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Found 6374 publications

Intelligent total transportation management system for future smart cities

Daniel Rohacs Anita Boros Dinh Dung Nguyen József Rohács

Publication Name: Applied Sciences Switzerland

Publication Date: 2020-12-02

Volume: 10

Issue: 24

Page Range: 1-31

Description:

Smart mobility and transportation, in general, are significant elements of smart cities, which account for more than 25% of the total energy consumption related to smart cities. Smart transportation has seven essential sections: leisure, private, public, business, freight, product distribution, and special transport. From the management point of view, transportation can be classified as passive or non-cooperating, semi-active or simple cooperating, active or cooperating, contract-based, and priority transportation. This approach can be applied to public transport and even to passengers of public transport. The transportation system can be widely observed, analyzed, and managed using an extensive distribution network of sensors and actuators integrated into an Internet of Things (IoT) system. The paper briefly discusses the benefits that the IoT can offer for smart city transportation management. It deals with the use of a hierarchical approach to total transportation management, namely, defines the concept, methodology, and required sub-model developments, which describes the total system optimization problems; gives the possible system and methodology of the total transportation management; and demonstrates the required sub-model developments by examples of car-following models, formation motion, obstacle avoidances, and the total management system implementation. It also introduces a preliminary evaluation of the proposed concept relative to the existing systems.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.3390/app10248933

EStreams: An integrated dataset and catalogue of streamflow, hydro-climatic and landscape variables for Europe

Ruud van der Ent Marvin Höge Thiago V.M. do Nascimento Máté Chappon Julia Rudlang Jan Seibert Fabrizio Fenicia Markus Hrachowitz

Publication Name: Scientific Data

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 11

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Large-sample hydrology datasets have become increasingly available, contributing to significant scientific advances. However, in Europe, only a few such datasets have been published, capturing only a fraction of the wealth of information from national data providers in terms of available spatial density and temporal extent. We present “EStreams”, an extensive dataset of hydro-climatic variables and landscape descriptors and a catalogue of openly available stream records for 17,130 European catchments. Spanning up to 120 years, the dataset includes streamflow indices, catchment-aggregated hydro-climatic signatures and landscape attributes (topography, soils, geology, vegetation and landcover). The catalogue provides detailed descriptions that allow users to directly access streamflow data sources, overcoming challenges related to data redistribution policies, language barriers and varied data portal structures. EStreams also provides Python scripts for data retrieval, aggregation and processing, making it dynamic in contrast to static datasets. This approach enables users to update their data as new records become available. Our goal is to extend current large-sample datasets and further integrate hydro-climatic and landscape data across Europe.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03706-1

Evaluation of steel hardenability by JM®-test

D. Iljkic N. Tomasic G. E. Totten B. Smoljan Imre Felde Tamás Réti

Publication Name: Materials Science Forum

Publication Date: 2007-01-01

Volume: 537-538

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 607-614

Description:

The modified Jominy-test was designed for prediction of hardenability of high-hardenability tool steels and possibility of application of modified Jominy-test in computer simulation of quenching of high-hardenability tool steels has been investigated. Because of high hardenability there are limits in application of original Jominy-specimen in simulation of quenching of steels. The performance of investigated modified Jominy-test in simulation of quenching of high-hardenability tool steels was estimated by comparison of cooling curves of modified Jominy-specimen (JM®-specimen) and cylindrical specimen. The influence of dimension of JM®-specimen on cooling curves has been investigated. The time of cooling, t8/5 relevant for results of quenching was predicted. Modified Jominy-test can be applied in simulation of quenching of steel with higher hardenability rather than original Jominy-test.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.4028/0-87849-426-x.607

Quantifying Geotechnical Uncertainty in Ground Motion Predictions: Bayesian Generalized Linear Model Framework

