston Winkler Balázs Horváth

Publication Name: Intelligent Decision Technologies

Publication Date: 2017-01-01

Volume: 11

Issue: 4

Page Range: 441-449

Description:

Intelligent decision technologies can support travelling as well as planning transport systems. Trip makers have to choose between transport modes and then plan the optimal route which depends on many factors e.g. journey time, walking distances, transfers, waiting times, price of the journey as well as the individual preferences of the trip maker. This paper gives an overview of decisions in both individual and public transport. Then it shows some examples how intelligent cognitive info-communications can support these decisions and how they can be built into passenger information services.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3233/IDT-170307

Hidden content of passenger data in public transport

Balázs Horváth Viktor Nagy

Publication Name: Procedia Computer Science

Publication Date: 2017-01-01

Volume: 109

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 506-512

Description:

Nowadays, data sets are spreading continually, generated by different devices and systems. In most cases, these data are stored, and the service providers don't use the information they contain, what even more they delete these data to save space. However, these data are processable with the modern devices and methods, and we can use them for obtaining information. This paper presents a possible application of the digital raw materials, taking the public transport passengers boarding and alighting information as a base. Based on these, we are able to deduce the characteristics of the stop point's environment since the different land usage yields dissimilar stop usage with well-defined peak hours. With the help of distance measurement and classification techniques it is possible to define how similar are the stop points to predefined patterns and we can create stop point groups which define separated zones. The paper shows a usage method of distance measurement methods and classification in public transportation and presents the background of this kind of land-use zone distribution technic.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2017.05.320

Cognitive infocommunications in transport related decision making

Balázs Horváth

Publication Name: 6th IEEE Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2015 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2016-01-25

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 303-306

Description:

Cognitive sciences are widespread all across the sciences although transportation sciences did not discover it fully. The paper will give an overview on the possible usage and future of cognitive infocommunication in transportation. The scale is very wide due to the fact that transport is a collector or multidisciplinary science. It needs some technical knowledge some operational research some economy, issues from social sciences, statistical methods and the queue is long enough. In this paper I can highlight only few of the several aspects. It is more a paper to let start thinking on the more consciously usage of cognitive sciences in transport sciences.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CogInfoCom.2015.7390608

Application of cognitive infocommunications in public transport journey planning: Relationship of passenger decisions and online passenger information systems

Agoston Winkler Balázs Horváth

Publication Name: 6th IEEE Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2015 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2016-01-25

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 95-98

Description:

Cognitive sciences play an important role in public transport journey planning. Passengers have to determine the possible ways to get from one place to another at a specified time and then choose the best one. Their decisions depend on many factors e.g. journey time, walking distances, transfers, waiting times, price of the journey as well as the preferences of the passengers. This paper presents an innovative journey planning system which is able to handle as well as collect data about preferences of different passenger layers. The experiences show that passenger preferences at the beginning of the journey differ from the ones at the middle of the journey which implies that infocommunication applications used for passenger information and journey planning should consider these differences.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CogInfoCom.2015.7390571

Uncertainty of the Od Matrix's Estimation in Urban Public Transport

Balázs Horváth

Publication Name: Transportation Research Procedia

Publication Date: 2016-01-01

Volume: 14

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1716-1722

Description:

The key of the planning of public transport systems is the accurate prediction of the traffic load which requires a well-functioning assignment method and reliable passenger data (i.e. time-dependent OD matrix). The paper two years ago at TRA2014 was started with this idea. Since that time the procedure was improved and real network test was performed. Based on the experiences of the real network tests several new improvements were implemented. This paper shows the newest results with the previously described method and search for connection between network structure and certainty together with sample size.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1016/j.trpro.2016.05.137

Estimation of sample size to forecast travel demand in urban public transport

Richard Horváth Balázs Horváth

Publication Name: 2015 International Conference on Models and Technologies for Intelligent Transportation Systems Mt ITS 2015

Publication Date: 2015-08-25

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 300-303

Description:

The starting point of a transport development project is knowledge on travel demand. If there is time and money for doing a detailed survey and passenger counting, we are able to build up detailed travel demand models. Usually this is not the case of the reality. Normally there is money and resources for some counting and maybe some surveying to clarify the demand data (e.g. OD matrix). There is always a discussion point; what is the needed size of the sample at a surveying, to be able to produce reliable data for OD matrix estimation. The paper deals with the issue of needed sample size and reliability of results.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/MTITS.2015.7223271

Real network test of an iterative origin-destination matrix estimator in urban public transport

Richard Horváth Balázs Horváth

Publication Name: 2014 18th International Conference on System Theory Control and Computing Icstcc 2014

Publication Date: 2014-12-11

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 715-719

Description:

The estimation of origin-destination matrices in urban public transport is an evergreen issue due to the fact that the key of the planning of public transport systems is the accurate prediction of the traffic load which requires a well-functioning assignment method and reliable passenger data (i.e. time-dependent OD matrix). This paper describes the theory of lately developed iterative estimation method and the first real network test results.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/ICSTCC.2014.6982502

Forecasting of travel demand in urban public transport

Balázs Horváth

Publication Name: Ines 2012 IEEE 16th International Conference on Intelligent Engineering Systems Proceedings

Publication Date: 2012-10-01

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 317-321

Description:

The key of the planning of public transport systems is the accurate prediction of the traffic load, or the correct execution of the planning stage assignment. This requires not only a well-functioning assignment method, but also reliable passenger data. Reliable passenger data means time-dependent origin-destination matrix. To solve the problem of lack of time-dependent passenger data we have developed a forecasting method. It consists of three stages. In the first stage we collect full scope cross-section data. This can be done either with personnel or an automatic counting system. If personnel are used it costs a lot and there are many possible errors. However the results in most cases are good enough. Automatic counting system can be either a counter machine or even a simple "Check in" E-ticketing system. In the second stage, we link boarding and alighting. As result we get the origin-destination matrix for each run. This method is based on the likelihood of alighting at a given stop. In the third stage, we combine origin-destination matrices of the runs through transfers. At this stage we assume that the probability of a transfer between two runs in a given stop is proportional to the travel possibilities in this relation. To view the entire method in the practice we proved it in a Hungarian cities. The results were reliable, so they could be use in the planning process. © 2012 IEEE.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/INES.2012.6249851

A simple method to forecast travel demand in urban public transport

Balázs Horváth

Publication Name: Acta Polytechnica Hungarica

Publication Date: 2012-09-17

Volume: 9

Issue: 4

Page Range: 165-176

Description:

The key to the planning of public transport systems is the accurate prediction of the traffic load, or the correct execution of the planning stage assignment. This requires not only a well-functioning assignment method, but also reliable passenger data. Reliable passenger data means a time-dependent origin-destination matrix. To solve the problem of the lack of time-dependent passenger data, we have developed a forecasting method. It consists of three stages. In the first stage, we collect full scope cross-section data. This can be done either with personnel or with an automatic counting system. If personnel are used it costs a lot, and there is the chance for many possible errors. However, the results in most cases are good enough. Automatic counting system can be either a counter machine or even a simple Check in E-ticketing system. In the second stage, we link boarding and alighting. As result, we get the origin-destination matrix for each run. This method is based on the likelihood of alighting at a given stop. In the third stage, we combine origin-destination matrices of the runs through transfers. At this stage we assume that the probability of a transfer between two runs in a given stop is proportional to the travel possibilities in this relation. To view the entire method in practice we proved it in a Hungarian city (Dunaújváros). The results were reliable, so they could be used in the planning process.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: DOI not available