Clara Beatrice Vilceanu Ayele Chala Mais Mayassah R. P. Ray

Publication Name: Advances in Civil Engineering

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: 2025

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Accurate prediction of peak ground intensity measures is inevitably influenced by geotechnical variability. Variations in soil properties, subsurface conditions, and seismic inputs introduce complexities that challenge the reliability of predictions. This study introduces a Bayesian generalized linear model (GLM) to probabilistically predict peak ground acceleration (PGA) while accounting for uncertainties associated with geotechnical variability. Latin hypercube sampling (LHS) was employed to generate synthetic datasets of key geotechnical parameters, including plasticity index, shear wave velocity, soil thickness, input motion intensity, and unit weight of soil for hypothetical sites. Subsequently, a series of one-dimensional equivalent linear (1D-EQL) seismic site response analyses were performed, and PGA value at ground surface level were recorded for each analysis. The Bayesian GLM was then developed using these comprehensive datasets to probabilistically predict PGA. The performance and reliability of the developed model were evaluated on a separate test dataset. To benchmark its performance, a Bayesian neural network (BNN) was also developed and compared. In addition, a Shiny-based graphical user interface (GUI), named Bayes-PGA-predictor, was implemented to facilitate practical application. The findings demonstrate that the Bayesian GLM offers a robust and interpretable approach to predicting PGA while effectively quantifying uncertainty associated with geotechnical variability.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1155/adce/6678669

The Role of Fintech in Promoting Sustainable Blue Economy

Bharti Kapur Attila Kurucz Komalpreet Kaur

Publication Name: World Sustainability Series

Publication Date: 2025-01-01

Volume: Part F794

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 1-20

Description:

The sustainable blue economy lays a strong emphasis on utilising ocean resources responsibly in order to enhance livelihoods, preserve ecosystem health, and grow the economy. Financial technology, or fintech, has emerged as a major enabler, offering creative ways to eliminate financial gaps, enhance monitoring, and more efficiently manage ocean resources. In this chapter discusses how fintech may stimulate sustainable growth in the blue economy by concentrating on key issues including transparent resource management, scalable investment mechanisms, and inclusive financial systems. This chapter presents a conceptual framework for addressing economic, environmental, and social issues by fusing sustainable marine practices with technological advancements like blockchain, artificial intelligence, and the internet of things. Fintech’s practical implications in advancing sustainability are demonstrated through in-depth case studies, such as blockchain for Indonesian fisheries and crowdfunding for the restoration of coral reefs in the Caribbean. It also focuses on practical policy recommendations for incorporating fintech into nationally and globally blue economy strategies, like developing regulatory framework and strengthening cross-sector collaborations. The chapter concludes by highlighting fintech’s critical role in promoting sustainability, inclusion, and resilience in ocean-based economies, widening up opportunities for the accomplishment of more general sustainable development goals.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-92390-6_1

The role of human factors in road design

Attila Borsos Hans Joachim Vollpracht Sibylle Birth

Publication Name: 6th IEEE Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications Coginfocom 2015 Proceedings

Publication Date: 2016-01-25

Volume: Unknown

Issue: Unknown

Page Range: 363-367

Description:

This paper investigates the role of Human Factors in road design with a focus on road safety. In the first part of the paper an introduction is given on the concept of Human Factors in general. Then some basic principles related to traffic safety are tackled. Finally, Cognitive Info-Communications as a possible tool to improve driver capabilities is mentioned.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1109/CogInfoCom.2015.7390620

Perception of multilevel factors for entrepreneurial innovation success: A survey of university students

Tibor Dőry Balázs Borsi

Publication Name: Acta Oeconomica

Publication Date: 2020-12-01

Volume: 70

Issue: 4

Page Range: 615-632

Description:

Entrepreneurial innovation is a complex phenomenon. Experimenting with research designs that could claim some degree of generalizable linking between the individual and external influencing factors is challenging. However, progress even in research niches can contribute to a more structured understanding of the process. This article focuses on the first stages of entrepreneurial innovation, using a novel questionnaire design. Responses were collected from two Hungarian universities (147 and 127 responses, respectively) and analysed using Structural Equation Modelling. The results confirm that entrepreneurial innovation success in the early stage is shaped by macro-level factors, which have an influence on risk perception through locus of control. The paper makes two contributions, demonstrating (1) the possibility of using questionnaire survey for analysing multiple levels if the narrative is under control, and (2) how individual entrepreneurs approach the start of their innovation-based business, upon which personality and environmental factors both have significant impact.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1556/032.2020.00039

A morpho-phylogenetic update on ixodid ticks infesting cattle and buffalos in Vietnam, with three new species to the fauna and a checklist of all species indigenous to the country

Thanh Thi Ha Dao Jenő Kontschán Gergő Keve Duan Ngoc Pham Ngoc Nhu Duong Nóra Takács Sándor Hornok Róbert Farkas

Publication Name: Parasites and Vectors

Publication Date: 2024-12-01

Volume: 17

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Background: Southeast Asia is regarded as a hotspot for the diversity of ixodid ticks. In this geographical region, Vietnam extends through both temperate and tropical climate zones and therefore has a broad range of tick habitats. However, molecular-phylogenetic studies on ixodid tick species have not been reported from this country. Methods: In this study, 1788 ixodid ticks were collected from cattle, buffalos and a dog at 10 locations in three provinces of northern Vietnam. Tick species were identified morphologically, and representative specimens were molecularly analyzed based on the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) and 16S rRNA genes. Fifty-nine tick species that are indigenous in Vietnam were also reviewed in the context of their typical hosts in the region. Results: Most ticks removed from cattle and buffalos were identified as Rhipicephalus microplus, including all developmental stages. Larvae and nymphs were found between January and July but adults until December. Further species identified from cattle were Rhipicephalus linnaei, Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, Amblyomma integrum and Haemaphysalis cornigera. Interestingly, the latter three species were represented only by adults, collected in one province: Son La. The dog was infested with nymphs and adults of R. linnaei in July. Phylogenetically, R. microplus from Vietnam belonged to clade A of this species, and R. haemaphysaloides clustered separately from ticks identified under this name in China, Taiwan and Pakistan. Amblyomma integrum from Vietnam belonged to the phylogenetic group of haplotypes of an Amblyomma sp. reported from Myanmar. The separate clustering of H. cornigera from Haemaphysalis shimoga received moderate support. Conclusions: Three tick species (R. linnaei, A. integrum and H. cornigera) are reported here for the first time in Vietnam, thus increasing the number of indigenous tick species to 62. Clade A of R. microplus and at least R. linnaei from the group of Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato occur in the country. There is multiple phylogenetic evidence that different species might exist among the ticks that are reported under the name R. haemaphysaloides in South and East Asia. This is the first report of A. integrum in Southeastern Asia. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.)

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06384-5

Characterisation and Modelling of Ultrashort Laser-Driven Electromagnetic Pulses

Christos Kamperidis Luca Volpe Massimo De Marco Valeria Ospina Mate Liszi Istvan Drotar Kwinten Nelissen Giancarlo Gatti

Publication Name: Scientific Reports

Publication Date: 2020-12-01

Volume: 10

Issue: 1

Page Range: Unknown

Description:

Recent advances on laser technology have enabled the generation of ultrashort (fs) high power (PW) laser systems. For such large scale laser facilities there is an imperative demand for high repetition rate operation in symbiosis with beamlines or end-stations. In such extreme conditions the generation of electromagnetic pulses (EMP) during high intense laser target interaction experiments can tip the scale for the good outcome of the campaign. The EMP effects are several including interference with diagnostic devices and actuators as well as damage of electrical components. The EMP issue is quite known in the picosecond (ps) pulse laser experiments but no systematic study on EMP issues at multi-Joule fs-class lasers has been conducted thus far. In this paper we report the first experimental campaign for EMP-measurements performed at the 200 TW laser system (VEGA 2) at CLPU laser center. EMP pulse energy has been measured as a function of the laser intensity and energy together with other relevant quantities such as (i) the charge of the laser-driven protons and their maximum energy, as well as (ii) the X-ray Kα emission coming from electron interaction inside the target. Analysis of experimental results demonstrate (and confirm) a direct correlation between the measured EMP pulse energy and the laser parameters such as laser intensity and laser energy in the ultrashort pulse duration regime. Numerical FEM (Finite Element Method) simulations of the EMP generated by the target holder system have been performed and the simulations results are shown to be in good agreement with the experimental ones.

Open Access: Yes

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59882-8